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PHN (UPLB, LEARND, CHNI EXAMS/QUIZZES)
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Based on the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs), energy from fat as a percentage of total energy for adults should be within the range? a. 0-10% b. 10-20% c. 20-35% d. 35-50% - ✔✔c. 20-35% The tolerable upper intake level (UL) is the largest daily nutrient intake shown to harbor no adverse side effects to _____: a. Half the individuals in a particular age or gender group b. A Large majority of individuals in a particular age or gender group c. Everyone in a particular age or gender group d. None of the above - ✔✔b. A Large majority of individuals in a particular age or gender grouP Which one of the following statements is incorrect? a. According to the Plate model, cereals and starchy foods should comprise one-third of the diet b. According to the Plate model, meat, fish and alternatives should comprise one third of the diet c. The statement "Eat lots of fruits and vegetables is a food-based dietary guideline d. The statement "Eat less sodium no more than 2g/day is not a food-based dietary guideline - ✔✔b. According to the Plate model, meat, fish and alternatives should comprise one third of the diet Nutritional deficiency is usually initiated by; a. Inadequate dietary intake of one or more nutrients b. Illness c. Low Income
d. None of the above - ✔✔a. Inadequate dietary intake of one or more nutrients Following the stages of developing nutrient deficiency, what is the appropriate method for the first stage? a. Anthropometry b. Dietary c. Clinical d. Biochemical - ✔✔b. Dietary Include factors that influence health: biological, chemical, physical, social, cultural, economic, genetic and behavioral. a. Determinants b. Distribution c. Health-related states and events d. Application - ✔✔a. Determinants The theoretical or conceptual framework for the research defines the boundaries of your problem; and is used to develop a perspective in which the factual and conceptual elements become interconnected into a logical structure of relationships. Which one of the following is false? a. Both theoretical and conceptual frameworks consist of facts and explanation which proceed from the understanding of the knowledge about a problem. b. Theoretical framework presents the theory from which your research problem was derived c. In the conceptual framework you present the relationship between the specific concepts for study d. In formulating conceptual framework, you may look at the various theories upon which you can base your study - ✔✔d. In formulating conceptual framework, you may look at the various theories upon which you can base your study Research design should be accurate. This means: a. unbiased, unprejudiced, detached, impersonal b. there are relatively agreed-upon defined traits or boundaries which specify what kind of things or boundaries you study
d. Research design - ✔✔b. Reductionism in research What is the over-all goal of nutritional epidemiology? a. To monitor the food consumption, nutrient intake and nutritional status of a population b. To assess the strength of diet-disease associations c. To contribute to the prevention of disease and the improvement of public health d. To generate new hypotheses about diet and disease - ✔✔c. To contribute to the prevention of disease and the improvement of public health What study design will you use to determine the relation of wealth status (rich, middle class) and fruit intake (in grams) per day. a. Cross-sectional b. Cohort c. Case series d. Case control - ✔✔a. Cross-sectional What statistical test will you use in the study particularly if the data is normally distributed? a. Test b. ANOVA c. Chi-square test d. Mann-Whitney - ✔✔b. ANOVA Refers to a phenomenon which is thought to occur when people observed during a research study temporarily change their behavior or performance a. Ecologi fallacy b. Systematic error c. Hawthorne d. Placebo effect - ✔✔c. Hawthorne
This means making up data, experiments or, other significant information in proposing, conducting, or reporting research a. Falsification b. Fabrication c. Plagiarism d. None of the above - ✔✔b. Fabrication Which of the following is not a nutritional exposure? a. Physical activity b. Coffee Intake c. IQ score d. Reading food labels - ✔✔c. IQ score Interpret the results of correlation between abdominal circumference and HDL cholesterol level: r = 0.16, P= 0.002. a. There is a significant correlation between abdominal circumference and HDL cholesterol level b. There is no correlation between abdominal circumference and HDL cholesterol level, and it is likely that our result is caused by play of chance c. Abdominal circumference measurement may predict HDL cholesterol measurement d. There is no correlation between abdominal circumference and HDL cholesterol level, and a is unlikely that our result is caused by play of chance - ✔✔d. There is no correlation between abdominal circumference and HDL cholesterol level, and a is unlikely that our result is caused by play of chance Which of the following is false.. a. The tests of significance deal with probability not certainty b. The tests of significance enable the researcher to know for sure that the researcher's analysis is correct c. Generally speaking, a parametric test of significance should be used when the data represent interval or ratio scale d. As a researcher decreases the chances of committing a Type I error, the researcher increases the probability of committing a Type II error - ✔✔B. The tests of significance enable the researcher to know for sure that the researcher's analysis is correct
a. Assessor b. Organizer c. Implementer d. Educator - ✔✔a. Assessor The main role of public health nutritionist is a. Nutrition program planner and manager b. Diet Counselor c. Foodservice manager d. All of the above - ✔✔a. Nutrition program planner and manager A function of public health nutritionist which focuses on financial management and organizing the personnel who are involve in nutrition program implementation. a. Program planner b. Program organizer c. Program implementer d. Program administrator - ✔✔d. Program administrator When was the first nutrition survey released? a. 1910 b. 1920 c. 1930 d. 1940 - ✔✔a. 1910 Who was the first secretary of Department of Health and Welfare? a. Dr. Jose Fabella b. Dr. Francisco O Santos c. Dr. Juan Salcedo, Jr. d. Dr. Coronado R. Pascual - ✔✔a. Dr. Jose Fabella
Who was the first president of Philippine Association of Nutrition? a. Dr. Jose Fabella b. Dr. Francisco O. Santos c. Dr. Juan Salcedo, Jr. d. Dr. Coronado R. Pascual - ✔✔b. Dr. Francisco O. Santos The primary building substance of cell is: a. Water b. Protein c. Fats d. Carbohydrates - ✔✔a. Water The lowest level of structural organization of the living human body a. Cellular level b. Tissue level c. Organ level d. Chemical level - ✔✔d. Chemical level A cell region acts as a selective barrier to the movement of substances into and out of the cell. a. Nucleus b. Cytoplasm c. Plasma membrane d. Ribosome - ✔✔c. Plasma membrane Age period characterized by rapid differentiation and establishment of systems and organs: a. Embryonic b. Early feral
a. Luteinizing hormone b. Chorionic gonadotropin c. Placental lactogen d. Follicle-stimulating hormone - ✔✔b. Chorionic gonadotropin The nutritional requirements are increased during pregnancy to: a. To meet the nutrient needs of the growing fetus, other matemat tes b. To build reserves in preparation of delivery and lactation c. A and B are both TRUE d. A and B are both FALSE - ✔✔c. A and B are both TRUE Possible consequences of iodine deficiency during pregnancy. a. Low birth weight b. Stillbirth c. Miscarriage d. Cretinism - ✔✔d. Cretinism The following are dietary management for morning sickness during pregnancy EXCEPT: a. Frequent small meals b. Dry toast or crackers c. Citrus juice, water, milk, coffee or tea if experiencing nausea d. Avoidance of foods with offensive odors - ✔✔c. Citrus juice, water, milk, coffee or tea if experiencing nausea What is the process of milk synthesis and secretion of the mammary gland? a. Lactation b. Lactogenesis c. All of the above d. None of the above - ✔✔b. Lactogenesis
The following are hormones of lactation EXCEPT: a. Prolactin b. Estrogen c. Oxytocin d. Insulin - ✔✔d. Insulin Which of the following is NOT true about human milk composition? a. the composition of human milk is dependent of the state of the mother's nutrition b. Composition of human milk varies from one human to another c. Human milk consists of a solution of protein, sugar and salts d. The human milk is a solution in which a variety of fatty compounds are suspended - ✔✔a. the composition of human milk is dependent of the state of the mother's nutrition Which is true about the amino acids in human milk? a. Rich in taurine b. Higher in methionine and lower in cysteine c. High in phenylalanine and tyrosine d. All of the above - ✔✔a. Rich in taurine The human milk has a high concentration of the following minerals EXCEPT: a. Calcium b. Potassium c. Iron d. Phosphorus - ✔✔c. Iron An anti-infectious factor in human milk that protects the integrity of the GIT epithelium: a. Bifidusfactor b. Lactoperoxidase
Based on the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMC) color-coded triage system, what color indicates urgent hospital referral or admission? a. Green b. Yellow c. Red d. Pink - ✔✔d. Pink The following are normal food behaviors of preschool children EXCEPT: a. Erratic appetite b. Unpredictable appetite c. Food rituals are common d. Preference for sweet and spicy foods - ✔✔d. Preference for sweet and spicy foods To meet the dietary allowances of the preschool children, the following are TRUE except: a. Provide meals with a variety of foods in amounts sufficient to satisfy the appetite b. Offering nutritious snacks in the middle of the morning and afternoon, especially to active children c. A and B are both TRUE d. A and B are both FALSE - ✔✔c. A and B are both TRUE One of the typical nutritional problems among preschool children characterized by loss of subcutaneous fat and gross muscle wasting: a. Parasitism b. PEM c. Edema d. Hyperkinesis - ✔✔b. PEM The period shortly after a slow growth period when the weight and height gains are likely to be faster than expected for age and gender. a. Growth spurt b. Catch-up growth
c. All of the above d. None of the above - ✔✔b. Catch-up growth The protein requirement of children is: a. Relatively higher in relation to the body weight than those in adults b. Relatively lower in relation to the body weight than those in adults c. A and B are both TRUE d. A and B are both FALSE - ✔✔a. Relatively higher in relation to the body weight than those in adults The process of physical development from child to adult and refers to the maturation of the body. a. Adolescence b. Pubescence c. Puberty d. Maturity - ✔✔c. Puberty Which is not true about brain development during school age? a. Rapid growth of the brain and head b. Slowing down of growth of the brain and head c. Brain growth is essentially complete during school age d. All of the above - ✔✔a. Rapid growth of the brain and head All are feeding problems prevalent in preschool-age EXCEPT: a. Food jags b. Dawdling c. Gaging d. Meal skipping - ✔✔d. Meal skipping A psychological eating disorder that is also known as "George and Purge."
An approach to health and well-being which focuses on identifying risk factors and prevention to minimize risk. a. Traditional approach b. Wellness approach c. Preventive approach d. Avoidance approach - ✔✔c. Preventive approach A branch of science dealing with the psychological, social, economic, physiological and medical aspects of aging. a. Geriatrics b. Gerontology c. Healthy aging d. Nutrigenomics - ✔✔b. Gerontology This theory of aging attributes aging to chemical and mechanical exhaustion of cells. a. Clinker theory b. Wear-and-tear theory c. Somatic mutation theory d. Cross-linkage theory - ✔✔b. Wear-and-tear theory A theory of aging where cells are inactivated or defective as a result of errors in DNA replication. a. Genetic theory b. Wear-and-tear theory c. Somatic mutation theory d. Cross-linkage theory - ✔✔a. Somatic mutation theory Which behavior change theory/model is best to use if the community members are interested to be involved in the nutrition programs because they believe that they will benefit to the program? a. Precaution Adoption Process Model
b. Health Belief Model c. Theory of Planned Behavior d. Self-determination Theory - ✔✔c. Theory of Planned Behavior In promotion of healthy lifestyle, which behavior change theory/model is best to use if the community members are eager to participate in Zumba sessions because they are fond of dancing. a. Precaution Adoption Process Model b. Health Belief Model c. Theory of Planned Behavior d. Self-determination Theory - ✔✔d. Self-determination Theory Which is an example of non-verbal communication? a. Tone of voice b. Maps c. Traffic signals d. Reports - ✔✔a. Tone of voice In conducting mental feeding to daycare students, which nutrition education material is best to use? a. Diorama b. Comics c. Caricature d. Cartoons - ✔✔d. Cartoons It is a process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their own health status. a. Nutrition education b. Social mobilization c. Health promotion d. Social networking - ✔✔c. Health promotion
b. Group discussion c. Mass media d. Social marketing - ✔✔a. Nutrition counseling What is an example of a tertiary audience? a. Mothers of malnourished children b. Barangay health workers c. Daycare workers d. Religious leaders - ✔✔d. Religious leaders International agreement signed at the First International Conference on Health Promotion, organized by the WHO. It is the first of its type to consider all determinants of health and not just the absence of the disease. a. Zero Hunger Challenge b. Ottawa Charter c. Rome Declaration d. World Food Summit - ✔✔b. Ottawa Charter What is the element of learning that involves preparedness of a person to handle change in behavior? a. Situation b. Interpretation c. Reaction to thwarting d. Readiness - ✔✔d. Readiness "I can exercise" in social psychological theory is an example of: a. Subjective norm b. Self-efficacy c. Goal Intention - ✔✔b. Self-efficacy
Something that would prevent an individual from carrying out a recommended response or action. a. Threat b. Fear c. Barrier d. Intention - ✔✔c. Barrier Which type of audience/s include/s individual or group whom you want to directly reach and influence with your messages? a. Primary audience b. Secondary audience c. Tertiary audience d. All of the above - ✔✔a. Primary audience Which is an authoritative teaching procedure? a. Symposium b. Group discussion c. Lecture d. Open forum - ✔✔c. Lecture An organized display of materials, specimens, models or illustrations of an object or process. a. Campaign b. Promotion c. Demonstration d. Exhibit - ✔✔d. Exhibit Why are theories important in nutrition education? a. They are the bases and center of behavior change. b. They are used to shape the nutrition education Interventions and answer the "why, what, and how. c. They are useful in identifying the target audience of nutrition education.
