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Philosophy Critical Reasoning Exam: Exercises and Answers, Exams of Reasoning

Miami University – HamiltonReasoning

A series of exercises and answers related to critical reasoning in philosophy. It covers various logical fallacies, including circular reasoning, appeal to the crowd, appeal to pity, genetic fallacy, innuendo, appeal to questionable authority, flattery, ad hominem, begging the question, special pleading, no true scotsman, non-sequitor, weasel word/equivocation, appeal to tradition, threat, guilt by association, and more. It also includes exercises on deductive and inductive reasoning, disjunctive syllogism, hypothetical syllogism, modus tollens, dilemma, modus ponens, reduction ad absurdum, denying the antecedent, and affirming the consequent.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 11/06/2024

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Philosophy Critical Reasoning Exam with correct
answers
Circular Reasoning - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔P because Q and Q because P
Argument goes in a circle.
Appeal to the Crowd - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Most of expert crowd agrees
on something that is right.
Appeal to Pity - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Compassionate to do something,
therefore you should.
Genetic Fallacy - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Argue against something by saying
has a bad origin.
Innuendo - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Use words to imply something without
actually saying it.
Appeal to Questionable Authority - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Non-expert
(biologist talks about philosophy0
Flattery - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔Build up person you are arguing with.
Ad Hominem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔talking about person/personal attack.
Contradicting between person's argument, inconsistent.
Begging the Question - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS **✔✔If P therefore P. Exclude
Opponents position automatically.
pf3

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Philosophy Critical Reasoning Exam with correct

answers

Circular Reasoning - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ P because Q and Q because P Argument goes in a circle. Appeal to the Crowd - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Most of expert crowd agrees on something that is right. Appeal to Pity - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Compassionate to do something, therefore you should. Genetic Fallacy - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Argue against something by saying has a bad origin. Innuendo - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Use words to imply something without actually saying it. Appeal to Questionable Authority - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Non-expert (biologist talks about philosophy Flattery - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Build up person you are arguing with. Ad Hominem - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ talking about person/personal attack. Contradicting between person's argument, inconsistent. Begging the Question - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ If P therefore P. Exclude Opponents position automatically.

Special Pleading - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Agree something is a rule, but ignore it in their case. No true Scotsman - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Make a generalization about group, then exclude the person because they are different. Non-Sequitor - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Perfect premises then jump to conclusion Weasel Word/Equivocation - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Over course of an argument meaning of word changes over time. Appeal to Tradition - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ We've always done this, so we should always do this. Threat - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Believe me or else. Guilt by Association - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ take argument then say that you shouldn't agree with that person and try to influence opponent to join your side. Inductive - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Meant to raise probability of conclusion is true, not truth preserving, expand knowledge Deductive - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ Truth preserving, draw implications of knowledge Disjunctive Syllogism - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ P or Q Not P Therefore, Q Hypothetical Syllogism - ** VERIFIED ANSWERS ** ✔✔ If P then Q