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Pharmacy Department
Third Level - Lab 1
prepared by: Dr. Alhussein Arkan
Dr. Mohamed Alaa
Preparation and standardization of 1N HCl solution
Introduction:
Titration: A titration involves performing a controlled reaction between a solution
of known concentration (the titrant) and a solution of unknown concentration (the
analytic).
Standard solution: a solution in which the concentration of a solute is precisely
known.
Standardization: determination of the normality or molarity of solution
Titration endpoint: the point at which both reactants have been completely
consumed by the known reaction can be detected.
Laboratory grade hydrochloric acid cannot be used as primary standard.
As it is not sufficiently pure because of its gaseous form at room temperature
So, the solution of hydrochloric acid needs to be standardized before any
analytical applications.
In order to standardize it, one must have a primary standard and
Primary standard: is a pure reagent that have to be
1. Extremely pure
2. Stable
3. Have no water of hydration,
4. Have a high molecular weight.
Examples:
1. Anhydrous sodium carbonate (eq. Wt.= 53)
