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Principles In Community And Public Health Nursing Exam
Questions And Correct Answers
A public health nurse has been assigned to call a client who speaks a different language than the nurse. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates cultural competency? a. Ask the client's family member to help with interpretation. b. Ask the office receptionist who can speak multiple languages to help with interpretation. c. Use the organization's interpretation or translation service for this call. d. Speak slowly and use simple terms. - answer c. Use the organization's interpretation or translation service for this call. Rationale: Language barriers can lead to miscommunication, and use of an interpretation or translation service can help to improve satisfaction, quality, and safety of care. A nurse is speaking with the nursing supervisor about a staffing shortage and its implications for staff on their unit. Which of the following forms of advocacy is the nurse demonstrating? a. Political and legislative advocacy b. Professional advocacy c. Community advocacy d. Client advocacy - answer b. Professional advocacy Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating professional advocacy by speaking with the nursing supervisor regarding the staffing shortage on their unit and its implications for staff, such as burnout and safety concerns. A public health nurse working in the community center asks the nurse manager where nurses can obtain information on the competencies that public health nurses should possess. Which document should the nurse manager recommend? a. The Minnesota Model for Public Health Nursing Practice
b. Nurse Practice Act (NPA) c. American Nurses Association (ANA): Code of Ethics d. Public Health Nursing Competencies - answer d. Public Health Nursing Competencies Rationale: The nurse manager should direct the public health nurses to the Public Health Nursing Competencies, which provide guidance on the competencies for public health nurses. A nurse is reinforcing teaching to community nurses about the scope of nursing practice in the community. Which of the following statements by a nurse indicates understanding of the "what" part of the American Nursing Associations's (ANA) description of the scope of practice? a. "I will focus on being committed as I provide care to protect the health and well-being of my clients." b. "I understand that scope of practice refers to staff such as LPNs, RNs, and APNs." c. "It is important that I remember that nursing care is to be provided wherever it is needed." d. "My goal is to collaborate with my colleagues effectively to create positive client outcomes." - answer a. "I will focus on being committed as I provide care to protect the health and well-being of my clients." Rationale: This statement shows the nurse has effectively understood the teaching. The "what" part is indicated by the care and commitment the nurse shows to protect and promote the health and well-being of their clients. A community health nurse reports that some families are in desperate need of basic preventative health care services. Which of the following principles supports providing resources to families in the community that are in need? a. Justice b. Beneficence c. Autonomy d. Nonmaleficence - answer b. Beneficence Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating the ethical principle of beneficence. Beneficence is
A nurse working in a community health clinic is caring for a client who reports they have not slept for several days. Which of the following responses should the nurse give? a. "Have you tried melatonin?" b. "I have issues falling asleep every night as well." c. "You need to stop drinking coffee." d. "What has made it difficult for you to sleep lately?" - answer d. "What has made it difficult for you to sleep lately?" Rationale: The nurse should provide a response that demonstrates acknowledgment of the client's concern and that is open-ended as well as genuine. This provides an opportunity for the client to discuss their situation and emotions further. A nurse is teaching a client who has asthma on the use of an inhaler. Which of the following resources should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Give a demonstration of how to use the inhaler followed by the teach-back approach. b. Provide only a video teaching about asthma. c. Offer the phone number of the manufacturer of the inhaler. d. Provide the client with a brochure to learn more about asthma. - answer a. Give a demonstration of how to use the inhaler followed by the teach-back approach. Rationale: The nurse should use informative communication, including effective verbal and nonverbal skills, when teaching a client who has asthma on the proper use of an inhaler. Teaching the information and then asking the client to demonstrate the use of an inhaler will ensure understanding of the instructions.
A nurse working at a community health clinic is reviewing the staff schedule and notices the clinic has been working short staffed for the past 3 months. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to address this issue? a. Cancel and reschedule client appointments to times when staff are available. b. Speak to clients and get feedback about the scheduling challenges. c. Speak to the manager and advocate for a strategy that ensures adequate staffing. d. Close the clinic early due to staffing concerns. - answer c. Speak to the manager and advocate for a strategy that ensures adequate staffing. Rationale: By speaking to the stakeholder and advocating for better staffing considerations, the nurse is demonstrating an ability to help shape and inform policy making for this important issue. A nurse is caring for a client who is dying and wishes to discontinue taking their medications. Which of the following ethical principles is the nurse demonstrating by respecting the client's decision? a. Nonmaleficence b. Beneficence c. Autonomy d. Justice - answer c. Autonomy Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating the ethical principle of autonomy by respecting the client's wishes. Autonomy is the ability to be able to make informed decisions independently.
Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating the element of autonomy of practice of nursing's social contract. Autonomy of practice involves providing education of disease management and insulin administration within the scope and standards of practice for a community health nurse. A nurse is preparing an orientation for newly licensed community health nurses on the standards of professional practice. Which of the following is a critical thinking model that describes a competent level of nursing care? a. Elements and Standards Model b. The nursing process c. The Minnesota Model for Public Health Nursing Practice d.Professional Nursing Model - answer b. The nursing process Rationale: The nursing process is a critical thinking model describing a competent level of nursing care. When the nursing process is applied in community health settings, the nurse has the opportunity to employ systematic strategies when caring for clients. The nurse will use interpersonal and intellectual skills in combination with clinical judgment to promote client health and safety of the populations involved. A nurse working in the family planning clinic is working with an adolescent client who has expressed interest in birth control options. Which of the following is an example of how the nurse can practice with compassion and value the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of the client? a. Take responsibility for recommending that the client use hormonal contraception. b. Advocate for the right of the minor's parents to authorize prescribed birth control medication. c. Establish a rapport by respecting the client's interests and providing education on all
birth control options. d. Promote the use of contraception among the client's peers at a community event. - answer c. Establish a rapport by respecting the client's interests and providing education on all birth control options. Rationale: Provision 1 of the American Nurses Association (ANA)Code of Ethics is when the nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person. A community health nurse is reinforcing teaching to new nures on a scenario in which a nurse has forgotten to refer a client to a social worker, causing a delay in medication coverage for the client. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates the element of responsibility and accountability under nursing's social contract? a. The nurse requests to speak to their supervisor to discuss workload. b. The nurse explains the reason why the delay occurred. c. The nurse makes excuses for the delay. d. The nurse accepts fault in the delay of the client's medication coverage. - answer d. The nurse accepts fault in the delay of the client's medication coverage. Rationale: In accepting the fault for the situation, the nurse is demonstrating the element of responsibility and accountability of nursing's social contract. The nurse has accepted fault and is transparent about the situation. A nurse is caring for a client who does not have proper understanding of a surgical procedure that is scheduled for the next day. The nurse notifies the client's provider. Which of the following concepts is the nurse demonstrating?
a. Veracity b. Autonomy c. Accountability d. Justice - answer d. Justice Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating the ethical principle of justice, which refers to fairness. Community and public health nursing agree to strive for justice in health care and resources for all clients' well-being. A nurse working at a community health center is caring for a client that reports disappointment and feeling ashamed of their weight. Which of the following responses should the nurse give? a. "How about if you start tracking your caloric intake?" b. "Many people struggle with weight loss." c. "What has been bothering you the most about your weight?" d. "Medications may be able to help you lose a lot of weight if you'd like to try that." - answer c. "What has been bothering you the most about your weight?" Rationale: This is the most appropriate response by the nurse because it acknowledges the client's expressed concerns, is open-ended, and encourages further discussion. A nurse is reviewing a client's medical record with a dietician who is part of the client's interdisciplinary team. Which of the following elements of Nursing's Social Contract is the nurse demonstrating? a. Collaboration
b. Responsibility and accountability c. Progress and Development d. Ethical Practice - answer a. Collaboration Rationale: The nurse is discussing the client's medical record with the dietitian, which is a demonstration of Collaboration. Collaboration with members of the interdisciplinary team is critical in providing effective care so that each aspect of the client's needs will be met. A nurse is preparing to discharge a client with a newborn who has a tracheostomy and will require apnea monitoring at home. Which of the following resources should the nurse recommend to the client to assist with tracheostomy care and apnea monitoring? a. Community center clinic b. Ambulatory care center c. Occupational health center d. Home health care - answer d. Home health care Rationale: The home health care agency will provide services to the client by assisting with education on tracheostomy care and on using the apnea machine properly for the newborn. A nurse is requesting a referral for a case manager for a client who requires financial assistance for their medications. Which of the following forms of advocacy is the nurse demonstrating? a. Client advocacy b. Professional advocacy
updated policy? a. Recruit teachers to help spread the word about the immunization requirement. b. Establish one-on-one counseling sessions for each of the students' families about immunizations. c. Organize virtual educational sessions on immunizations within the school district. d. Inform the students who will enter 7th grade of the required additional vaccine. - answer c. Organize virtual educational sessions on immunizations within the school district. Rationale: The school nurse should realize that a public policy measure, such as increased immunizations for school attendance, is to promote the safety and well-being of clients in the school population. Therefore, it is appropriate for the school nurse to advocate for the approach that would be best suited to motivate the student population and inform their families of the new vaccine requirement.
