Download Wisconsin Police Academy Study Guide: Fundamentals of Criminal Justice and more Exams Law in PDF only on Docsity!
Phase 1 Wisconsin Police Academy
Study Guide | 100% Correct Answers |
Verified | Latest 2025/2026 Version
(Fundamentals of CJ) Name of the person filling an appeal - ✔✔Appellate (Fundamentals of CJ) The name of the party that opposes the appeal - ✔✔Respondent (Fundamentals of CJ) How many judges are in the Wisconsin Supreme Court? - ✔✔ 7 (Fundamentals of CJ) How many judges are in the U.S. Supreme Court? - ✔✔ 9 (Fundamentals of CJ) What does a warrant command? -before the court ✔✔The defendant be arrested and brought
(Fundamentals of CJ) What does a summons command? -court on a certain date and time ✔✔Orders the defendant to appear before the
(Fundamentals of CJ) The court system is the branch of government in Wisconsin. - ✔✔Third (Fundamentals of CJ) How many years do judges serve on the Wisconsin Supreme Court? - ✔✔10 years (Fundamentals of CJ) How many courts of appeals are in Wisconsin Court System? Where are they? - ✔✔4 districts in Madison, Waukesha, Milwaukee, and Wausau
(Fundamentals of CJ) How many years do judges serve on the Wisconsin Circuit Courts? - ✔✔6 years (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the function of circuit courts in the Wisconsin Court System? -courts with jurisdiction in criminal and civil cases ✔✔Trial
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the function of Municipal Courts in the Wisconsin Court System? - ✔✔Exclusive jurisdiction over ordinance violations
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the order of the Wisconsin Court System? - ✔✔1. Supreme Court 2.3. Court of AppealsCircuit Courts
- Municipal Courts (Fundamentals of CJ) Most Appeals Court cases are decided by a -judge panel. - ✔✔ 3 (Fundamentals of CJ) Is testimony taken by the Appeals Court? -record and the written briefs of the litigants to make their decisions ✔✔No. They rely on the circuit court
(Agency Policy) What are the mandatory policies for Wisconsin Law Enforcement agencies? -Force [§66.0511(2)] ✔✔- Use of
- Citizen Complaint [§66.0511.(3)]High Speed Pursuit [§346.03(6)]
- Open Records [§19.34(1)]Domestic Abuse [§968.075(3)]
- Reporting Abuse [§48.981(3)(b)3)] Expander of Jurisdiction [§175.40(6)(d) and § 175.40 (6m)]
- Eyewitness Identification [§175.50(2)] (Agency Policy) What are the policies for Wisconsin Law Enforcement agencies that are required undercertain conditions? - ✔✔- Privacy in Locker Rooms [§175.22]
- Police Escorts [§346.215]Crime Victims' Rights [§950.08]
- Disposition of Public Records [§19.21(4), (5)]Emergency Detention [§51.15(11m)]
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution? -states to make laws that prohibit or punish acts. ✔✔Allows individual
(Fundamentals of CJ) What jurisdiction do Municipal Courts have? -ordinance violations and non-criminal traffic violations. ✔✔They have jurisdiction over
(Fundamentals of CJ) If a conduct violates both state and municipal ordinances, who decides if the issueof a municipal court citation is given or refer the case to the district attorney with recommendation that state charges be filed? - ✔✔Law Enforcement (Fundamentals of CJ) What does the Declaration of Independence assert for all men? -created equal and have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness ✔✔All men are
(Fundamentals of CJ) What does the U.S. Constitution provide? -welfare of the people, as well as separating the functions into three different branches of government ✔✔Common defense and general with a system of checks and balances. (Fundamentals of CJ) Who empowers Law Enforcement? -force, to make arrests, and to take freedoms from those who break the law. ✔✔The state which allows for the use of
(Fundamentals of CJ) What Wisconsin Constitution statute outlines duties of the Sheriff? - 59 ✔✔Chapter
(Fundamentals of CJ) The law requires that municipalities with a population ofprovide police protective services. - ✔✔5,000. *They can be provided by creating a municipal court, or more must creating a joint department or contracting for services with another police agency. (Fundamentals of CJ) What are tribal governments? -establish their own civil and criminal codes and have their own courts. ✔✔Federally recognized Indian tribes that
(Fundamentals of CJ) Who has jurisdiction over criminal matters on reservations? -Law 83-280 (PL 280): All reservation and off reservation trust lands in Wisconsin, except the Menominee ✔✔Subject to Public Reservation, are subject to state criminal jurisdiction. (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the philosophy of policing that combines traditional aspects of lawenforcement with prevention measures, problem-solving, community engagement, and community partnerships? - ✔✔Community Policing (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the goal of community policing? -serves closer together to identify and address crime issues. ✔✔To bring the police and the public it
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the key element and primary resource of community policing? -prevention and the Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Office. ✔✔Crime
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is problem-oriented policing? -of specific crime and disorder problems in order to develop effective response strategies in conjunction ✔✔It involves the identification and analysis with ongoing assessment. (Fundamentals of CJ) This strategy places more emphasis on research and analysis as well as crimeprevention and the engagement of public and private organization in the reduction of community problems. - ✔✔Problem-Oriented Policing (Fundamentals of CJ) What are the four stages of the problem-solving approach? -identify patterns in the incidents they routinely handle. ✔✔1. Scan data to
- Subject these patterns (or problems) to in-depth analysis of causes. 3.4. Find new ways of intervening earlier so that these problems are less likely to occur in the future.Assess the impact of the interventions and, if they have not worked, start the process over again.
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the acronym used to refer to the four stages of problem solving? - ✔✔SARA- Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment
(Fundamentals of CJ) What is the Broken Windows policing strategy? -controlling minor disorders, serious crimes can be reduced. ✔✔A theory that says by
(Fundamentals of CJ) What statewide law enforcement agency investigates alleged violations of statestatutes when committed by public employees acting in their official capacity, as well as violations committed by any government entity at the state or local level? - ✔✔Public Integrity Bureau (Fundamentals of CJ) What statewide law enforcement agency enforces state highway laws and whatservices do they provide? - ✔✔Wisconsin State Patrol. Their services include: Crash Reconstructions, Commercial Vehicle Inspections, Interdiction and Homeland Security, Aerial Surveillance, Training/LocalAssistance.
(Fundamentals of CJ) What person has a duty to "preserve the peace" and traditionally the person whoholds this duty is considered the chief law enforcement officer in a county - ✔✔Sheriff
(Fundamentals of CJ) What chapter in the Wisconsin Constitution outlines the duties of a sheriff? - ✔✔Chapter 59
(Fundamentals of CJ) How does a sheriff get their job? - ✔✔They are elected (Fundamentals of CJ) What is the jurisdiction of a Sheriff - ✔✔The county they are elected to. (Fundamentals of CJ) What are the expectations an officer must fulfill established by the public trust? - ✔✔- Equal access/equal treatment
- Justifiable actions
- Preservation, not judging of lifeNo private gain
- No selective enforcementTeamwork
(Critical Thinking) What is decision making? - ✔✔A process of identifying and evaluating choices. (Critical Thinking) What are the types of decisions we make? - ✔✔Routine, impulsive, and reasoned
(Critical Thinking) What are heuristics? - ✔✔Unconscious routines (Critical Thinking) How do you reduce the impact of the effects of anchoring? - ✔✔- Be open minded
- Offer objective information (Critical Thinking) How do you reduce the effects of status quo? -preparing to make a decision ✔✔- Think of your goals when
- Look at each possible change, one at a time
- Avoid natural tendency to exaggerate effort or cost or emotional reaction (Critical Thinking) What is the "Justify-Past-Actions Trap"? -the past in the same or in a similar situation because of extenuating circumstances or personal ✔✔Making the same decision that you did in reputation. (Critical Thinking) What is an inference? -based on the interpretation of assumptions. ✔✔The conscious thought process that draws a conclusion
(Critical Thinking) What is the key to understanding inferences? -assumptions and applying good judgment in arriving at the correct conclusion. ✔✔Evaluating the underlying
(Critical Thinking) What leads to more reasoned, informed conclusions? -conclusions. Evaluating and interpreting the available information and then assessing the validity of the ✔✔Not jumping to underlying assumptions. (Critical Thinking) What is an assumption? -or more likely a subconscious belief taken for granted. ✔✔It can either be an explicit conscious statement of belief
(Critical Thinking) Describe value based assumptions. -world should be - the concept of "ought". ✔✔They are based on how one believes the
(Critical Thinking) Define descriptive assumptions. -it actually is. ✔✔They are more explicit and describe the world as
(Critical Thinking) How do you realize you are being close-minded? -someone's reasons ✔✔- Unwilling to listen to
- Are irritated by the reason people give youBecome defensive during a discussion
(Critical Thinking) What are the 8 characteristics of critical thinking? -- Defining a problem ✔✔- Asking questions
- Examining evidenceAnalyzing assumptions and biases
- Avoiding emotional reasoningAvoiding over simplification
- Considering other interpretationsTolerating ambiguity
(Critical Thinking) What is metacognition? - ✔✔Thinking about one's own thinking. (Critical Thinking) What are the aspects of critical thinking? -respect evidence and reasoning, etc.) ✔✔- Dispositions (Skeptical, open-minded,
- Criteria (conditions that meet what is being judged)
- Argument (statement or proposition with supporting evidence)Reasoning (ability to infer a conclusion)
- Point of view (viewing phenomena from many points of view) (Critical Thinking) What is emotional intelligence? -understand what they're telling you, and realize how your emotions affect people around you. ✔✔The ability to recognize your emotions,
(Critical Thinking) What are the characteristics of emotional intelligence? -- Self-Regulation ✔✔- Self-Awareness
- Empathy
- Social Skills (Critical Thinking) What are some ways to improve emotional intelligence? -to people ✔✔- Observe how you react
- Look at your work environment
- Do a self-evaluationExamine how you react to stressful situations
- Take responsibility for your actionsExamine how your actions will affect others
(Critical Thinking) What is multiple intelligence? -minds and therefore learn, remember, perform, and understand in different ways. ✔✔The theory that people possess different kinds of
(Ethics) What are the fundamentals to effective policing? - ✔✔Integrity and Ethics (Ethics) What is an ethical dilemma? -course of action, has difficulty doing what they consider to be right and finds the wrong choice very ✔✔A situation in which an individual does not know the right tempting (Ethics) What are the five "I's" of police profession? -- Intellect ✔✔- Integrity
- Impact (Ethics) What is moral commitment? -otherwise. ✔✔The fortitude to do the right thing in face of pressures to act
(Ethics) What does the public expect law enforcement to be? - ✔✔- Fair
(Ethics) What are some ethical theories? -- Utilitarianism ✔✔- Virtual ethics
- KantianismContract theory
- Care ethics (Ethics) What are the four documents that are the foundational principles for establishing clear ethicalguidelines within a police department? - ✔✔- Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
- Oath of Honor
- Law Enforcement Code of ConductCanons of Police Ethics
(Ethics) What are barriers to ethical decision making? -- Rationalization ✔✔- Over-Investment
- Peer PressureSlippery Slope
(Ethics) What is the ethical model of the position of advantage? -- O: What are my options? ✔✔- P: Is it permissible?
- A: What will the aftermath be? (Ethics) What is the A.S.C.T. model? - ✔✔- Alternatives
- Telling
A model for ethical decision making (Ethics) What is PLUS? -- Legal ✔✔- Policies
- UniversalSelf It is ethical filters (Radio) How do you prepare the Radio for your shift? - ✔✔- Fully charged
- Condition: Antenna, Collar mic, Earpiece (Radio) These individuals are the lifeline for a responding officer, and the information conveyed may bethe difference between survival and tragedy. - ✔✔Dispatchers
(Radio) How should you hold the microphone or handheld radio? -your lips at a 45-degree angle ✔✔Hold it approximately 1 inch from
(Radio) What are barriers to radio communication? - ✔✔- Noise
(Radio) What are general radio broadcasts? -- Suspect descriptions ✔✔- Missing persons
- Stolen Vehicles (Cultural Competency) Define culture. - ✔✔the learned pattern of behavior of any group of people. (Cultural Competency) What is ethnicity? -national group. ✔✔A social identification with a particular religious, racial or
(PCS) Active listening can be divided into three basic skills: - ✔✔- Attending skills
- Following skillsResponding skills
(PCS) What does the word attending mean? -form of non-verbal communication. ✔✔Give your attention physically and mentally which is a
(PCS) What are examples of appropriate body language to show you are listening? -person ✔✔- Face the other
- Slightly lean your body toward the speakerMaintain an open position
- Maintain an appropriate distance What are some techniques for following skills/being a good listener? -openers" ✔✔- Using effective "door
- Using simple words and phrases to encourage the person to talk
- Asking open questionsUsing silence effectively
(PCS) Why is paraphrasing a good technique? -helps the person feel that the listener is truly paying attention, and it exposes exaggeration. ✔✔Helps reduce the likelihood of misunderstandings,
What are some effective guidelines for asking questions? -and direction of your questioning ✔✔- When appropriate, explain the purpose
- Maintain good eye contact with the person
- Make sure body language and other non-verbal cues match your words (PCS) What is the best way to make a request of someone? -than to tell someone to do something. ✔✔Ask someone to do something rather
(PCS) What are the three steps of the basic contact model? - ✔✔- Opening
- Information gatheringResolution
(Con Law) What are four sources of law? -- Statute ✔✔- Constitution
- Case lawAdministrative law
(Con law) What is a constitution? - ✔✔Document that establishes the government of a nation or a state. (Con law) What is a statute? - ✔✔Federal or state law enacted by elected members of the legislature. (Con law) What is a case law? - ✔✔Law created by the judiciary as a result of interpreting existing laws. (Con law) What is an administrative law? -policies and procedures, hearings, and appeals hear by the agencies ✔✔Created by administrative agencies, including regulations,
(Con law) What are the three branches of government? - ✔✔- Legislative
(Con law) What does the legislative branch do? -has the authority to declare war. It includes congress (senate and house of reps) ✔✔Confirms or rejects presidential appointments and
(Con law) What does the executive branch do? -vp, cabinet, executive depart.. etc. ✔✔Carries out and enforces laws. includes president,
(Con law) The Wisconsin court system is what branch of government in Wisconsin? - ✔✔Third (Con law) A crime is conduct which is prohibited by- ✔✔- State law and punishable by or or both.
- Fine
- Imprisonment (Con law) Conduct punishable only by is not a crime. - ✔✔Forfeiture (Con law) What is criminal complaint? -facts sufficient to support a finding of probable cause to support charges. (Reviewed by magistrate to ✔✔Legal document setting forth law violated (the charges) and determine sufficiency) (Con law) When is a criminal complaint issued? -which a LEO provides complaint information to DA. ✔✔It is issued when there is a criminal proceeding
(Con law) Which court is considered the "error-correcting" court? - ✔✔Wisconsin Court of Appeals (Con law) Under which U.S. code does it define "Indian Country"? - ✔✔18 U.S. Code, Section 1511 (Con law) What criminal matters are handled by Tribal jurisdiction? - ✔✔Misdemeanors (Con law) How many federally recognized tribes are in Wisconsin? - ✔✔ 11 (Con law) Who passes criminal laws? - ✔✔By state legislature (Con law) What does "Beyond a Reasonable Doubt" mean? -affirm a conviction in a criminal case. Evidence must be so strong that there is no reasonable doubt that ✔✔The legal burden of proof required to the defendant committed the crime.
(Con law) Who does the burden of proof fall on in civil cases? - ✔✔The plaintiff (Con law) Who does the burden of proof falls on in criminal cases? - ✔✔The prosecution (Con law) What does the presumption of innocence outline? -their innocence. The law presumes every person charged with the commission of an offense to be ✔✔Defendants are not required to prove innocent. (Con law) What is the highest standard of proof in any judicial proceeding? - ✔✔Reasonable doubt (Con law) What amendments back up beyond a reasonable doubt? -5th amendment and 14th amendment ✔✔The "due process clause" of the
(Con law) What is the standard of proof in civil litigation and municipal court? -"preponderance of evidence" or proof by "clear and convincing evidence". ✔✔proof by a
(Con law) What is the burden of proof for temporary detention? - ✔✔Reasonable suspicion (Con law) What is the burden of proof for a frisk? - ✔✔Detention & danger of physical injury (Con law) What is the burden of proof for arrest? - ✔✔Probable cause (Con law) What is criminal procedure? -person who is convicted of a criminal violation is the person who committed the violation. ✔✔Rules designed by legislature and courts to ensure that the
(Con law) Criminal charges usually originate in one of two ways: -cause ✔✔- LEO makes an arrest on probable
- DA files a criminal complaint before the person charged (the defendant) is in custody. (Con law) What are the factors of criminal procedure? - ✔✔- Case initiated by filing of charges
