Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Principles of Neuroscience and Brain Function, Quizzes of Psychology

National Institute of Mental Health and NeurosciencesPsychology

Various topics related to the principles of neuroscience and brain function. It discusses the characteristics of natural selection, the role of genetic mutations, the connection between the brain and emotions, the functions of different brain regions, the properties of neurons and action potentials, and the effects of environmental factors on brain development. A comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts in neuroscience, covering topics such as neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and the mechanisms underlying brain function and behavior. This information could be useful for students studying fields like biology, psychology, neuroscience, or cognitive science, as it provides a solid foundation for understanding the complex workings of the human brain.

Typology: Quizzes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 03/10/2024

janki-rajyaguru
janki-rajyaguru 🇮🇳

2 documents

1 / 20

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1) The certain characteristics of the principle of natural selection propose that will become
more prevalent in a species that:
a) increase the likelihood that an organism will completely reproduce
b) are associated with multiple genetic mutations
c) inhibit reproduction behaviors
d) impair adaptation to the local environment
2) Genetic mutations are involved in:
a) The accidental changing in the chromosomes of eggs and sperms
b) poor adaptation to the environment
c) increased reproductive success
d) both a and b
3) Who was the first that linked the brain with emotions and thought?
a) Descartes
b) Hippocrates
c) Aristotle
d) Galen
4) which is the correct statements for Descartes would have been most comfortable with?
a) the universe is a mental construction
b) the body is a hallucination produced by the mind
c) the mind is not made up of matter
d) everything is made of matter
5) 5) The basal ganglia is responsible for?
a) movement
b) motion
c) force
d) memory
6) 6) The important function of the corpus callosum is to:
a) interconnect the cerebral hemispheres
b) Movements of the mouth and neck
c) channel sensory information and relay center’s
d) Handle the outcome of neurohormones from the pituitary
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14

Partial preview of the text

Download Principles of Neuroscience and Brain Function and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. The certain characteristics of the principle of natural selection propose that will become more prevalent in a species that: a) increase the likelihood that an organism will completely reproduce b) are associated with multiple genetic mutations c) inhibit reproduction behaviors d) impair adaptation to the local environment
  2. Genetic mutations are involved in: a) The accidental changing in the chromosomes of eggs and sperms b) poor adaptation to the environment c) increased reproductive success d) both a and b
  3. Who was the first that linked the brain with emotions and thought? a) Descartes b) Hippocrates c) Aristotle d) Galen
  4. which is the correct statements for Descartes would have been most comfortable with? a) the universe is a mental construction b) the body is a hallucination produced by the mind c) the mind is not made up of matter d) everything is made of matter
    1. The basal ganglia is responsible for? a) movement b) motion c) force d) memory
    1. The important function of the corpus callosum is to: a) interconnect the cerebral hemispheres b) Movements of the mouth and neck c) channel sensory information and relay center’s d) Handle the outcome of neurohormones from the pituitary
  1. Normally, how many cells are present in a brain? a) 100 billion b) 10 lac c) 1 thousand d) 1 billion
    1. Which response the cerebellum? a) emotion b) learning c) coordination d) memory system
    1. Positron emission tomography scans calculated by? a) electrical activity only b) metabolic activity only c) both types of activity d) both a and b
  4. Who was the earliest case study? a) Mark Smith b) Phillip May c) HM d) Phineas Gage
  5. suppose, only one MZ twin of human is diagnosed with a disorder, then we called… a) concordant b) cordant c) discordant d) both a and c
  6. The function of antisense oligonucleotides is? a) block production of enzymes encoded by genes b) block release of enzymes c) block release of proteins d) block release of enzymes and protein
  7. The myelin sheath is made from? a) 80% Lipid and 20% protein b) 40% lipid and 60% protein c) 100% lipid d) 10% lipid and 90% protein
  8. Which is the fastest route of administering drugs? a) intraperitoneal injection b) intramuscular injection c) intravenous injection d) both a and b
  1. When a neuron is activated by a stimulus, the inside of the cell becomes positively charged for a split second. This creates an electrical impulse that travels down the axon towards the end of the neuron. What process does this describe?: Action potential
  2. The theory that all parts of the brain are involved in the processing of thought and action is called...: Holistic theory
  3. Broca's area is located in the...: Left frontal lobe.
  4. Damage to which area of the brain may result in a loss of control of fine movements?: The motor area
  5. Most of the damage to Phineas Gage's brain was sustained in the...: Frontal lobe.
  6. The deleting of rarely used connections in the brain is known as...: Synaptic pruning.
  7. In the maguire et al study of London taxi drivers which area was seen to have undergone learning-induced changes?: Posterior hippocampus 12. Bezzola et al study saw 40 hours of training produce changes in the neural representations of movement within which sport?: Golf
  8. The fact that language is controlled by the left hemisphere in most people is known as...: Lateralization
  9. If an object was shown to the left visual field of one of Sperry's patients, they would report...: That there was nothing there.
  10. What is specialised in the right hemisphere in most people?: Musical ability
  11. A method of detecting changes in blood oxygenation and flow that occur as a result of neural activity best describes what?: fMRI
  12. Which scanning technique is most likely to measure 'global' brain activity rather than specific areas of activity/damage?: EEG
  13. Which brain scanning technique uses a statistical averaging technique to remove extraneous scan data?: ERP
  14. Describe a post-morgen examination.: Examining the brain after death.
  15. What is an example of a circadian rhythm?: The sleep/wake cycle
  1. In Siffre's cave study and Aschoff and Wever's bunker study the biological clock is not influenced by exogenous zeitgebers. Within these studies the biological clock is described as...: Free wheeling.
  2. Core body temperature varies by approximately how many degrees over a 24 hour period?: 2°C
  3. Research into circadian rhythms has contributed to our understanding of chronotherapeutics. What is chronotherapeutics?: The study of the timing of drug dosing.
  4. The Stern and McClintock study investigated the influence of which chemicals?: Pheromones
  5. Rapid Eye Movement (R.E.M.) occurs in which phase of the sleep cycle.: Stage 5
  6. Melatonin is secreted by the...: Pituitary gland.
  7. The SCN is located within which part of the brain?: Hypothalamus.
  8. The mutant hamster in the Ralph et al study were bred to have circadian rhythms of how long?: 20 hours
  9. Campbell and Murphy's participants had light shone...: On the back of their knees.
  10. DSPD stands for?: Delayed sleep phase disorder
  11. The ________ receive(s) incoming signals from other neurons. a. soma b. terminal buttons c. myelin sheath d. dendrites
  12. A(n) ________ facilitates or mimics the activity of a given neurotransmitter system. a. axon b. SSRI c. agonist d. antagonist
  1. The ________ is a sensory relay station where all sensory information, except for smell, goes before being sent to other areas of the brain for further processing. a. amygdala b. hippocampus c. hypothalamus d. thalamus
  2. Damage to the ________ disrupts one’s ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one’s ability to produce words intact. a. amygdala b. Broca’s Area c. Wernicke’s Area d. occipital lobe
  3. A(n) ________ uses magnetic fields to create pictures of a given tissue. a. EEG b. MRI c. PET scan d. CT scan
  4. Which of the following is not a structure of the forebrain? a. thalamus b. hippocampus c. amygdala d. substantia nigra
  5. The two kinds of cells in the nervous system are __________, which receive and transmit information to other cells, and __________, which do not transmit information. A) neurons, glia B) glia, hypoglia C) glia, neurons D) neurons, corpuscles
  1. The outer surface of a cell is called the __________ and the fluid inside the cell is the __________. A) cytoplasm, endoplasm B) membrane, nuclear fluid C) wall, goo D) membrane, cytoplasm
  2. Which structure within an animal cell contains the chromosomes? A) endoplasmic reticulum B) mitochondrion C) membrane D) nucleus
  3. The main feature that distinguishes a neuron from other cells is the neuron's A) larger nucleus. B) ability to metabolize a variety of fuels. C) high internal concentration of sodium ions. D) varied shape.
  4. Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus? A) cell body B) dendrites C) axon D) presynaptic ending
  1. An interneuron is A) a glia cell that separates one neuron from another. B) a neuron that receives all its information from other neurons and conveys impulses only to other neurons. C) a neuron that has its cell body in the spinal cord and an axon that extends to a muscle or gland. D) a cell whose properties are halfway between those of a neuron and those of a glia cell.
  2. A neuron that conveys information toward the hippocampus is considered a (an) __________ cell, with regard to the hippocampus. A) afferent B) efferent C) intrinsic D) motor
  3. A neuron that conveys information away from the hippocampus is considered a (an) __________ cell, with regard to the hippocampus. A) afferent B) efferent C) intrinsic D) sensory
  4. A neuron that has an axon and dendrites that branch diffusely, but only extend within a small radius, is probably a(n)_________. A) Purkinje cell

B) motor neuron in the spinal cord C) interneuron D) sensory neuron

  1. In the human brain, glia cells are A) larger than neurons. B) capable of transmitting impulses when neurons fail to do so. C) more numerous than neurons. D) like neurons, except that they lack axons.
  2. One function NOT performed by glia is to A) remove waste materials. B) build myelin sheaths. C) transmit information. D) guide the growth of axons and dendrites.
  3. Keeping animals in a varied environment with much stimulation leads to which change in neuronal structure? A) Increased branching of dendrites. B) Increased velocity of action potentials. C) Increased diameter of cell bodies. D) Division of mature neurons to form additional neurons.

B) into the cell, out of the cell C) out of the cell, out of the cell D) out of the cell, into the cell

  1. The sodium potassium pump makes possible which of the following features of a neuron? A) Refractory period. B) Resting potential. C) Selective permeability. D) Saltatory conduction.
  2. When the neuron is at rest, which of the following forces tends to move potassium ions OUT OF the cell? A) Concentration gradient. B) Electrical gradient. C) Both concentration gradient and electrical gradient. D) Sodium potassium pump.
  3. If a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a more negative potential, the result is A) hyperpolarization. B) depolarization. C) an action potential. D) a threshold.
  1. If a stimulus shifts the potential inside a neuron from the resting potential to a potential slightly closer to zero, the result is known as A) hyperpolarization. B) depolarization. C) selective permeability. D) the refractory period.
  2. A membrane produces an action potential whenever the potential across it reaches A) the resting potential. B) 90 mV. C) the threshold. D) the myelin sheath.
  3. According to the all or none law, A) every depolarization produces an action potential. B) every hyperpolarization produces an action potential. C) the size of the action potential is independent of the strength of the stimulus that initiated it. D) every depolarization reaches the threshold, even if it fails to produce an action potential.
  4. For a given neuron, the resting potential is 70 mV and the threshold is 55 mV. Stimulus A depolarizes the membrane to exactly 55 mV. Stimulus B depolarizes the membrane to 40 mV. What can we expect to happen? A) Stimulus A will produce an action potential of greater amplitude than stimulus B.
  1. No stimulus can excite a membrane to produce an action potential if A) the membrane is in its absolute refractory period. B) it occurs at the same time as a hyperpolarizing stimulus. C) sodium ions are more concentrated outside the cell than inside. D) the potassium gates have been blocked.
  2. Which feature of a neuron limits the number of action potentials it can produce per second? A) Threshold. B) Refractory period. C) Saltatory conduction. D) Length of the axon.
  3. Suppose we find that the maximum firing rate of a given neuron is 50 action potentials per second. What is the refractory period of that cell? A) 50 msec. B) 1/50 sec. C) 5 sec. D) Not enough information is given to determine an answer.
  4. Most action potentials begin A) in the dendrites. B) in the cell body.

C) at the axon hillock. D) at the tip of the axon.

  1. Once an action potential starts, A) it is conducted the rest of the way as an electrical current. B) it needs additional stimuli from outside the cell to keep it going at various points along the axon. C) it increases in speed as it goes. D) it is regenerated at various points along the axon, the same way that it began.
  2. The velocity of an action potential is A) the same as the velocity of electricity. B) approximately the speed of sound. C) 1 100 m/sec. D) impossible to measure.
  3. On which of the following would action potentials travel the slowest? A) A thin, myelinated axon. B) A thin, unmyelinated axon. C) A thick, myelinated axon. D) A thick, unmyelinated axon.
  4. The function of a myelin sheath is to

A) 1 is true; 2, 3 and 4 are untrue. B) 1 and 4 are true; 2 and 3 are untrue. C) 4 is true; 1, 2 and 3 are untrue. D) 2 and 3 are true; 1 and 4 are untrue.

  1. Suppose that the brains of two adult rats are to be investigated. The first rat was raised in an environment full with fellow rats and sensory stimuli (enriched environment), and the second was raised singly in a small empty cage (impoverished environment). It will appear that the brain of the first rat in comparison with the second: A) contains more nerve cells, whereas the number of synapses of nerve cells is also larger. B) contains more nerve cells, while the number of synapses of nerve cells remains the same. C) contains almost the same number of nerve cells; on the other hand, the number of synapses of nerve cells is increased. D) contains almost the same number of nerve cells, whereas also the number of synapses of nerve cells remains the same.
  2. Assume that the duration of an action potential is 1 msec and the duration of the refractory period is also 1 msec. What is the largest number of action potentials that can be transported over the axon per second? A) 1000. B) 500. C) 100. D) 50.
  3. Which of the following statements related to nerve and glia cells is NOT true?

A) The myelin sheath around the axon of nerve cells is formed by glia cells. B) Glia cells have a supportive and feeding function for nerve cells. C) Nerve cells, just as glia cells, have the power to divide. D) The brain contains many more glia cells than nerve cells.

  1. By the creation of action potentials, shifts in the concentrations of sodium and potassium ions play an essential role. If we follow these changes over a certain period, we note the following: A) first potassium ions enter the cell, somewhat later sodium ions leave the cell. B) first sodium ions enter the cell, somewhat later potassium ions leave the cell. C) first sodium ions leave the cell, somewhat later potassium ions enter the cell. D) first potassium ions leave the cell, somewhat later sodium ions enter the cell.
  2. The speed that an action potential travels down an axon is increased by A) an increase in the intensity of the evoking stimulus. B) increased activity by autoreceptors. C) the presence of a myelin sheath. D) the absence of lateral inhibition.