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POLS |! 206 |! Exam |! 4 |! with |! precise |!
detailed |! answers
What |! were |! considered |! to |! be |! "The |! Big |! 3" |! interest |! groups |! in |! lecture? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔AIPAC, |! NRA, |! AARP The |! difficulty |! groups |! face |! in |! recruiting |! when |! potential |! members |! can |! gain |! the |! benefits |! of |! the |! group's |! actions |! whether |! they |! join |! are |! not |! is |! known |! as |! the |! _________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Free |! rider |! problem A |! ________________ |! is |! a |! good |! or |! service |! that, |! by |! its |! very |! nature, |! cannot |! be |! denied |! to |! anyone |! who |! wants |! to |! consume |! it. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Collective |! good The |! tendency |! of |! public |! officials, |! journalists, |! and |! lobbyists |! to |! move |! between |! public- |! and |! private-sector |! jobs |! (i.e. |! media, |! lobbying) |! is |! known |! as |! the |! ________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Revolving |! door ______________________ |! are |! advertisements |! that |! support |! issues |! or |! candidates |! without |! telling |! constituents |! how |! to |! vote. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Issue |! advocacy |! ads
_________________ |! are |! groups |! that |! mobilize |! voters |! with |! issue |! advocacy |! ads |! on |! television |! and |! radio |! but |! may |! not |! directly |! advocate |! the |! election |! or |! defeat |! of |! a |! particular |! candidate. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔ 527 |! groups __________ |! are |! primary |! elections |! in |! which |! only |! registered |! party |! members |! may |! vote. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Closed |! primaries ___________ |! are |! primary |! elections |! in |! which |! eligible |! voters |! do |! not |! need |! to |! be |! registered |! party |! members |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Open |! primaries A |! trend |! among |! voters |! to |! identify |! themselves |! as |! independents |! rather |! than |! as |! members |! of |! a |! major |! party |! is |! known |! as |! ________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Dealignment A |! formal |! party |! gathering |! to |! choose |! candidates |! is |! called |! a |! _______________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Nominating |! convention _____________________, |! also |! known |! as |! "the |! party |! faithful"; |! the |! rank- and-file |! members |! of |! a |! party |! who |! actually |! carry |! out |! the |! party's |! electioneering |! efforts. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Party |! activists
These |! have |! been |! precipitated |! by |! major |! critical |! events |! like |! the |! Civil |! War |! and |! the |! Great |! Depression. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Realignment Many |! states |! require |! that |! potential |! independent |! or |! _______________ |! candidates |! gather |! a |! large |! number |! of |! signature |! petitions |! before |! their |! names |! can |! be |! placed |! on |! the |! ballot. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Third |! parties _______________ |! are |! hampered |! by |! existing |! federal |! election |! laws |! which |! regulate |! the |! amount |! of |! campaign |! contributions |! that |! presidential |! candidates |! can |! receive |! from |! individuals |! and |! PACs |! and |! provide |! dollar-for-dollar |! federal |! matching |! money |! for |! both |! major |! parties' |! presidential |! campaigns. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Third |! parties Before |! a |! third |! party |! can |! conduct |! a |! primary |! to |! select |! its |! candidate, |! it |! must |! have |! earned |! some |! minimum |! percentage |! of |! the |! votes |! in |! the |! ___________ |! election. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Previous The |! ____________________ |! is |! a |! market |! theory |! that |! suggests |! that |! when |! a |! company |! reveals |! bad |! news |! to |! the |! public, |! there |! may |! be |! many |! more |! related |! negative |! events |! that |! have |! yet |! to |! be |! revealed. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Cockroach |! theory The |! _________________ |! system |! is |! maintained |! by |! the |! United |! States |! due |! to |! the |! fact |! that |! the |! rules |! of |! the |! system |! make |! it |! very |! difficult |! for |!
third |! parties |! to |! do |! well |! on |! a |! permanent |! basis. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Two-party In |! the |! United |! States, |! we |! use |! the |! single-member |! _____________________ |! system; |! this |! means |! that |! the |! candidate |! who |! receives |! the |! most |! votes |! in |! a |! defined |! district |! wins |! that |! seat, |! and |! the |! loser |! gets |! nothing. |! This |! system |! creates |! strong |! incentives |! for |! voters |! to |! cast |! their |! ballots |! for |! one |! of |! the |! two |! established |! parties |! because |! voters |! know |! when |! they |! are |! effectively |! throwing |! away |! their |! votes |! when |! voting |! for |! a |! third-party |! candidate. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔District |! electoral The |! ______________ |! phenomenon: |! in |! the |! case |! of |! the |! current |! tea |! party |! movement, |! the |! new |! party |! is |! not |! actually |! distinct |! from |! the |! Republican |! party, |! and |! as |! long |! as |! the |! Republican |! party |! adopts |! most |! of |! the |! issues |! the |! Tea |! Partiers |! care |! about, |! they |! are |! not |! likely |! to |! separate |! and |! form |! an |! organized |! party |! of |! their |! own. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Tea |! Party A |! ____________ |! election |! is |! an |! election |! signaling |! a |! significant |! change |! in |! popular |! allegiance |! from |! one |! party |! to |! another. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Critical _________________ |! is |! the |! process |! of |! getting |! a |! person |! elected |! to |! public |! office. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Electioneering
A |! group |! of |! citizens |! united |! by |! ideology |! and |! seeking |! control |! of |! government |! in |! order |! to |! promote |! their |! ideas |! and |! policies. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Political |! party _______________ |! is |! unregulated |! campaign |! contributions |! by |! individuals, |! groups, |! or |! parties |! that |! promote |! general |! election |! activities |! but |! do |! not |! directly |! support |! individual |! candidates. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Soft |! money ___________ |! are |! the |! effects |! of |! vote |! splitting |! between |! candidates |! or |! ballot |! questions |! with |! similar |! ideologies. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Spoilers One |! spoiler |! candidate's |! presence |! in |! the |! election |! draws |! votes |! from |! a |! ________ |! candidate |! with |! similar |! politics, |! causing |! a |! strong |! opponent |! of |! both |! or |! several |! to |! ______. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Major, |! win ______________ |! and |! __________ |! are |! two |! examples |! of |! spoilers. |! These |! two |! men |! were |! also |! kept |! out |! of |! televised |! debates |! due |! to |! the |! fact |! that |! Congress |! insisted |! on |! a |! special |! exception |! that |! limits |! participation |! in |! these |! debates |! to |! 2 |! major |! parties. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Ralph |! Nader, |! Ross |! Perot _____________________ |! is |! known |! as |! the |! 18th |! richest |! person |! in |! the |! world; |! he |! is |! a |! major |! contributor |! to |! the |! Republican |! party |!
candidates, |! which |! has |! resulted |! in |! his |! gaining |! influence |! within |! the |! party. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Sheldon |! Adelson Sheldon |! Adelson |! switched |! political |! parties |! for |! 3 |! reasons: |! Republicans |! are |! more |! supportive |! of |! ________, |! republicans |! are |! more |! ___________ |! than |! democrats, |! and |! _________ |! policy. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Israel, |! charitable, |! economic ___________ |! is |! a |! man |! whose |! greatest |! concern |! is |! to |! protect |! Israel. |! He |! believes |! in |! 3 |! ways |! to |! influence |! political |! parties: |! ___________ |! to |! political |! parties, |! establishing |! _____________, |! and |! controlling |! _______ |! outlets. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Haim |! Saban, |! donations, |! think |! tanks, |! media ___________________ |! is |! the |! citizens' |! feelings |! of |! effectiveness |! in |! political |! affairs. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Political |! efficacy The |! _________________ |! bill |! is |! a |! legislation |! allowing |! citizens |! to |! register |! to |! vote |! at |! the |! same |! time |! they |! apply |! for |! a |! driver's |! license |! or |! other |! state |! benefit. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Motor |! Voter Voter |! ___________________ |! is |! a |! party's |! efforts |! to |! inform |! potential |! voters |! about |! issues |! and |! candidates |! and |! to |! persuade |! them |! to |! vote. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Mobilization
What |! was |! the |! pop |! quiz |! taken |! during |! lecture |! reflected |! upon? |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Alabama |! Literacy |! Test _______________ |! is |! the |! process |! of |! scheduling |! presidential |! primaries |! early |! in |! the |! primary |! season |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Front-loading The |! widely |! held |! public |! perception |! that |! a |! candidate |! is |! gaining |! electoral |! strength |! is |! known |! as |! ________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Momentum ___________ |! votes |! are |! the |! approximately |! 1/3 |! of |! the |! electorate |! who |! are |! undecided |! at |! the |! start |! of |! a |! campaign. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Swing _____________ |! research |! is |! the |! investigation |! of |! an |! opponent's |! background |! for |! the |! purpose |! of |! exploiting |! weaknesses |! or |! undermining |! credibility |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Opposition ___________ |! issues |! are |! issues |! on |! which |! the |! parties |! differ |! in |! their |! perspectives |! and |! proposed |! solutions |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Position ___________ |! issues |! are |! controversial |! issues |! that |! one |! party |! uses |! to |! split |! the |! voters |! in |! the |! other |! party |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Wedge
_________________ |! is |! the |! tendency |! of |! one |! party |! to |! be |! seen |! as |! more |! competent |! in |! a |! specific |! policy |! area |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Issue |! ownership _______________________ |! is |! campaign |! advertising |! that |! emphasizes |! the |! negative |! characteristics |! of |! opponents |! rather |! than |! one's |! own |! strengths |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Negative |! advertising _________________ |! is |! campaign |! funds |! donated |! directly |! to |! candidates; |! amounts |! are |! limited |! by |! federal |! election |! laws |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Hard |! money ________________________ |! drives |! are |! efforts |! by |! political |! parties, |! interest |! groups, |! and |! the |! candidate's |! staff |! to |! maximize |! voter |! turnout |! among |! supporters |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Get-out-the-vote The |! perception |! that |! an |! election |! victory |! signals |! broad |! support |! for |! the |! winner's |! proposed |! policies |! is |! known |! as |! an |! ___________________. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Electoral |! mandate In |! the |! 2010 |! decision |! in |! _________________ |! v. |! Federal |! Election |! Commission, |! the |! supreme |! court |! struck |! down |! a |! provision |! of |! BORA |! that |! prohibited |! corporations |! from |! sponsoring |! broadcast |! ads |! for |! or |! against |! specific |! candidates. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Citizens |! United
regulates |! the |! financing |! of |! political |! campaigns. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔McCain |! Feingold |! Act ______________________ |! was |! a |! landmark |! case |! in |! American |! campaign |! finance |! law. |! In |! a |! per |! curiam |! opinion, |! the |! Supreme |! Court |! of |! the |! United |! States |! struck |! down |! on |! First |! Amendment |! grounds |! several |! provisions |! in |! the |! 1974 |! Amendments |! to |! the |! Federal |! Election |! Campaign |! Act. |! The |! most |! prominent |! portions |! of |! the |! case |! struck |! down |! limits |! on |! spending |! in |! campaigns, |! but |! upheld |! the |! provision |! limiting |! the |! size |! of |! individual |! contributions |! to |! campaigns. |! The |! Court |! also |! narrowed, |! and |! then |! upheld, |! the |! Act's |! disclosure |! provisions, |! and |! struck |! down |! (on |! separation |! of |! powers |! grounds) |! the |! make-up |! of |! the |! Federal |! Election |! Commission, |! which |! as |! written |! allowed |! Congress |! to |! directly |! appoint |! members |! of |! the |! Commission, |! an |! executive |! agency. |! - |! Correct |! answer |! ✔Buckley |! v. |! Valeo
