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Pool Operator Exam Prep: Water Chemistry Q&A, Exams of Public Health Engineering

A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to pool and spa operation, focusing on water chemistry. It covers essential topics such as chlorine and bromine levels, ph balance, total alkalinity, calcium hardness, and cyanuric acid. The material is designed to help pool operators understand and maintain safe and effective water conditions, addressing issues like corrosion, scaling, and algae control. It also includes information on filtration, troubleshooting common problems, and chemical safety. Useful for preparing for pool operator certification exams and for ongoing professional development. Useful for those seeking to understand the science behind pool and spa maintenance.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/25/2025

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Pool Operator Exam With Correct Detailed
Answers 2025/2026 latest Update.
whole range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 1, 5
ideal range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 2, 4
whole range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 2, 10
ideal range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 3, 5
4 types of solid chlorine - ANSWER- calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite, trichlor,
dichlor
liquid chlorine - ANSWER- sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
how active is gas chlorine - ANSWER- 100%
the active killing form of chlorine in water - ANSWER- hypochlorous acid (HOCl)
HOCl = ______ - ANSWER- H+ (hydrogen ion) + OCl- (hypochlorite ion)
most common granular chlorine (pH range) - ANSWER- calcium hypochlorite (8.5 - 11,
used to super chlorinate water)
not common form of chlorine due to low active strength (pH) - ANSWER- lithium
hypochlorite (10.8)
tablet/stick chlorine usually used in erosion feeder (pH - what will it do?) - ANSWER-
trichlor (2.8 - 3.5, lower alkalinity and pH over time)
salt used as a disinfectant (pH) - ANSWER- dichlor (6.7 - common in vinyl lined pools)
most common type of chlorine used (pH) - ANSWER- sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl - 13)
______ needs special training to use and has a pH of ____ and will _____ when added
to water - ANSWER- gas chlorine, 0, lower pH
chlorine is most effective as a pH of _____ - ANSWER- 7.5
active disinfectant in the water - ANSWER- free chlorine (FC)
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Pool Operator Exam With Correct Detailed

Answers 2025/2026 latest Update.

whole range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 1, 5 ideal range chlorine in a pool: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 2, 4 whole range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 2, 10 ideal range chlorine in a spa: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 3, 5 4 types of solid chlorine - ANSWER- calcium hypochlorite, lithium hypochlorite, trichlor, dichlor liquid chlorine - ANSWER- sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) how active is gas chlorine - ANSWER- 100% the active killing form of chlorine in water - ANSWER- hypochlorous acid (HOCl) HOCl = ______ - ANSWER- H+ (hydrogen ion) + OCl- (hypochlorite ion) most common granular chlorine (pH range) - ANSWER- calcium hypochlorite (8.5 - 11, used to super chlorinate water) not common form of chlorine due to low active strength (pH) - ANSWER- lithium hypochlorite (10.8) tablet/stick chlorine usually used in erosion feeder (pH - what will it do?) - ANSWER- trichlor (2.8 - 3.5, lower alkalinity and pH over time) salt used as a disinfectant (pH) - ANSWER- dichlor (6.7 - common in vinyl lined pools) most common type of chlorine used (pH) - ANSWER- sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl - 13) ______ needs special training to use and has a pH of ____ and will _____ when added to water - ANSWER- gas chlorine, 0, lower pH chlorine is most effective as a pH of _____ - ANSWER- 7. active disinfectant in the water - ANSWER- free chlorine (FC)

FC is determined by the ______ test and is maintained between ____ and ____ ppm - ANSWER- DPD, 2, 4 equal to the amount of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and the amt of hypochlorite ions (OCl- ) - ANSWER- free chlorine (fc) the result of free chlorine reacting with organic compounds - ANSWER- combine chlorine (CC) common name and max for pools and spas for combine chlorine - ANSWER- chloramines, 0.2, 0. CC = - ANSWER- TC - FC what will a DPD measure - ANSWER- TC, FC how much CC should a pool have ideally - ANSWER- zero shocking the pool is also called - ANSWER- breakpoint chlorination breakpoint chlorination is the conversion of ________ into ______ - ANSWER- combine chlorine, nitrogen gas breakpoint chlorination equation - ANSWER- BPC = 10 x CC [BPC = 10 x (TC - FC)] whole cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ppm - ANSWER- 0, 100 ideal cyanuric acid range: _____ to ______ ppm - ANSWER- 30, 50 acts as a protection for chlorine compounds from UV light - ANSWER- cyanuric acid CyA will act as a stabilizer for _______ but does not stabilize ________ - ANSWER- free chlorine, bromine The only way to reduce CyA concentration is to _______ - ANSWER- dilute the water and replace it whole range of bromine: ____ to _____ - ANSWER- 2, 10 ideal range of bromine: _____ to ______ - ANSWER- 4, 6 second most common disinfectant in the pool - ANSWER- bromine two types of bromine used - ANSWER- sodium bromide, solid bromide Bromine in natural form is a ______ but is in _____ form when

how much sodium bicarbonate should be added to increase total alkalinity? - ANSWER- 1.4 pounds per 10000 gal of water high total alkalinity leads to (4) - ANSWER- pH lock, cloudy waters, clogged filters, reduced circulation if you have high total alkalinity, add _____ or ______ - ANSWER- muriatic acid, sodium bisulfate whole range for calcium hardness in a pool: ____ to ____ - ANSWER- 150, 1000 ideal range of calcium hardness in a pool: ____ to ____ - ANSWER- 200, 400 whole range of calcium hardness in a spa: ____ to ____ - ANSWER- 100, 800 ideal range of calcium hardness in a spa: ____ to ____ - ANSWER- 150, 250 amount of calcium content in the water - ANSWER- calcium hardness calcium hardness is measured as ______ - ANSWER- calcium carbonate (CaCO3) calcium not in solution (as a solid) is called _____ - ANSWER- scale calcium hardness is affected by _______ - ANSWER- temperature when temp rises, calcium hardness becomes ______ - ANSWER- less soluble low calcium hardness leads to (3) - ANSWER- corrosive water, wall stains, heater failure if you have low calcium hardness, add - ANSWER- calcium chloride high calcium hardness leads to (3) - ANSWER- scale, cloudy water, clogged filters the only way to lower calcium hardness is to _____ - ANSWER- partially drain the water and replace it max temperature of a pool or spa - ANSWER- 104 degrees at higher temps, there is an increased tendency for _____ - ANSWER- scaling at lower temperatures, there is an increased tendency for ______ - ANSWER- corrosion maximum total disolved solids - ANSWER- 1500 saturation index equation: SI= - ANSWER- pH + TF + CF + AF + TDSF

green water - ANSWER- presence of copper red-brown water - ANSWER- presence of iron number one reason for cloudy water - ANSWER- improper filtration too much calcium in the water leads to - ANSWER- scale cause of foaming - ANSWER- organic waste three types of algae - ANSWER- green, black, yellow most common and most easily controlled algae - ANSWER- green algae resulting from poor pool circulation - ANSWER- black algae that is difficult to control and often requires_____ - ANSWER- yellow, algaecide pool capacity (in gallons) is equal to the pool _______ times _______ - ANSWER- volume, 7.5 gallons minerals that cause stains (3) - ANSWER- iron, copper, manganese chemicals used to neutralize chlorine (2) - ANSWER- sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfite acceptable range of free chlorine in a pool: ____ to ____ppm - ANSWER- 1, 3 ideal chlorine in a spa - ANSWER- 4 what causes the chlorine smell in an indoor pool - ANSWER- chloramines evaporating what are caused by chlorine combining itself to organic maters (like ammonia)? - ANSWER- chloramines which chlorine has a pH of nine and raises the pH of water? - ANSWER- liquid chlorine _____ deteriorates quickly into exposed air - ANSWER- sodium hypochlorite When using CA to stabilize a pool the chlorine level must stay above _____ ppm - ANSWER- 2 how is bromine different from chlorine? - ANSWER- combine bromine can be used as an effective sanitizer

the more particles and dirt that a filter removes, the slower the _____ - ANSWER- flow rate removes the smallest particle size of any pool spa filtration device - ANSWER- diatomaceous Earth filter (DE) what occurs over time in a sand filter - ANSWER- channeling channeling in a filter causes - ANSWER- a bypass in the filtration process, causing unfiltered water back into the pool when the water in the pipe is ______ then backwash is complete - ANSWER- clear As dirt and debris collect in a sand filter the ______ pressure increases and the _______ pressure decreases - ANSWER- influent, effluent are cartridge filters backwashed? - ANSWER- no (removed and hosed off) are sand filters backwashed? - ANSWER- yes depth markers should be at - ANSWER- horisontal surfaces, vertical surfaces, and twenty feet apart each electrical system must have ________ - ANSWER- ground fault circuit interrupters (GFIs) who is responsible for taking daily logs? - ANSWER- pool operator