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(Science) questions and answers
Insulin - A hormone secreted by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels Testosterone - Steroid hormone used to make men more manly Estrogen - Female sex hormone Progesterone - secreted by the ovaries; prepares the uterus for pregnancy Solution - Homogeneous mixture of two or more substances Volume - The amount of space an object takes up Mass - The amount of matter in an object Weight - The force of gravity on an object Density - Mass / Volume
(Science) questions and answers
Matter - Anything that has mass and takes up space Porosity - Related to the amount of open space (holes) in rock and is a measure of the rock's ability to hold water Scientists believe that the solar system formed from which of the following? - A cloud of gas and dust was squeezed together by gravitational waves that resulted from the explosion of a nearby star Temperature - A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of matter Physical Change - Change in the matter that does not alter the chemical composition of a substance Ex) Cutting, Heating, or changing shape Solute - Substance being dissolved Ex) Salt
(Science) questions and answers
Decomposition - Single substance that is broken down into two or more substances Synthesis - Two substances combine to form one substance Combustion - Produces heat, CO2 and H2O usually by burning a fuel Oxidation - Chemical change in which a substance loses electrons, such as when iron rusts when exposed to oxygen, forming iron oxide Chemical Change - Bonds between atoms are made or broken resulting in new substances Deposition - Gas to Solid Sublimation - Solid to Gas
(Science) questions and answers
Peripheral Nervous System - Includes small cells called neurons that transmit info throughout the body using electrical signals Central Nervous System - Includes brain and spinal cord and is where info is processed and stored Carbohydrates - Sugars that act as a source of energy Lipids - Fats- way for organisms to store energy Ionic Bonds - Two ions with opposite charges are attracted to each other and bind together Covalent Bonds - Atoms share electrons Fungi - Unicellular and Multicellular organisms that have unique cell walls and reproduction strategies Sexually- Spores Asexually- Cell Division
(Science) questions and answers
Crust - Earth's outermost layer. Lithosphere - Planet's surface layer where tectonic plates roam Ozone Layer - Captures harmful radiation from the sun, is located in the Stratosphere Phases of Mitosis - Interphase, prophase metaphase, anaphase, telophase I-PMAT Interphase - period of the cell cycle between cell divisions in which the cell grows Prophase - Chromosomes become visible Metaphase - chromosomes become attached to the spindle fibers Anaphase - Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
(Science) questions and answers
Telophase - After the chromosome seperates, the cell seals off, Final Phase of Mitosis. Mitosis - The replication of cells and produces two cells with the same DNA Meiosis - Reproduction of sex cells Eukaryotic Cells - Protists, Fungi, Animals and Plants Prokaryotic Cell - Bacteria Chromatin - long strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus; condense to form chromosomes Chromosomes - DNA condenses Nucleolus - Structure where Ribosomes are made
(Science) questions and answers
Newton's First Law - Objects in motion tend to stay in motion unless acted on by an opposite force Newton's Second Law - F=M*A Newton's Third Law - With every action there is an opposite or equal reaction Approximately how long ago did the first anatomically modern humans appear on the Earth - 200,000 years ago Which of the following best describes the process by which most waves on the oceans surface are created - The Wind stirs the ocean's surface over great distances Shape of the Milky Way - A Spiral Disk Which structure is responsible for regulating basic functions such as respiration and heartbeat? - Brainstem
(Science) questions and answers
If two brown-eyed parents each carry a recessive gene for blue eyes, what is the probablitiy of them having a blue eyed child? - 1/4th Groups on a Periodic Table - Columns; Have the same number of electrons in the outer orbitals Periods on a Periodic Table - Rows; Have the same number of atomic orbitals Elements with similar chemical and physical properties are arranged in? - Columns or groups and families Primary Consumers - Herbivores feeding on plants Producers - Include plants and algae that produce energy directly from the sun Classifications of Organisms - Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus and Species
(Science) questions and answers
Lithification - Process by which sediments are compacted and cemented into sedimentary rocks The following event takes place most often during a calendar year? - The Earth completes a full rotation on its axis; 24 hours Commensalism - Relationships between two organisms where one organism benefits from the other without affecting it Which of the following best describes the relationship between electricity and magnetism? - Electricity can be used to create magnetism and vice versa Mescaline is classified as what type of drug? - A hallucinogen Weathering - The mechanical and or chemical processes by which rocks break down Erosion - The resulting sediments is deposited in a new location
(Science) questions and answers
Digestive System - Breaks down food into nutrients for use by the body's cells Digestive System formation - Mouth- Esophagus- stomach- small- large intestines and then rectum Excretory System - Eliminates waste -kidneys, bladder, skin Excretory System Function - The liver- which breaks down harmful substances, The Kidney- which filter waste from the bloodstream Respiratory System - Brings in oxygen and lets out carbon dioxide -nose mouth, trachea, lungs Respiratory System Function - Nose- Mouth- Trachea- Bronchi- Lungs-Bronchioles- composed of millions of small alveoli
(Science) questions and answers
Skeletal System - Composed of the body's bones and joints, provides support for the body and helps with movement Muscular System - Allows the body to move and also moves bloog and other substances through the body Three types of muscles - Skeletal Muscles- Voluntary Smooth Muscles- Involuntary Cardiac Muscles- Involuntary Immune System - Protects the body from infection by foreign particles and organisms Nervous System - Processes external stimuli and sends signals throughout the body Endocrine System - Is a collection of organs that produce hormones, which are chemicals that regulate bodily processes
(Science) questions and answers
5 Levels of Ecology from smallest to largest - Organisms, Populations, Communities, Ecosystems and Biosphere Organisms - an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form Populations - Groups of organisms of the same species living in the same geographic area Communities - Different species living together in the same geographic region Ecosystem - Collection of living and nonliving features in a geographic area Biosphere - Living and nonliving parts of the earth Parasitic - Relationship in which one organism benefits to the detriment of the other Secondary Consumers - (Carnivores) Which consumer herbivores
(Science) questions and answers
Kinetic Energy - The energy possessed by objects in motion Potential Energy - Possessed by objects that have the potential to be in motion due to their position Four different types of Potential Energy - Gravitational, Electric, Elastic and Chemical Potential Energy Gravitational Potential Energy - Derived from the pull of the earth's gravity on the book Electric Potential Energy - Derived from the interaction between positive and negative charges Elastic Potential Energy - Compressing a spring stores Chemical Potential Energy - Energy is stored in chemical bonds Energy can be transferred by... - Radiation, Convection, Conduction and Waves
(Science) questions and answers
Radiation - Does not need a medium; the sun radiates energy to Earth through the vacuum of space Conduction - Occurs when two substances are in contact with each other; Pan is placed on a hot stove, the heat energy is conducted from the stove to the pan and then to the food Convection - Transfers energy through circular movement of air or liquids; hot air rises and cold air sinks Waves - Which are repeating pulses of energy Mechanical Waves - Waves that travel through a medium, like ripples on a pond or compressions on a slinky Transverse Waves - Waves that vibrate up and down (like the ripples on a pond) Longitudinal Waves - Travel through compression like a slinky
