Photosynthesis: Process, Reactions, and Pathways - Prof. Roman E. Boldyreff, Study notes of Biology

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Photosynthesis

1. Occurs in chloroplasts in eukaryotes, cytoplasm of prokaryotes
2. Photosynthetic pigments- chlorophyll a, b, & c
3. Other pigments- carotenoids & xanthophyll

Chloroplast Structure

1. Located in mesophyll cells of plants
2. Size- 5-10mm

Dark Reactions

1. Light independent rxns
2. In the stroma in the chloroplast

Cyclic Electron Path, CEP

1. ATP production only
2. Some photosynthetic bacteria only have CEP

Noncyclic Electron Path, NEP

1. Light rxns or light dependent
2. ATP production, water split, & NADPH production

ATP Production, NEP

1. Light strikes photosystem II (PS II) chlorophyll a

ATP Production, NEP

3. e-^ pass down cytochrome releasing energy

ATP Production, NEP

4. Energy used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP, ATP synthase

Water Split, NEP

1. e-^ * leave PS II chlorophyll a

Water Split, NEP

2. e-^ from water replace leaving e-^ *

Water Split, NEP

1. e-^ * leave PS II chlorophyll a
2. e-^ from water replace leaving e-^ *
3. Loss of e-^ splits water to hydrogen ions and oxygen

2H 20 g 4H+^ + O 2 + 4e-

NADPH Production, NEP

1. Light strikes PS I chlorophyll a

NADPH Production, NEP

3. Low energy e-^ from PS II ATP production replace leaving e-^ *

NADPH Production, NEP

4. e-^ pass down cytochrome system changing NADP+^ to NADP-