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Physical & Chemical Changes of Matter, Study notes of Physical Chemistry

New Directions Beauty InstitutePhysical Chemistry

1. Physical change – is a change of matter from one form to another that affects one or more of the physical properties of a substance without changing the ...

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PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHANGES
OF MATTER
TEKS: 6.5D
I will identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible
chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a
precipitate, or color change.
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PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHANGES

OF MATTER

TEKS: 6.5D

I will identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change.

PHYSICAL CHANGES OF MATTER

  1. Physical change – is a change of matter from one form to another that affects one or more of the physical properties of a substance without changing the identity of the substance. i. Changes in state of matter (Freezing, Melting, Dissolving) ii. Changes in Texture iii. Changes in appearance iv. Changes in size (cutting) Examples:
    • Stretching a rubber band
    • Dissolving sugar in water
    • Melting butter
    • Crushing an aluminum can

SIGNS OF A CHEMICAL CHANGE

  1. Production of a gas - fizzing, bubbling, or foaming are signs that a gas has been produced during a chemical change.
  2. Production of thermal energy – some chemical changes, especially burning give off thermal energy, or heat.
  3. Change in color – A change in color is another sign that a chemical change might be occurring. (Apples turn brown when cut because oxygen in the air combines with substances in the fruit.)
  4. Formation of a precipitate – Liquids sometimes combine to form a solid called a “precipitate”.

SIGNS OF A CHEMICAL CHANGE

  1. Change in odor – A new odor often indicates that a new substance has been formed. (The smell of apple pie or spoiled milk is evidence that a change has occurred over time.)
  2. Production of light or sound – A chemical change that gives off energy might produce light and sound, like fireworks.

WHAT HAPPENS TO ENERGY & MASS DURING PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL CHANGES?

  1. The law of conservation of mass/matter – states that mass/matter cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes; mass/matter is only transformed into different substances.
  2. The law of conservation of energy – states that energy cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes, it only changes into different forms of energy.