Phases of Matter, Lecture notes of Chemistry

Download Phases of Matter and more Lecture notes Chemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

Phases of Matter

Aim: What are the properties of the phases of matter?

Phases of Matter

Phases of Matter- Water changes Microscopic Phase Views Play to 3:

Why does matter exist in different phases?

Predicting the Phase of Matter

To determine the phase of matter:

• Identify the current temperature for the state of matter.
• Compare this temperature to the melting point and

boiling point of the substance.

• Temperature lower than MP ; phase= solid
• Temperature between MP and BP; phase= liquid
• Temperature above MP and BP; phase= gas Mercury has a MP of 234 K and a BP of 630. K therefore at 298 K (room temperature) it is a liquid. Oxygen has a MP of 54 K and a BP of 90. K therefore at 298 K (room temperature) it is a gas. Gold has a MP of 1337 K and a BP of 3129. K therefore at 298 K (room temperature) it is a liquid.

Solids

Solids: particles vibrating in a fixed regular geometric pattern. (Crystal lattice structure) Most elements exist as solids at STP. Most metals are solids at STP except for Mercury. Nonmetal solids- C,P, S, I 2 Metalloid solids- B, Si, Ge, As, Sb and Te.

Gases

Gases: particles that move in constant, random, straight-line motion. LARGE amount of space between particles. 11 gaseous elements: H 2

, N

2

, O

2 , Cl 2

, F

2 and the noble gases (Group 18: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn).

Phases of the Elements

Solids liquids gases