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Political Socialization: Agents, Influences, and Party Affiliations - Prof. Paul Edleman, Study notes of Local Government Studies

Political socialization, the process of transmitting political values from one generation to another. Agents of socialization include family, schools, church, friends, and mass media. Socio-demographic influences such as education, regional differences, race, and gender also shape political beliefs. The document also discusses the political affiliations of various religious groups and the philosophical backgrounds and policy positions of major political parties, including libertarianism, socialism, and liberalism (democrats) and conservativism.

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Uploaded on 08/05/2009

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Political Socialization
nPolitical Socialization Refers to
the process by which the central
values of the political culture are
transmitted from one generation to
another.
Agents of Socialization
nAgents of Socialization The
persons by which and the setting in
which the process of political
socialization is accomplished.
nFamily
nSchools
nChurch
nFriends
Socialization Groupings
nI. Primary groups
nIndividuals closest to you
Family, friends
nII. Secondary groups
Organizations
Churches, professional groups
nIII. Social classes
Lower, working class, middle class, etc.
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Download Political Socialization: Agents, Influences, and Party Affiliations - Prof. Paul Edleman and more Study notes Local Government Studies in PDF only on Docsity!

Political Socialization

n Political Socialization – Refers to

the process by which the central

values of the political culture are

transmitted from one generation to

another.

Agents of Socialization

n Agents of Socialization – The

persons by which and the setting in

which the process of political

socialization is accomplished.

n Family

n Schools

n Church

n Friends

Socialization Groupings

n I. Primary groups

n Individuals closest to you

  • Family, friends

n II. Secondary groups

  • Organizations
    • Churches, professional groups

n III. Social classes

  • Lower, working class, middle class, etc.

Socialization Across Time

n I. Life-cycle Effect – how a person’s

beliefs and behavior change over time

n Example – Political view prior to having a family vs. the views after having a family

n II. Period Effect – One historical event

impacts an entire society.

n Example – Great Depression

n III. Cohort Effect – One historical event

impacts a specific group of people.

n Example – Vietnam War on men of draft age

Agents of Socialization

n Family

n Most important agent of socialization

n Families have similar political views

n Children hold same party affiliation as

parents

n Schools

n Schools pass on American political

values

n Similar peer groups

Agents of Socialization,

continued

n Religion

n Catholics

  • Liberal economics/social conservatives

n Protestant

  • Conservative economics & social issues

n Jewish

  • Liberal economics & social issues

Socio-Demographic

Influences, continued

n Race

n African-Americans more liberal and

democratic

n Whites more Republican

n Gender

n Support social measures

  • Example – gun control

n Gender Gap

  • Women more democratic

Political Parties

n LIBERTARIANISM

n Core beliefs

  • Extreme individual liberty
  • Extreme limited government

n Elements of Anarchism – belief in no

government

  • But need for criminal justice, defense

Political Parties, continued

n LIBERTARIANISM

n Policy positions

  • Oppose government programs
  • Support cuts in gov’t spending
  • Eliminate FBI & CIA
  • Favor U.S. defense system, but no overseas involvement
  • Favor individual liberties

Political Parties, continued

n Socialism

n Gov’t ownership of means of production

n Policy positions

  • Nationalization of major industries
  • Higher taxes
  • Cut defense spending
  • Favor individual liberty

Political Parties, continued

n Liberalism (Democrats)

n Philosophical Background

  • Positive view of human nature
  • People are naturally good
  • Society should provide equality

Political Parties, continued

n Liberalism

n Policy positions

  • Support
    • Welfare
    • Food stamps
    • Housing
    • Health care
    • Affirmative action
    • Free speech
    • Abortion
    • Individual morality

Political Parties, continued

n Conservativism

n Criticisms

  • Selective opposition to government
  • Too much emphasis on market economics
  • Race and sexism