Which%of%the%following%is%an%acellular%microorganism%lacking%a%nucleus?
Bacterium
1.
helminth
2.
Protozoan
3.
Virus
4.
1.
Name%5%types%of%microorganisms%that%we%are%studying%
2.
What%are%the%three%domains?
3.
What%are%the%6%kingdoms?
4.
List%the%5%I's%of%culturing%and%what%they%do:%
5.
What%are%the%6%branches%of%microbiology?
6.
Defend%the%argument%that%a%web%of%life%is%a%more%accurate%representation%of%evolutionary%relatedness%than%a%tree%of%life.
7.
Often%when%there%is%a%local%water%main%break,%a%town%will%post%an%advisory%to%boil%water%before%ingesting%it.%Identify%the%biological%
basis%behind%the%effectiveness%of%this%procedure%in%minimizing%illness.
8.
Identify%the%process%or%environment%in%this%list%that%is%not%affected%by%microorganisms.
9.
oxygen%cycles%
1.
recycling%of%dead%organisms
2.
human%health
3.
all%of%the%above%have%microbial%involvement
4.
Discuss%the%current%view%of%the%evolution%of%eukaryotic%cells.
10.
Describe%how%microorganisms%can%accomplish%bioremediation.
11.
Which%of%these%organisms%do%not%contain%DNA?
Helminths
a.
Bacteria
b.
Prions
c.
protozoan
d.
12.
Summarize%some%important%facets%of%the%human%microbiome.
13.
Suggest%an%argument%for%why%eukaryotic%cells%have%developed%an%%enclosed%nucleus%unlike%bacteria%and%archaea.
14.
Microbes%are%found%in%which%habitat?
human%body
a.
earth’s%crust
b.
Oceans
c.
all%of%the%above
d.
15.
Argue%for%or%against%this%statement: Microbes)intend)to)cause)human)disease.
16.
Which%of%the%following%processes%can%be%the%result%of%human%manipulation%of%microbial%genes?
the%central%dogma
a.
natural%selection
b.
Bioremediation
c.
abiogenesis
d.
17.
When%a%hypothesis%has%been%thoroughly%supported%by%long-term%study%and%data,%it%is%considered
a%law
a.
a%speculation
b.
a%theory
c.
proven
d.
18.
Defend%the%use%of%complicated-sounding%names%for%identifying%microorganisms.
19.
Microorganisms%are%best%defined%as%organisms%that
Can%only%be%found%growing%in%laboratories.
a.
Are%too%small%to%be%seen%with%the%unaided%eye
b.
Lack%a%cell%nucleus
c.
Cause%human%disease
d.
20.
Which%of%the%following%are%not%considered%microorganisms?
Fungi
a.
Protozoa
b.
Viruses
c.
Bacteria
d.
Mosquitos
e.
21.
Helminths%are%____.
22.
Molds
a.
Parasitic%worms
b.
Protozoa
c.
Infectious%particles
d.
Among%the%types%of%microorganisms,%the%_____are%noncellular
Protozoans
a.
Bacteria
b.
Viruses
c.
Helminths
d.
23.
Studies%of%the%immune%response%to%an%infection%cause%by%microorganisms%would%be%performed%by%a(n).%_____.
24.
Hypersensitivity%specialist
a.
Immunologist
b.
Geomicrobiologist
c.
Epidemiologist
d.
Which%of%the%following%pairs%of%career%descriptions%and%work%tasks%are%not%correctly%matched?
25.
Medical%Microbiologist:%identify%cause%of%a%bladder%infection%at%a%hospital%lab
a.
Industrial%microbiologist:%manipulate%bacterial%strains%to%be%less%pathogenic
b.
Agricultural%microbiologist:%identify%bacterial%causes%of%crop%disease
c.
Public%health%microbiologist:%track%the%incidence%of%AIDS%in%a%population
d.
A%scientist%who%studies%the%influence%of%microbes%in%the%formation%of%caves%is%called%a(n)%_____
26.
Astrobiologist
a.
Epidemiologist
b.
Geomicrobiologist
c.
Immunologist
d.
The%microorganisms%that%recycle%nutrients%by%breaking%down%dead%matter%and%wastes%are%called%_____.
27.
Fermenters
a.
Eukaryotes
b.
Decomposers
c.
Pathogens
d.
Prokaryotes
e.
The%majority%of%oxygen%in%earth's%atmosphere%is%a%product%of%photosynthesis%by%______.
28.
Rain%forests
a.
Microorganisms
b.
Green%plants
c.
Agricultural%lands
d.
The%three%cell%types%discussed:%eukaryotes,%archaea,%and%bacteria%are%all%derived%from
29.
Cells%with%a%true%nucleus
a.
The%last%universal%common%ancestor
b.
Photosynthetic%bacteria
c.
Archaea
d.
The%first%cells%appeared%about%____%billion%years%ago.
5
a.
4.5
b.
3.5
c.
2
d.
1
e.
30.
A%hypothesis%must%be%tested%many%times%before%it%can%be%considered%a%theory
31.
True
a.
False%
b.
Which%area%of%biology%states%that%living%things%undergo%gradual%structural%and%functional%changes%over%long%periods%of%time?
32.
Evolution
a.
Morphology
b.
Phylogeny
c.
Genetics
d.
Transformation
e.
When%humans%manipulate%the%genes%of%microorganisms,%the%process%is%called%______.
33.
Epidemiology
a.
Taxonomy
b.
Bioremediation
c.
Genetic%engineering
d.
Immunology
e.
Which%activity%is%an%example%of%biotechnology?
34.
Bacteria%in%the%soil%secreting%an%antibiotic%to%kill%competitors
a.
Public%health%officials%monitoring%diseases%in%a%community
b.
Egyptians%using%moldy%bread%on%wounds
c.
A%microbiologist%using%the%microscope%to%view%bacteria
d.
Escherichia%coli%producing%human%insulin
e.
Which%of%the%following%is%a%traditional%human%use%of%microorganisms?
35.
Baking%bread
a.
Cleaning%up%oil%spills
b.
Treating%water%and%sewage
c.
Mass-producing%antibiotics
d.
Using%microbes%to%detoxify%a%site%contaminated%with%heavy%metals%is%an%example%of%____.
36.
Biotechnology%
a.
Bioremediation%
b.
Decomposition
c.
Epidemiology%
d.
Immunology
e.
Disease%causing%microorganism:
Pathogen
A.
Decomposers
B.
Fermenters
C.
Bacteria
D.
Eukaryotes
E.
37.
The%number%one%worldwide%infections%diseases%are%____
AIDS-related%diseases
A.
Malaria%and%other%protozoan%diseases
B.
Respiratory%diseases
C.
Measles%and%other%rash%diseases
D.
Diarrheal%diseases
E.
38.
Many%chronic%medical%conditions%have%been%found%to%be%associated%with%microbial%agents
True
A.
False
B.
39.
The%incidence%of%deaths%from%communicable%disease%is%_____in%the%united%states%compared%to%the%entire%world.
Less
A.
Greater
B.
About%the%same
C.
40.
In%which%way%are%bacteria%and%eukaryotes%the%same?
Contain%nucleus%to%hold%DNA
A.
Contain%ribosomes%for%protein%synthesis
B.
Contain%membrane-bound%organelles
C.
Have%a%cell%wall%for%rigidity
D.
41.
In%which%way%are%archaea%and%eukaryotes%the%same?
Have%a%cell%wall%for%rigidity
A.
Can%use%flagella%for%movement
B.
Contain%mitochondria%for%energy%production
C.
Contain%membrane-bound%organelles
D.
42.
Organisms%called%parasites%are%______.
43.
The%decomposers%in%ecosystems
A.
Always%viruses
B.
Always%harmful%to%their%host
C.
Free-living
D.
Which%group%of%microorganisms%is%composed%only%of%hereditary%material%wrapped%in%a%protein%covering?
44.
Yeasts%
A.
Parasites
B.
Viruses
C.
Fungi
D.
Bacteria
E.
C
Which%of%the%following%unique%characteristic%of%viruses%that%distinguishes%them%from%the%other%major%groups%of%microorganisms?
Cannot%be%seen%without%a%microscope
A.
Contain%genetic%material
B.
Cause%human%disease
C.
Lack%a%nucleus
D.
Lack%cell%structure
E.
45.
Archaeal%cells%are%about%_____%bacterial%cells
Ten%times%smaller%than
A.
The%same%size%as
B.
Ten%times%larger%than
C.
46.
Many%chronic%infections%are%caused%by%microbes%that%associate%in%communities%termed
Biofilms
A.
Virions
B.
Microbiota
C.
Sediments
D.
47.
Which%of%the%following%historical%microbiologists%is%incorrectly%paired%with%his%contribution%to%the%science>
Francesco%Redi:%spontaneous%generation%with%meat%exposed%to%the%air%or%covered%with%cloth
A.
Louis%pasteur:%demonstrated%that%anthrax%was%caused%by%a%bacterium
B.
Joseph%lister:%promoted%disinfecting%hands%and%air%prior%to%surgery
C.
Antonie%van%leeuwuenhook:%made%and%used%quality%magnifying%lenses%to%observe%and%record%microorganisms
D.
48.
In%the%experiments%constructed%by%Pasteur%to%disprove%spontaneous%generations,%swan-necked%flasks%were%used.%Why%was%this%shape%
of%flask%used%in%this%experiment?
The%shape%of%the%glass%neck%allowed%the%bacteria%into%the%flask%and%then%into%the%media,%but%the%air%could%not%enter.%
A.
The%glass%necks%needed%to%be%open%to%the%air,%yet%constructed%so%that%bacteria%would%settle%in%the%lowest%part%of%the%neck
B.
These%flask%shapes%were%the%easiest%and%cheapest%to%produce
C.
Because%the%glass%necks%were%stretched%out,%the%heat%used%to%sterilize%the%medium%inside%of%the%flask%could%not%kill%the%bacteria%
in%the%neck.
D.
49.
Koch's%postulates%are%criteria%used%to%establish%that
Microbes%are%found%on%dust%particles
A.
A%specific%microbe%should%be%classified%in%a%specific%kingdom
B.
Microbes%can%be%used%to%clean%up%toxic%spills
C.
A%specific%microbe%is%the%cause%of%a%specific%disease
D.
50.
Which%of%the%following%is%not%a%recent%discovery%that%has%had%a%huge%impact%on%the%understanding%of%microbiology?
Restriction%enzymes
A.
PCR%technique
B.
Biofilms
C.
Small%RNAs
D.
All%are%significant%discoveries
E.
51.
The%sum%total%of%all%the%microbes%in%a%certain%environment%is%termed%the%____.
Microbiome
A.
Microbial%niche
B.
Domain%biofilm%phylogeny
C.
52.
Which%of%the%following%is%not%a%process%in%the%scientific%method?
Systematic%observation
A.
Development%of%a%theory
B.
Laboratory%experimentation
C.
Formulation%of%a%hypothesis
D.
Belief%in%a%preconceived%idea
E.
53.
Experimentation
First%step%in%the%scientific%method
A.
Designed%to%support%a%hypothesis
B.
Provides%a%means%to%gather%subjective%data
C.
Designed%to%refute%a%hypothesis
D.
Provides%a%means%to%gather%objective%data
E.
54.
The%scientific%method%includes%all%of%the%following%except%____
Experimentation
A.
Hypothesis
B.
Publication
C.
Observation
D.
55.
The%scientific%method%involves%formulation%a%tentative%explanation%called%the%hypothesis,%to%account%for%what%has%been%observed%or%
measured.
True
A.
False
B.
56.
Caring%for%patients%infection%with%a%new%virus%requires%safety%precautions%for%medical%personnel.%Choosing%appropriate%procedures%is%
an%example%of%a(n)%______%process.
Pathogenic
A.
Deductive
B.
Hypothetical
C.
Inductive
D.
57.
Sterile%refers%to%_____.
Homogenized
A.
Absence%of%any%life%forms%and%viral%particles
B.
Pathogen-free
C.
Pasteurized
D.
Absence%of%spores
E.
58.
Taxonomy%does%not%involve%______.
Classification
A.
A%common%name
B.
Nomenclature
C.
Identification
D.
59.
Which%scientific%field%is%involved%in%the%identification,%classification%and%naming%of%organisms?
Nomenclature
A.
Epidemiology
B.
Taxonomy
C.
Phylogeny
D.
Pathology
E.
60.
The%orderly%arrangement%of%organisms%into%a%hierarchy%of%taxa%is%called%______.
Experimentation%
A.
Biotechnology
B.
Classification
C.
Identification
D.
Nomenclature
E.
61.
Members%of%the%same%species%share%many%more%characteristics%compared%to%those%shared%by%members%of%the%same%kingdom
True
A.
False
B.
62.
Which%of%the%following%is%a%taxon%that%contains%all%other%taxa%listed??
Family
A.
Genus
B.
Kingdom
C.
Species
D.
Phylum
E.
63.
Smallest%and%most%significant%taxon%is%a%______.
Kingdom
A.
Phylum
B.
Species%
C.
Family
D.
Genus
E.
64.
Select%the%correct%descending%taxonomic%hierarchy%(left%to%right)
Class,%phylum,%order
A.
Family,%genus,%species
B.
Kingdom%domain,%phylum
C.
Family,%order,%class
D.
Genus,%species,%family
E.
65.
A%recently%developed%mnemonic%for%remembering%the%taxonomic%levels%from%domain%to%species%is%"dear%king%phillip%came%over%for
good%spaghetti"%What%does%the%word%cany%represent%in%the%taxonomic%level
Chain
A.
Culture
B.
Category
C.
Colony
D.
Class
E.
66.
Which%of%the%following%is%a%scientific%name?
Streptobacilli
A.
Gram-positive%streptococcus
B.
Anthrax
C.
Streptococcus)pyogenes
D.
67.
When%assigning%a%scientific%name%to%an%organism,
The%species%name%is%placed%first
A.
The%species%name%can%be%abbreviated
B.
Both%genus%and%species%names%are%italicized%or%underlined
C.
Both%genus%and%species%names%are%capitalized%
D.
The%species%name%is%capitalized
E.
68.
Which%scientific%name%is%written%correctly
S..%aureus
A.
Staphylococcus%aureus
B.
Staphylococcus%Aureus
C.
staphylococcus%aureus
D.
Staphylococcus)aureus
E.
69.
The%names%of%the%three%proposed%domains%are:%Bacteria,%Protista,%and%Eukarya
True
A.
False
B.
70.
A%diagram%of%the%three%domains%(bacteria,%archaea,%eukarya)%proceeding%from%the%last%universal%common%ancestor%would%show%
archaea%
Branching%off%the%Domain%Bacteria
A.
Branching%off%the%Domain%Eukarya
B.
As%the%original%cells%from%which%the%others%derived
C.
71.
Analysis%of%the%small%subunit%rRNAs%from%all%organisms%in%the%three%current%domains%suggest%that
The%prokaryotes,%archaea,%and%eukaryotes%are%not%related
A.
The%eukaryotes%rose%from%prokaryotes
B.
The%archaea%are%more%closely%related%to%bacteria%than%eukaryotes
C.
All%modern%and%extinct%organisms%on%earth%arose%from%a%common%ancestor
D.
72.
The%study%of%evolutionary%relationships%among%organisms%is%called
Genetics
A.
Biotechnology
B.
Phylogeny
C.
Taxonomy
D.
Recombinant%DNA
E.
73.
A%scientist%studying%the%sequence%of%nucleotides%in%the%rRNA%of%a%bacterial%species%is%workin%gon%
Recombinant%dna
A.
Nomenclature
B.
Determining%evolutionary%relatedness
C.
Bioremediation
D.
Determining%if%that%species%is%the%cause%of%a%new%disease
E.
74.
Trees%of%life%that%illustrate%the%phylogenetic%relationships%of%all%organisms%were%traditionally%based%on%_____:%newer%methods%for%
determining%phylogeny%rely%on%______.
Morphology;%virology
A.
Nucleic%acid%sequences;%morphology
B.
Nucleic%acid%sequences;%microbiomes
C.
Morphology;%nutritional%requirements
D.
75.
Differences/similarities%of%prokaryotic%and%eukaryotic%cells%(5):%
Prokaryotic
A.
Eukaryotic
B.
76.
What%are%the%three%isolation%methods?%Describe%them:
77.
What%is%a%colony?
78.
What%is%a%culture?
79.
What%are%the%5%medias?%Describe%them:%
80.
Positive%vs.%Negative%staining:
81.
What%is%gram%staining?
82.
List%other%stains:
83.
The%magnification%occurs%in%two%phases;%objective%lens%forms%the%_____%while%the%______%lens%forms%the%virtual%image:
84.
Results%when%the%visible%light%waves%pass%through%a%curved%lens;%the%light%experiences%refraction;%the%image%is%enlarged%to%a particular%
degree:%
85.
Describes%the%relative%efficiency%of%a%lens%in%bending%light%rays:
86.
The%ability%to%distinguish%two%adjacent%objects%or%points%from%one%another,%also%known%as%resolving%power
87.
88.
How%to%find%magnification%power?%(equation)
89.
A"patient"has"oral"lesions"that"look"like"salt"crystals"surrounded"by"a"red"halo."Which"disease"is"indicated?
rubella
A.
chickenpox
B.
measles
C.
Erysipelas
D.
90.
The"first"disease"for"which"immunization"was"perfected"was
small"pox
A.
polio
B.
ringworm
C.
measles
D.
91.
Which"of"the"following"types"of"warts"are"found"on"the"soles"of"the"feet?
flat"warts
A.
seed"warts
B.
genital"warts
C.
plantar"warts
D.
92.
As"a"group,"the"normal"microbial"residents"of"the"body"make"up"the"____
93.
Pyoderma"is"a"contagious"skin"disease"called"_____
94.
Four"types"of"folliculitis:"
95.
Characteristics"of"the"skin:
96.
The$entire$epidermis$is$replaced$every$___$to$___$days.
97.
Located$several$layers$below$the$stratum$corneum,$the$stratum$______$is$attached$to$the$dermis$and$is$the$
source$of$cells$that$make$up$the$epidermis.
98.
The$normal$biota$of$the$skin$must$be$capable$of$living$in$____$and$______$conditions.
99.
Maculopapular:
100.
Maculopapular$diseases:$
101.
Non-maculopapular$rash:$caused$by$microorganisms:
102.
Descriptions$and$symptoms,$how$they$are$transmitted,$if$they$are$caused$by$microbes/bacteria/viruses,$and$
the$treatment$of:$
Measles:
Impetigo:$
Cellulitis:
Chicken$pox:
Shingles:
Hand/foot/mouth:
Warts:
Anthrax:
Ringworm:$
Conjuctivitis:$
ANSWER$KEY:
D
1.
Virus, bacteria, algae, fungi, protozoa
2.
Bacteria archaea eukarya
3.
Archaea bacteria eukarya
4.
Archaea, bacteria, Protista, fungi, plantae, animale
5.
Inoculation: adding microorganisms to medium
6.
incubation: time to grow (media)
isolation: separating one cell from all others-forms colony (spread plate, streak plate, pour plate)
inspection/identification: what happened? What grew? Microscope
Bacteriology
6.
virology
phycology
protozoology
mycology
immunology
web of life is more accurate because of different species cross-breeding instead of genes simply being passed down such as a
tree of life.
7.
The water can get contaminated and pick up bacteria from the environment. Boiling it will kill most of the microorganisms in
the water system.
8.
D
9.
Endosymbiotic theory—eukaryotic cells originated from symbiotic prokaryotic cell that is small.
10.
prokaryotes living inside larger prokaryotic cells
Oil spills- microorganisms degrade organic contaminants in soil, groundwater, sludge, and solids. Use them as an energy
source
11.
C Prions
12.
Bacteria in the microbiome help us digest our food, regulate the immune system, protect against other bacteria(pathogens) that
cause disease, and produce vitamins including b vitamins.
13.
Bacteria and archaea have more complex structures than eukaryotic cells
14.
D
15.
Microbes do not have brains, they cannot intentionally cause human disease. They respond to stimuli and move toward
nutrients to survive
16.
C
17.
C
18.
Microorganisms are recognized using a binomial nomenclature using two words to denote a species. The first is genus and the
second is the species
19.
B
20.
E
21.
B
22.
C
23.
B
24.
B
25.
C
26.
C
27.
B
28.
B
29.
C
30.
A
31.
A
32.
D
33.
E
34.
A
35.
B
36.
A
37.
C
38.
A
39.
A
40.
B
41.
B
42.
C
43.
C
44.
A
45.
E
46.
C
47.
A
48.
B
49.
B
50.
E
51.
A
52.
A
53.
E
54.
E
55.
A
56.
B
57.
B
58.
B
59.
C
60.
C
61.
A
62.
A
63.
C
64.
B
65.
E
66.
D
67.
D
68.
E
69.
B, Bacteria, archaea, eukarya
70.
B
71.
D
72.
C
73.
C
74.
B
75.
Pro vs eu
Prokaryotic:
No nucleus
1.
No membrane bound organelles
2.
Smaller cells than eukaryotes
3.
Bacteria/archaea
4.
Binary fission: separation of. Parent cell into two new daughter cells
5.
Circular DNA
6.
1.
Eukaryotic:
Has nucleus
1.
Has membrane-bound organelles
2.
Larger cells than prokaryotic cells
3.
Eukarya: fungi, Protista, animale, Plantae
4.
Mitosis- division
5.
Linear DNA
6.
2.
76.
Streak, pour, spread plate
Streak plate: use Q tip-zig zag across media, turn 90 degrees, zig zag again. Topical
1.
Pour plate: microbe grows in agar and on top, inoculated directly into agar tubes, poured into Petri dish, allowed
to solidify
2.
Pipetted or dropped on top of agar evenly
3.
77.
A pile of microbes that is visible to the naked eye
78.
Culture is like a batch. For example, a farmer’s crop: the media is the soil and the culture is the flower in a pot
79.
Defined media: known inputs/output
80.
complex media: unknown, many types of bacteria. (Animal/vegetable Broth/agar)
enriched: complex organic 4 fast growth—fastidious. (Blood/serum/peptide)
selective: growth of certain microbes, others that are present do not grow
differential: grows all types of microorganisms-staining makes them visible
Positive: dye sticks to a specimen to give it color. Many cell parts are negatively charged, and it attracts positively charged
dyes
81.
negative: staining in which the dye does not stick to the specimen but the boundaries. Creates silhouette
Most universal diagnostic staining technique for BACTERIA
Separates microbes into categories: gram neg or positive
•
Basis for categorizing bacteria by taxonomy
•
82.
Stains
83.
-Differential: two diff colored dyes
-Simple: single dye, reveals shape/size/arrangement of cells
Real image; ocular lens
84.
Magnification
85.
Numerical aperture
86.
Resolution
87.
88.
•
4x- scanning lens
•
10x- low power lens
•
40x- high power lens
•
100x- oil immersion objective
•
•
Objective power(4x/10x/40x/100x) X eyepiece/ocular power(10x)=total magnification
89.
Ex: 10x X 4x= 40x total magnification
C: virus-Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
90.
A
91.
D
92.
Microbiota
93.
Impetigo
94.
Pimples, styes, caruncles, carbuncles
95.
Contains a waterproof protein, largest organ, has a resident biota which is a living bacteria that fights off infections and bad
bacteria. Has keratin
96.
25-45 days
97.
Stratum basale
98.
Dry and salty
99.
Rash disease that is flat and slightly raised color bumps
100.
Measles, rubella, scarlet fever, roseola, parvo
101.
Impetigo, cellulitis, warts
102.
Measles: contagious infection, contagious and active virus for two hours
cause: VIRUS—morbillivirus
symptoms: flu-like symptoms, total body skin rash
transmission: infected nasal/throat secretion—sneezing/coughing/breathing
treatment: immunization prior to—immune globulin (antibiotics)
Impetigo: skin infection in young people
cause: BACTERIA—Staphylococcus aureus
Symptoms: itchy sores and blisters
transmission: contact with skin lesions/ objects infected with bacteria
treatment: antibiotics
Cellulitis: deep infection of skin
cause: BACTERIA—staphylococcus and streptococcus break in skin
Symptoms: reness, swelling, tenderness
transmission: isn’t from spread of person to person—infection of deeper layers of skin
treatment: prescription of an antibiotic: amputation, shock, death
Chicken pox: contagious skin disease
cause: VIRUS— varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Symptoms: spotty itchy rash, after 5-10 days spots dry out and crust over, and fall off
transmission: direct contact and aerosol, stays in body forever
treatment: controlling the itching with medication and creams
Shingles: painful rash of small blisters in defined area—months/years
cause: VIRUS— varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Symptoms: blisters in defined area.
transmission: direct contact with rash or breathing virus particles that get mixed in the air
treatment: no cure—vaccine to prevent
Hand/foot/mouth: mild contagious viral infection in young kids
cause: VIRUS— coxsackievirus
Symptoms: sores in mouth and rash on hands/feet
transmission: kissing, hugging , coughing, sneezing, poop, touching objects with virus. Fingers in eyes, nose or mouth
treatment: no direct treatment, fluids, paracetamol, quarantine, oral anesthetic
Warts: non-cancerous viral cell growths on hands and feet or genitals/face. Usually kids
cause: VIRUS—HPV
Symptoms: rough hard wart
transmission: infects cuts in the skin and mouths of kids. Picking and biting of warts spreads it
treatment: wash hands after touching. Blemycin injection, freezing off
Anthrax:
cause: BACTERIA—Bacillus anthraces
Symptoms: skin sores, vomiting and shock
transmission: touching or eating contaminated meat or inhaling the spores
treatment: antibacterial
Ringworm: fungi lives on skin hair and nails, when gets warm and moist it grows out of control
cause: FUNGUS—dermatophytes
Symptoms: itchiness, hair loss, rash shaped ling ring, hair falling out in patches
transmission: skin to skin
treatment: antifungal medication. Cream/lotion/powder for 2-4 weeks
Conjunctivitis: Pink eye: inflammation from infection or allergies
cause: VIRUS/BACTERIA/ALLERGY/IRRITANTS—Steptococcus pneumoniae/haemophiilus influenzae
Symptoms: red and inflamed, sticky discharge.
transmission: direct contact or object
treatment: antiviral drugs or antibiotics
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