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Phlebotomy AMCA Test Review WITH 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS EXAM 1 EXAM
QUESTIONS | 100% CORRECT ANSWERS |
VERIFIED | LATEST 2025/2026 VERSION
Whole blood consists of - CORRECT ANSWERS Mostly water 92%
Blood cells responsible for gas exchange - CORRECT ANSWERS RBC
Professional negligence - CORRECT ANSWERS Malpractice
Most important thing to keep in mind during our daily routine as phlebotomist - CORRECT ANSWERS Confidentiality
Which department performs chemical screening tests on urine specimen - CORRECT ANSWERS Urinalysis
Which department monitors warfarin(blood thinner/anticoagulant) therapy - CORRECT ANSWERS Coagulation
Blood cell responsible for immunity and defense - CORRECT ANSWERS WBC
Liquid portion of the blood specimen without an anticoagulant is known as - CORRECT ANSWERS Serum
Sanitation - CORRECT ANSWERS The scrubbing of instruments with special brushes and detergents.
Disinfection - CORRECT ANSWERS The use of chemical germicides, 1:10 bleach solutions, and alcohol. Equipment is soaked and wiped clean. Kills microorganisms, it is not effective in destroying spores or some viruses.
Sterilization - CORRECT ANSWERS Involves killing all microorganisms, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic. This is often accomplished through use of an autoclave, producing heat sterilization through steam and pressure.
Which blood test includes WBC, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit - CORRECT ANSWERS CBC
Most common blood type - CORRECT ANSWERS O
Petechiae - CORRECT ANSWERS Small, red, smooth, hemorrhagic spots appearing on a patient's skin, which indicates that minute amounts of blood have leaked in the skin epithelium. Caused by applying the tourniquet too tightly.
Hemoconcentration - CORRECT ANSWERS A decrease in the plasma volume with an increased concentration of cells and molecules may be caused by prolonged tourniquet application, or massaging, squeezing, or probing a site.
Tourniquet applied for more than 3 min what will become elevated - CORRECT ANSWERS Potassium
Patient Identification cannot be done by - CORRECT ANSWERS Checking the chart
Patient Identification - CORRECT ANSWERS Ask the patient to state and spell their name and date of birth, Checking their armband.
Common venipuncture site area - CORRECT ANSWERS Antecubital area of the arm
A single order that is administered immediately and usually written for emergencies is known as - CORRECT ANSWERS STAT order
Misidentifying a patient while obtaining a blood specimen for transfusion preparation - CORRECT ANSWERS Negligence
A phlebotomy QA procedure - CORRECT ANSWERS Checking needles for blunt tips and small barbs
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation, infectious disease, malignant neoplasms. Results: Males: 0-20 mm/hr, Females: 0-30 mm/hr
How to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to an off site lab - CORRECT ANSWERS Seal tubes in plastic bag
Negligence - CORRECT ANSWERS A violation of a duty to exercise reasonable skill and care while performing a task
Example of negligence - CORRECT ANSWERS Fails to report significant change in a patient's condition
Specimen least likely to require special handling - CORRECT ANSWERS Cholesterol
Critical values are also known as - CORRECT ANSWERS Panic values (considered life threatening)
Pre-analytical error related to specimen storage - CORRECT ANSWERS Exposure to light to prevent the analyte from breaking down, cooling to slow metabolic process in the specimen, transport at body temperature 37℃ to prevent precipitation or agglutination.
Transmission-Based Precautions used for a patient who has measles, tuberculosis, and varicella - CORRECT ANSWERS Airborne
Transmission-Based Precautions used for a patient who has viral diseases: adenovirus, influenza, mumps, Parvovirus 1319, and rubella or bacterial diseases:Pertussis, pneumonia, and Haemophilus influenzae type b - CORRECT ANSWERS Droplet
Transmission-Based Precautions used for someone who has skin infections: Diphtheria and Herpes simplex virus, Enteric infections: Clostridium difficile. Escherichia coli (E. Coil), Shigella, hepatitis A, rotavirus - CORRECT ANSWERS Contact
Recovering from a virus and having antibodies - CORRECT ANSWERS Immune
Hemolysis - CORRECT ANSWERS This occurs when RBC's are lysed; hemoglobin is released and serum, which is normally straw colored, becomes tinged with pink or red. Caused by drawing blood too quickly into a syringe, excessively or vigorously inverting tubes after collection, and using too small a needle with respect to vein size.
The lab abbreviation PT stands for - CORRECT ANSWERS Prothrombin time
How does heparin prevent blood from clotting - CORRECT ANSWERS By inhibiting thrombin
Purpose of an antiglycolytic agent - CORRECT ANSWERS Preserves glucose
A patient with high degree of jaundice - CORRECT ANSWERS Yellow skin and sclera
What is lymphostasis - CORRECT ANSWERS Obstruction of lymph flow
Venous stasis - CORRECT ANSWERS Stoppage of the normal venous blood flow
How is blood type determined? - CORRECT ANSWERS Whether or not an antigen is present in the red blood cells
Antecubital veins - CORRECT ANSWERS Median cubital (1st choice), cephalic (2nd choice), basilic (last choice)
Largest needle size - CORRECT ANSWERS 18 gauge
Smallest needle size - CORRECT ANSWERS 25 gauge
Who regulates the quality of gloves worn while performing phlebotomy procedures - CORRECT ANSWERS FDA
Which department receives light blue tubes - CORRECT ANSWERS Coagulation
Tourniquet on no longer than - CORRECT ANSWERS 1 minute
Release the tourniquet - CORRECT ANSWERS As soon as the blood is flowing freely.
The arm with the IV line should not be used for venipuncture because - CORRECT ANSWERS The specimen will be diluted with IV fluid.
If a blood alcohol is requested - CORRECT ANSWERS Do not use alcohol for skin cleansing because it may interfere with test results.
PKU - CORRECT ANSWERS A hereditary inability to metabolize phenylalanine
Strict skin antisepsis using iodine tincture or chlorhexidine gluconate - CORRECT ANSWERS Blood cultures
"Special" chain of custody is needed for this test - CORRECT ANSWERS Drug screening
Hormone detected in pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWERS HCG
The tube containing heparin (green) is drawn in the middle of - CORRECT ANSWERS Serum (gold) and EDTA (lavender)
Fluid obtained by lumbar puncture - CORRECT ANSWERS Cerebrospinal
A urine C & S is typically ordered to detect - CORRECT ANSWERS UTI symptoms and must be a mid- stream clean catch specimen.
Proper centrifuge operation - CORRECT ANSWERS Place tubes of equal size and volume opposite one another
Blood study that includes examining the blood for It's total number of formed elements and cell morphology - CORRECT ANSWERS Hematology
Type of analysis used when processing blood for blood donor screening and transfusion - CORRECT ANSWERS Immunohematology
Normal value range for hematocrit reading in Females - CORRECT ANSWERS 37-47%
Normal value range for hematocrit reading in Males - CORRECT ANSWERS 40-52%
Most common dermal puncture site on an adult - CORRECT ANSWERS Ring finger
Lowering risk of bruising after venipuncture by - CORRECT ANSWERS Applying pressure to site
After washing hands, putting on PPE, and assembling equipment what should be done - CORRECT ANSWERS Identify the patient
Using a blood pressure cuff as a tourniquet it should be inflated to - CORRECT ANSWERS 40mmHg
A patient's right to refuse a medical procedure - CORRECT ANSWERS Bill of rights
Which color tube will produce serum after being centrifuged - CORRECT ANSWERS Red, Tiger, Gold
Angle for antecubital blood draw - CORRECT ANSWERS 15-30 degrees
Preferred method of draw draw for a hand venipuncture - CORRECT ANSWERS Butterfly
Fibrin Degradation Products (FDPs) would be sent to which department? - CORRECT ANSWERS Coagulation
Department in the hospital that is responsible for sterile supplies - CORRECT ANSWERS Central supply
A heel puncture should NOT be performed after what age - CORRECT ANSWERS 12 months or after walking
Tourniquet should be applied how far above site - CORRECT ANSWERS 3-4 inches
Biopsy tissue would be sent to which department? - CORRECT ANSWERS Pathology
A patient starts to sweat, look pale, and complaining of blurred vision it could be a sign of - CORRECT ANSWERS Vasovagal syncope (A sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure leading to fainting)
PTT (Partial thromboplastin time) and INR (aka Prothrombin Time) - CORRECT ANSWERS Can be tested bedside using point of care instruments
CBC is collected in a lavender tube and analyzed as - CORRECT ANSWERS Whole blood specimen
What carries blood away from the heart? - CORRECT ANSWERS Arteries
What carries blood to the heart? - CORRECT ANSWERS Veins
Fasting glucose normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS 74-100 mg/dL
Sodium (Na+) Normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS 136-145 mEq/L
Potassium (K+) Normal range - CORRECT ANSWERS Males: 3.5-4.5 mEq/L Females: 3.4 - 4.4 mEq/L
The substance inside a serum separator tube is called - CORRECT ANSWERS Thixotropic Gel
ESR test is collected in what tube? - CORRECT ANSWERS Lavender
Position which includes patient laying on their back with their head and torso raised between 15- degrees - CORRECT ANSWERS Semi Fowler
Sputum samples are typically collected from what secretions - CORRECT ANSWERS Mucus or phlegm that is ejected from the trachea, bronchi, and lungs through deep coughing for diagnosis or monitoring of lower respiratory tract infections.
QNS - CORRECT ANSWERS Quantity non-sufficient
FBS - CORRECT ANSWERS Fasting blood sugar
Max time serum can sit out - CORRECT ANSWERS 2 hours
Tube color to use for Hepatic (liver) function panel (ALT, albumin, alkaline phosphates, AST, total bilirubin, total protein) - CORRECT ANSWERS Red
What color tube for serum pregnancy HCG test - CORRECT ANSWERS Red
Can you over or under fill a light blue tube - CORRECT ANSWERS No, it needs to be a 9:1 ratio
CPR on adult - CORRECT ANSWERS 30 Compressions; 2 Breaths
What color tube for thyroid testing - CORRECT ANSWERS Tiger top/ red
How to differentiate patients with the same last name - CORRECT ANSWERS Accession number
Where do we get sterile supplies from - CORRECT ANSWERS Central supply
If an EDTA tube is drawn before the red, gold, or green topped tube - CORRECT ANSWERS The Potassium (K) and sodium (Na) electrolyte determinations may be falsely elevated and the calcium determinations may be falsely decreased.
Biopsy goes to what department? - CORRECT ANSWERS Pathology
Who sets standards for electronic health care? - CORRECT ANSWERS HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) - CORRECT ANSWERS U.S. federal law that protects security, privacy, and confidentiality of personal electronic or other health information.
Department for CBC - CORRECT ANSWERS Hematology
Blood collected in a vacuum tube with EDTA would be used for - CORRECT ANSWERS Hematology tests
Electrolyte panel - CORRECT ANSWERS Sodium, potassium, chloride, and CO
What can remain on surfaces if not properly cleaned/disinfected? - CORRECT ANSWERS Hepatitis B (at least 7 days-CDC) and HPV
TB testing procedure - CORRECT ANSWERS Clean surface of patient's forearm with alcohol. Administered using an automatic device or inject 0.1 mL of antigen using a tuberculin syringe at 15 degrees just under the skin. Schedule a return visit 48-72 hours to interpret any skin reaction.
Adding too little blood to a light blue sodium citrate tube can cause what? - CORRECT ANSWERS Prolonged clotting times
Hematoma - CORRECT ANSWERS Occurs when blood is leaking into the surrounding tissues. Caused by advancing the needle too far or at the wrong angle, causing it to go through the vein, by failing to apply appropriate pressure after needle withdrawal, or by bending the arm at the antecubital area after needle withdrawal, and removing the needle before removing the tourniquet
Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act - CORRECT ANSWERS Enforced by the HHS Office for Civil Rights (OCR). Increased the enforcement of the privacy and security of electronic transmission and health information, made business associates directly liable for compliance with HIPAA, prohibited the sale of PHI without the patient's authorization.and created a tiered violation categories: unknowing, reasonable cause, willful neglect-corrected, and willful neglect- uncorrected.
Bleeding Time Test (BT) - CORRECT ANSWERS Performed on the forearm and uses a blood pressure cuff inflated to 40 mm Hg. Phlebotomist will use an automated incision device to puncture skin and will use filter paper to blot the blood drops. This is a timed test, and the phlebotomist will blot blood every 30 seconds until the patient stops bleeding.
Medications that can cause excessive bleeding - CORRECT ANSWERS Aspirin, heparin, warfarin (Coumadin).
Fingernails - CORRECT ANSWERS Do not wear artificial nails or extenders when collecting blood from patients in high-risk hospital areas (e.g., intensive care unit, premature nursery). Keep natural fingernails less than 1/4-inch long.
Defamation - CORRECT ANSWERS Is injuring a person's name and reputation by making false statements to a third person.
Libel - CORRECT ANSWERS Making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures.
Slander - CORRECT ANSWERS Making false statements orally.
Invasion of privacy - CORRECT ANSWERS Violating a person's right not to have his or her private affairs exposed.
Fraud - CORRECT ANSWERS Saying or doing something to trick, fool, or deceive a person.
Assault - CORRECT ANSWERS Intentionally attempting to touch or threaten a person's body without their consent.
Battery - CORRECT ANSWERS Touching a person's body without their consent.
Informed consent - CORRECT ANSWERS When the person clearly understands what is going to be done.
Implied consent - CORRECT ANSWERS Occurs when the patient's nonverbal behavior indicates agreement.
Collapsed vein - CORRECT ANSWERS Too strong of a vacuum on a small vein may cause the vein to collapse. To prevent this from occurring, use smaller tubes if possible, or when using the syringe system, pull the plunger gently and slowly.
Using a heating pad can increase blood flow by ___ times - CORRECT ANSWERS 7
A heating pad can only stay on site for ___ minutes - CORRECT ANSWERS 3-
Tests that require chilling by the use of an ice water slurry (mixture of ice and water) - CORRECT ANSWERS Ammonia (green top), Blood gasses, Catecholamines, Gastrin, Lactic Acid (gray top), Parathyroid hormone, and Pyruvate.
Glycolytic Inhibitor Tube - CORRECT ANSWERS Gray top Additives used are sodium fluoride, a preservative that inhibits glycolic action, and potassium oxalate, an anticoagulant that binds calcium. Commonly used for glucose tolerance, blood alcohol, and lactic acid measurement.
Patients with IVs, if no alternate site is available, follow these guidelines: - CORRECT ANSWERS Ask the nurse to turn off the IV drip and wait until the medication clears the line, Select a vein that is distal to the IV site. Collection should not be taken from the same vein that has the IV, The first 5mL of blood should be discarded, When the venipuncture is complete, ask the nurse to restart the IV, Document that the blood was drawn from an arm with an IV line.
Dermal puncture is advisable when obtaining blood from the following types of patients: - CORRECT ANSWERS Children, especially those younger than 2 years of age, Geriatric patients with small, fragile veins, Obese patients, whose veins are difficult to find or access, Patients at risk for serious complications associated with deep venous puncture (such as iatrogenic anemia, hemorrhage, etc.), Patients at risk of venous thrombosis, Patients with burns or scars over venipuncture sites, and Patients requiring frequent glucose monitoring.
Guidelines for accurate specimen labeling - CORRECT ANSWERS Patient's full name, Patient's ID number (if applicable), Time and date of collection, Phlebotomist's initials.
