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Microbiology Final Exam: Virology, Cell Biology, and Infection Mechanisms, Exams of Biology

Brandeis UniversityBiology

A final exam for biod 171, covering topics in microbiology. It includes true/false questions, multiple-choice questions, and short answer questions related to viruses, bacteria, cellular biology, and microscopy. The exam tests understanding of microbial classification, metabolic processes, and infection mechanisms. It is useful for students studying microbiology or preparing for exams in related fields. This exam covers a range of topics, including microbial classification, metabolic processes, microscopy techniques, and the characteristics of various bacterial and viral infections. It assesses students' understanding of key concepts in microbiology and their ability to apply this knowledge to specific scenarios. The questions require students to recall definitions, differentiate between different types of microorganisms, and explain the mechanisms of microbial processes.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/28/2025

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Portage Learning BIOD 171 FINAL EXAM Latest Update
FINAL EXAM
1. True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism.
False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can,
however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and
viruses.
2. What is the smallest biological unit of life?
A cell.
3. At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what?
Macromolecules*
*A student may also answer: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides but they
must answer with all four to be fully correct.
1. Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista are all classification under what type of organism?
A. Bacteria
B. Eukarya
C. Archaea
D. Virus
B. Only Eukarya contains animals, plants, fungi and protists.
2. All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are autotropic.
False—they are heterotropic.
3. Microorganisms classified as obtain most of their energy by converting light energy
into chemical energy.
Plantae
1. Define catabolism.
Catabolism is the process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources.
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Download Microbiology Final Exam: Virology, Cell Biology, and Infection Mechanisms and more Exams Biology in PDF only on Docsity!

Portage Learning BIOD 171 FINAL EXAM Latest Update

FINAL EXAM

  1. True or False: A virus is considered a microorganism. False. Viruses are not living and as such are not considered microorganisms. Viruses can, however, be classified as microbes, a more general term that includes microorganisms and viruses.
  2. What is the smallest biological unit of life? A cell.
  3. At a generalized level, all cells are comprised of what? Macromolecules A student may also answer: Proteins, Lipids, Nucleic acids and Polysaccharides but they must answer with all four to be fully correct.
  4. Animalia, Plantae, Fungi and Protista are all classification under what type of organism? A. Bacteria B. Eukarya C. Archaea D. Virus B. Only Eukarya contains animals, plants, fungi and protists.
  5. All multicellular microorganisms classified as Animalia are autotropic. False—they are heterotropic.
  6. Microorganisms classified as obtain most of their energy by converting light energy into chemical energy. Plantae
  7. Define catabolism. Catabolism is the process of breaking down larger molecules into useful energy sources.
  1. Upon cellular injury, which metabolic process is involved during the growth and repair phases of the cell? The anabolic process would be active as it (by definition) is involved in the building up of small complexes into larger complexes.
  2. What is one of the main functions of light reactions? Similar to the electron transport chain, one of its main functions is to generate a proton concentration gradient to generate ATP.
  3. True or False: Dark reactions can occur in the presence or absence of light. True. The term ‘dark reactions’ (also known as the Calvin Cycle) simply denotes the second stage in photosynthesis—dark reactions do not actually require darkness in order to occur.
  4. Assuming a constant (non-adjustable) light source power, identify the part of the microscope you would adjust to limit the amount of light entering the microscope. Select all that apply. A. Objective B. Condenser C. Iris diaphragm D. Eye piece C. The iris controls the amount of light that passes through the sample and into the objective lens. Thus, it can be adjusted (opened or closed) to alter the amount of light.
  5. What is the total magnification (relative to your eye) of a sample imaged with a 60x objective and a 10x eyepiece? Show your math. 60 x 10 = 600x magnification
  6. Identify what type of electron microscope was used to capture the following image and explain your choice.

False. A new or sterilized loop is absolutely required for each phase. Failure to do so would prevent the establishment of a dilution gradient, as the same bacterial concentration would be spread across both phase regions, regardless of whether or not the culture is pure.

  1. The number of phases (3 vs. 4) and/or the number of times a loop passes through a previous phase (once vs. multiple times) is acceptable provided what happens? Either deviation is acceptable in practice provided the resulting gradient contains within it the growth of individual colonies—if not, the experiment must be repeated.
  2. True or False. Pathogenic strains of bacteria tend to grow slower than normal non-pathogenic bacterial strains. False. Pathogenic strains of bacteria tend to grow faster than non-pathogenic strains at 37°C, which is why researchers may set incubators at 25°C to restrict its growth.
  3. Folliculitis D A.^ Childhood^ skin^ disease^ near^ mouth/nose
  4. Scalded-skin syndrome E B.^ Infection^ of^ thin,^ transparent^ scleral^ tissue
  5. Impetigo A C.^ Infection^ occurs at^ time^ of^ birth
  6. Conjunctivitis B D.^ Pus-filled^ lesions^ on^ skin^ or^ hair
  7. Ophthalmia Neonatorum C E.^ Ruptured^ pustules;^ treated^ with^ Penicillin
  8. True or False. The causative agent of conjunctivitis can be either bacterial or viral. True. There are bacterial (staph) and viral forms of conjunctivitis, both resulting in the inflammation of the conjunctiva and ‘pink eye.’
  9. True or False. Although there is no cure for tetanus, it can be prevented through vaccination.

True. There is no cure for tetanus. However, tetanus is entirely preventable through vaccination.

  1. Describe the symptoms and treatment regimen for someone infected with Clostridium perfringens. Clostridium perfringens (also known as Gas gangrene) presents with muscle necrosis, swelling of infected areas, fever and intense gas production. Treatment entails removal of all infected tissue, often resulting in amputation of the affected areas, in conjunction with heavy antibiotic therapies.
  2. Why does the alpha toxin (perfringolysin) produced during an infection of gas gangrene cause cell death? The toxin perforates the membrane. It forms pores in the plasma membrane of host cells resulting in uncontrolled ion fluxes and eventually cell lysis and death.
  3. The surrounds the capsid of some viruses. Envelope.
  4. True or False. You would expect to see a viral envelope on a virus infecting a plant cell. False. The overwhelming majority of animal viruses are enveloped whereas the majority of plant or bacteria-infecting viruses are not.
  5. Rank the following viruses based on their size from largest to smallest: Orthomyxovirus Poliovirus Variolavirus Variolavirus (~200nm) > Orthomyxovirus (100-150nm) > Poliovirus (~30nm)
  6. While traveling abroad, should you be worried about coming into contact with either the Variola major or Variola minor viruses? No. Both viruses are variants of smallpox and were eradicated in 1977. You would not need to worry about coming into contact with the virus.