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PLS 101 FINAL EXAM 2025 | ALL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+ | VERIFIED ANSWERS | LATEST VERSION
Which of the following is NOT one of Congress' constitutional powers over the judiciary? a. Authority to alter the Court's jurisdiction b. Impeach and remove federal judges c. Veto a Supreme Court decision d. Offer advice and consent on presidential appointments e. Propose constitutional amendments ---------CORRECT ANSWER---------- -------c. Veto a Supreme Court decision Which of the following paved the way for the courts to become a co-equal branch? a. Writ of certiorari b. McCulloch v. Maryland c. The Judiciary Act of 1789 d. Judicial review e. Federalist No. 78 ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Judicial Review Courts of original jurisdiction are most often known as: a. appellate courts b. courts of appeals c. trial courts d. legislative courts e. constitutional courts ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. trial courts
Which of the following types of courts handles the bulk of the caseload in the federal system? a. District courts b. Courts of appeals c. Special purpose courts d. Legislative courts e. Supreme Court ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. District Courts Which of the following is NOT true of the courts of appeals? a. Cases may be heard by multiple judges b. Judges try to correct errors in law c. They are the highest courts in the federal system d. Judges hear no new testimony e. Their decisions are binding only within their geographic confines - -------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. They are the highest courts in the federal system According to the Constitution, who must offer advice and consent on a presidential appointment to the Supreme Court? a. Current justices b. Constituents c. President d. Senate e. House of Representatives ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Senate All of the following are criteria that would help get a case heard by the Supreme Court EXCEPT: a. The case presents a civil rights question b. The federal government is the party asking for review c. The case involves a conflict among the courts of appeals d. The case has significant social or political issues
c. The response rate was low. d. The margin of error was too large. e. The citizens surveyed were not interested in politics. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. The margin of error was too large What is the correct term for an unscientific survey used to gauge public opinion on a variety of issues and policies? a. Exit poll b. Gallup poll c. Straw poll d. Tracking poll e. Internet poll ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. Straw poll The in-person interviews conducted every two years and used by political scientists to conduct empirical analysis are known as the a. Literary Digest Poll b. Gallup Poll c. Harris Interactive Poll d. American National Election Studies e. Tracking Poll ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. American National Election Studies Which of the following is NOT a traditional poll used by reputable polling organizations? a. Telephone poll b. In-person interviews c. Push poll d. Tracking poll e. Exit poll ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. Push poll Which of the following is NOT a benefit of stratified sampling?
a. It gives each potential voter or adult approximately the same chance of being selected b. It avoids undersampling or oversampling key populations c. It is relatively inexpensive d. It can be conducted at a polling place on Election Day e. It allows for a broad, random sample of participants ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. It gives each potential voter or adult approximately the same chance of being selected Which of the following is a shortcoming of polling discussed in your text? a. Too many respondent options b. Limited interviewer knowledge c. Oversampling d. Inaccurate e. The citizens surveyed were not interested in politics ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b. Limited interviewer knowledge One measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll is referred to as the a. margin of error b. tracking error c. voting error d. information gap e. stratified sampling ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. margin of error Which of the following is an accurate description of the different political views of men and women? a. Women are more conservative on education b. Men are more liberal on capital punishment c. Men are more supportive of wars and military intervention d. Men are more liberal on health care e. Women are more conservative on family and children's issue --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. Men are more supportive of wars and military intervention
e. Citizens were dissatisfied with national party organizations --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Party organizations dominated local and state governments Which of the following is NOT a way that the chair of the national committee comes to the position? a. Selected by the sitting president b. Chosen by the national committee when the election has ended and the party has been defeated c. Picked by the newly nominated presidential candidate d. Nominated by the vice president candidate e. None of the above ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Nominated by the vice president candidate What is/are the ultimate governing body/bodies for political parties? a. The national chair b. Identifiers and voters c. The national committee d. Congressional and district committees e. State central committees and state conventions ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. The national committee Which of the following is NOT a function performed by modern American political parties? a. Organizing Congress b. Job creation c. Running candidates for office d. Furthering unity, linkage, and accountability e. Formulating policy ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------b. Job creation What is the most powerful predictor of congressional call voting?
a. Tenure in office b. Age c. Gender d. Party affiliation e. Race/ethnicity ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Party affiliation What is party identification? a. A citizen's affinity for a political party b. A rule that requires a citizen to vote for their party's candidates after they have registered as a member of that party c. The number of times a person has voted for a particular party d. The chance an independent will choose to vote for a certain party in a presidential election e. How often a citizen votes in his or her party's primary election --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. A citizen's affinity for a political party Which of the following groups of people tend to favor the Republican Party? a. Catholics b. Women c. Young People d. Cuban Americans e. Northerners ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Cuban Americans Why do some observers say minor parties benefit the American political system? a. Minor parties often win election to office and lead to greater diversity in politics b. Minor parties increase voter turnout c. Minor parties promote change in electoral rules d. Minor parties can bring attention to new issue areas
What are the two types of powers given to the national government under the United States Constitution? a. enumerated; implied b. enumerated; suggested c. implied; explicit d. suggested; explicit e. suggested; implied ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. enumerated; implied Indirect democracy is based on which of the following? a. consensus b. unanimity c. representation d. "mob rule" e the system of government used in ancient Greece ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. representation ________ powers are shared by the federal and state governments. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Concurrent In recent years, the Supreme Court has struggled to address _______ on the internet in a First Amendment context. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----- ------------obscenity Which test examines the constitutionality of religious establishments? ------- --CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Lemon What was the first major Supreme Court decision to define the relationship between the federal and state government? ---------CORRECT ANSWER--- --------------McCulloch v. Maryland
The Free Exercise Clause guarantees that the national government will not interfere with which of the following? a. education b. finance c. business d. speech e. religion ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. speech The provision of the Fourteenth Amendment that prohibits any states from denying "any person within its jurisdiction the euqal protection of the laws" is known as _____ clause. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Equal Protection How many constitutions has the United States had in its history? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Two Over time, Americans' expectations of government have generally _______. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------increased Which clause prevents the national government from sanctioning an official religion? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------establishment A false written statement is _______; the same statement spoken aloud is _______. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------libel; slander
Which clause in the Constitution ensures that judicial decrees and contracts made in one state will be binding and enforceable in another? ---- -----CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Full Faith and Credit In general, which of the following is true about the U.S. population? a. It is mostly under the age of thirty. b. It is getting older. c. It is becoming less diverse. d. It is less affected by immigration than in earlier years. e. It is required to own property. ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- b. It is getting older. In the United States, the national government derives its power from which of the following? a. states b. courts c. legislature d. citizens e. laws ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. citizens Under the system created by the Framers. the national and state governments share power and derive all authority from ______. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the people Which clause of the U.S. Constitution did the Supreme Court interpret in McCulloch v. Maryland? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Supremacy clause Which clause provides that the Constitution shall be the supreme law of the land? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------due process
Dillon's Rule states that all local government, as described in Figure 3. How Many Governments Exist in the United States?, must be authorized by which of the following? a. the federal government b. both the federal and state government c. the state government d. the people e. the state militia ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------c. the state government Which of the following generally is unconstitutional in school? a. fighting b. a weapon c. free speech d. prayer e. punishment ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. prayer Each state has _____ senators elected every ______ years. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------two; six The Constitutional convention resulted in what form of legislature? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------bicameral Members of Congress differ from the larger American population in that they are disproportionately _______. ---------CORRECT ANSWER------------ -----white, upper-middle-class, middle-aged, and male.
What demonstrates the Founders' desire to insulate the senate from popular displeasure? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------Forms of six-years, with one-third of seats open for election every two years In the House of Representatives, the ______ decides who will speak on the floor, and rules on points of order. - --------CORRECT ANSWER----------------
- speaker Packing and cracking both draw district lines to the favor of the majority party, and thus, are two types of ______. ---------CORRECT ANSWER------- ----------gerrymandering This individual keeps close contact with all members of his or her party, counts votes for key legislation, prepares summaries of bills, and acts as a communication link within the party. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-------------- ---majority/minority whip Which statement about incumbency is most accurate? a. Incumbents have a huge advantage in reelection. b. Incumbents have a small advantage in reelection. c. Incumbents have no advantage in reelection. d. Incumbents only leave office when pressured by party leadership. e. Incumbents only leave office when they choose. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. Incumbents have a huge advantage in reelection Which best represents the trend of party polarization over the last three decades? a. Both Republicans and Democrats have become more conservative b. Both Republicans and Democrats have become more liberal
c. Party polarization has decreased as bipartisanship has increased. d. party polarization has increased as bipartisanship has decreased. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------d. Party polarization has increased as bipartisanship has decreased Which one of the powers listed below is a constitutional power that the president shares with the Senate? a. making treaties b. commissioning officers c. granting pardons d. receiving foreign ambassadors e. replacing Cabinet heads ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------a. making treaties In which institutional resource are leaders both appointed by the president and approved by the senate? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the cabinet What is executive privilege? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The right to keep communications confidential to the presidency Historically, vice-presidential candidates are chosen to ______. --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------politically balance the ticket Whom did the Framers expect to be the first president of the United States? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------George Washington
Presidents with high levels of ________ have an easier time influencing Congress, while those with low levels find influencing Congress more difficult. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------public approval In which way do modern presidents differ form the original intentions of the Framers of the Constitution? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- Modern presidents are much more influential in the legislative process than the Framers originally intended How might presidents use their powers of persuasion in the legislative process? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------In leading public opinion to support their policy agendas Which of the following leadership abilities is critical to presidential success? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the ability to persuade members of Congress and the American public What was the turning point that gave rise to the modern institutional presidency? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the economic and social turmoil of the Great Depression The ______ is the departments, agencies, and offices within the executive branch that perform the functions of government. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------bureaucracy Under the spoils system, who was awarded jobs in the federal bureaucracy? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------those who helped the candidates win election
Cabinet secretaries are appointed by ________ and confirmed by _________. ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the president; the senate Which of the following is a function of departments and agencies within the federal bureaucracy? ---------CORRECT ANSWER----------------- implementing public policies Which of the following is an example of a government corporation? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------the Tennessee Valley Authority How did American's attitudes about the role of government change as a result of the Great Depression and Roosevelt's New Deal? --------- CORRECT ANSWER-----------------People became more accepting of the federal government's role in economic policy Why did President Franklin D Roosevelt create hundreds of new government agencies? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------to regulate business practices and various aspects of the national economy Which of the following was a consequence of the spoils or patronage system? ---------CORRECT ANSWER-----------------The federal bureaucracy was staffed with people who lacked expertise
