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PROJECT ELECTRONIC BILLBOARD.docx
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This is to certify that this project was carried out by OLATOYE SEGUN SAMUEL of matric number 15/69/0147 in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Higher National Diploma (HND) in the Department of Computer Science, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta. DR. (MRS) ALARAN M.A PROJECT SUPERVISOR SIGNATURE & DATE DR. (MRS) ALARAN M.A HEAD OF DEPARTMENT SIGNATURE & DATE ii
I am using this medium to express my hearty gratitude to those who have “fathered” this project to successful completion. By the grace of God Almighty for deserved commendation. Million thanks go to God Almighty for sustaining me throughout my academic journeys in Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta. My gratitude goes to my supervisor Mr Adebayo Adeleke A. whose fatherly advice was very inspirational and educative to me in approaching this project and his patience and pains to read through this manuscript and make corrections are hereby acknowledged, may God preserve his life and his family. The HOD Mrs. Mistura Alaran. I am also indebted to all the lecturers of the department of computer science for teaching me well. The success of this project is the good foundation they have laid for me. My immeasurable thanks go to my dad and mum Mr. & Mrs Benjamin may they live long to reap the success of their labour. My sisters and brothers, friends and course-mates, may the good God bless every one of them, Amen. iv
The advent of technology has made most tasks undertaken by man have now been overtaken by semi-conductor devices applicable in the areas of communication industry. In Institutions, industrial, commercial and recreational establishment, there is always the need to reach the public. The faster this is done, the better. In this project design and construction of an Electronic Bill Board (EBB), which is a display device that converts electrical signals transmitted from electronic devices into optical signals using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). The EBB saves time, gives better visual effects and attraction when it is used in adverts and other forms of attractive and urgent information dissemination. Keywords : Electronic Billboard, LED, electrical signals, WiFi, electronic devices and optical signals. v
shows, entertainment, and sporting events. Other uses both indoors and out can include traffic alerts, directional signs, and safety information (such as in construction zones). According to outdoor digital billboard manufacturer Watchfire, there are currently around 450, billboards in the United States and only about 0.55 percent of them have been converted to digital. So there is high growth potential. Unlike standard billboard signs made of paper or vinyl materials that remain in place for weeks or months at a time, electronic billboard images can be quickly and easily changed, even within minutes and sometimes remotely. This allows an advertiser to start, stop, or change promotions to take advantage of short-term opportunities and frequently changing data. The ability to change digital signs quickly, frequently and/or remotely is referred to as dynamic digital signage. Some applications of this technology could include: Restaurant menu boards that change according to time of day. Directional signs may change from day to day, such as for events, conferences, and trade shows. Advertising tailored for specific marketing demographics and locations. This can help reduce costs for physical signs and provide more effective communications. Electronic billboard equipment can be sold direct to businesses to use on their properties. Ads can also be purchased on existing electronic billboards. These types of ads more resemble radio advertising in that advertiser's purchase time on the billboard based on dayparts such as morning drive, daytime, afternoon drive, nighttime, and overnight. Usually, this time on the board is sold through local, national, or even international media networks. Images on electronic boards can be set to change every 4 to 10 seconds, depending on the equipment used and/or the advertising time package purchased. Since electronic billboards typically use LEDs, the light produced is more energy-efficient than standard light bulbs. But they are likely to become even more efficient as LED technologies continue to evolve and are integrated into the boards. They also eliminate the use of paper or vinyl products that would be used for traditional poster-type billboards. Today's electronic billboards are typically comprised of a series of self-contained modules that house Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps, wiring, and electronics in an aluminium or steel enclosure. Each module, which can be square or rectangular (typically 2-3 feet on a side), 2
weighs around 100-150 lbs. So, a billboard comparable in size to a standard 14x48' roadside display will weigh several thousand pounds when installed. In the past, LED-based electronic billboards were frequently custom-built to a customer's exact specifications, but the modular nature of today's LED billboard systems means that standard- sized modules can be pre-built ahead of time, kept in inventory, and then stacked together in different shapes and configurations to meet the specific requirements of a customer's billboard project. This standardized approach translates to lower costs and faster delivery times and makes it easier for customers to choose the exact shape and size of their billboard. As new display technologies continue to lower the cost and improve the visual impact of electronic billboards and signs, it is likely that these displays will begin to replace various types of static signs and billboards, both in roadside and other applications. Considering the geographically dispersed nature of most billboard deployments, an electronic billboard solution should include remote scheduling software that makes it easy to change content on one digital billboard, a group of billboards, or the entire network simultaneously. The project mainly focuses on the transmission of full-colour multimedia data through an air interface by the use of WiFi connectivity. The data will be processed by the microcontroller on both ends. The data will be displayed on LCD only after entering a unique passkey. In addition to that address, matching is done and data can be received only by the dedicated receiver. What happens is, sending information through WiFi connectivity has become very popular and we can use this means to control devices and in displaying data. In this project, we not only send the data but send the data with a passcode also. This enables us to prevent the unauthorized use of LCD board and only the person who has a passcode can have access to the LCD board. An important feature of the thesis is we are using a WiFi network by which we can control the LCD board from any part of the Institution where the connection is strong. If we have the passcode and the passcode is valid then the correct data will be displayed on LCD. 1.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY This study aims to design and implement an electronic billboard that will replace native information presentation media in the computer science department. 3
PC's serial port to interface with the microcontroller. A 16x2 Character LCD is attached in byte mode to port 1 of the microcontroller. This display will be used to display the messages/information. Microcontroller coding will be done using Embedded C and Kiel. PC Coding will be done using VB. The modem transmits the stored message through the COM port. The microcontroller displays the message on the LCD board. The microcontroller used in this case is AT89c52. In the prototype model, the LCD is used for simulation purposes. While implementing this can be replaced by actual display boards (Electronic Billboard). 1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS For a clear understanding of the terminology, the following terms are hereby operationally defined. i. LED (Light Emitting Diode) : It is a two-lead semiconductor light source that emits light when an electric current passes through it. ii. Dot Matrix : A Dot matrix is a 2-dimensional patterned array, used to represent characters, symbols and images. iii. GSM Modem : GSM modem is a wireless modem that works with a GSM wireless network. A wireless modem behaves like a dial-up modem. iv. Billboards : Billboard is a large outdoor board for displaying advertisements or where notices are posted. v. Microcontroller : Microcontroller is a system on a chip that contains one or more CPUs (processors) along with memory and programmable input/output peripherals. vi. Computer : This is a device that works under the control of stored programs, automatically accepting, storing and processing data to produce information. vii. Software : This is defined as that part of a computer system that consists of data or instructions that is used to direct the operation of a computer. viii. Electronics : This is the science of controlling electrical energy electrically, in which electrons have a basic role. It deals with electrical components such as vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits. ix. Hardware : This is also referred to as system peripherals which are the physical components that constitute a computer system. x. Programming : This is a process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. 5
xi. Integrated Circuit : An integrated circuit (IC), sometimes called a chip or microchip, is a semiconductor wafer on which thousands or millions of tiny resistors, capacitors, and transistors are fabricated. An IC can function as an amplifier, oscillator, timer, counter, computer memory, or microprocessor. A particular IC is categorized as either linear (analog) or digital, depending on its intended application. xii. Express PCB : Express PCB is free PCB software and is a snap to learn and use. Designing circuit boards is simple for the beginner and efficient for the professional. The board manufacturing service makes top quality two and four-layer PCBs. xiii. HD Player: HDPlayer Software we promoting for Full Color door head display. It can remote display by long distance, play high-definition video, picture and text etc. It is Asynchronous model system. 6
projects indicate that billboards distract drivers. Several countries have implemented guidelines for issuing permits for the installation of roadside billboards based on the results of such research projects, carried out mostly at the request of governmental bodies or road authorities. The following are the most important ones. 2.1 HISTORY OF BILLBOARD Born out of necessity, billboards were probably first used to convey a message to the majority of illiterate individuals. The oldest known billboard ad was posted in the Egyptian city of Thebes over 3,000 years ago and offered a reward for a runaway slave. Before the late 1700s, the predecessor to the modern-day billboard—billposting—was prevalent throughout Europe, but only as an informal source of information. It wasn't until the invention of lithography in the late eighteenth century that billboards as a medium expanded into an art form. The first art poster was created in 1871 by Englishman Frederick Walker, who was commissioned to create the playbill for the play "Lady in White" in London. By the early 1900s, schools for poster art were being formed and artists like Toulouse Lautrec were making names for themselves. The first large scale use of the billboard as an advertising tool was as circus posters printed or secured on horse-drawn trucks that would precede a show to town to increase interest and attendance. At this time, billboards were not standardized or controlled by any laws. During 1872-1912, organizations in the United States met to create billboard standards. Originally, the standard set was 24-sheet poster panels with a total size of 19.5 x 8.7 ft (6 x 2.6 m). Today, that size remains the same, while technology has reduced 24 sheets to 10. It was also during the early 1900s that electric billboards were used to light up cities. Before the electric billboard, cities were dark, foreboding places. The electric billboard brought the cities to life at night, creating a more hospitable atmosphere that induced people to stay on the streets. Hence, the birth of nightlife. By the late 1920s, more people were purchasing automobiles and travelling beyond the city. Billboard advertising expanded as well, and for the first time, billboard advertising had to consider a wider range of demographic audiences. Billboard art and design changed with the times, reflecting new technologies and the mood of a generation. With the use of photography and comics, billboards portrayed a world without problems during the depression of the 1930s. The 1950s gave rise to the hand-painted billboard and the use of sexual innuendo in campaigns. Billboards were extensively used in China to promote Red Army politics. It was also during this 8
time that billboard companies utilized the boom truck with a crane to move billboards and place them in more prominent positions. During the 1960s, celebrity endorsements became essential and the advent of the superstar was born. Focus shifted from the family to the singles lifestyle and the medium itself was emulated in the Pop Art movement. As interest in environmentalism increased during the late 1960s and early 1970s, billboard ads borrowed images from nature. It was at this time that the Marlboro man on horseback was born. In the 1970s and 1980s, campaigns used sexually explicit rather than implied themes. Objects were omnipotent and were created larger than life with little or no accompanying text. Components Large billboards have three main components: steel used to construct and support the frame, artwork that conveys the advertising message, and electrical equipment for lighting and other special effects. Furthermore, the display is in the form of row drivers that are displayed in rows. They are achieved by the use of some electronic digital displays like the light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and the crystal oscillators which is an electronic device that pulses at a certain frequency depending on the frequency of the crystal. 2.2 RELATED WORK OF ELECTRONIC BILLBOARD 2.2.1 SMART BILLBOARD Smart billboards get their name because of how they use modern technology. Using advanced tech, these ads adapt to their setting and adjust their information. This can include adaption to environmental settings, and more. They accomplish several ways. They can be outfitted with sensors and cameras that detect changes in conditions. They can also make use of the worldwide web, including social media. This allows them to track changes that may be important to the info they’re advertising. Some are even capable of adjusting to their viewer’s disposition! These options not only capture their viewers’ attention, but they keep them engaged. The novelty and upgraded nature of these marvels are captivating enough! They create a kind of experience that many consumers still have yet to experience. 9
data in another form”. Or it is a device capable of accepting information and supplying the result of the processes. It usually consists of input and output devices, the arithmetic and logic units etc. Precisely speaking, there is no basic definition of the computer, rather definitions are/have been made in line with what a computer is doing in that area of life. So as relating to information dissemination as well as in display systems, the computer system may be defined as that electronic hardware, software and procedural components which must function together so that it might process raw facts, figures, texts etc into information. Here in this project, the computer is used to run the accurate program commands in assemble language which is used in the operation of the microprocessor and turn on the EBB system. Hitherto, display processing is a widely applied technique in modern businesses and has to do with the conversion of codes or commands to digital signals and refurbish them to an expecting pattern. 2.4 RELEVANCIES OF MANUAL OVER DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY In most areas of life and technology, digital has been much relevant than manual, and display systems are never an exception. In this case, the electronic billboard which is the digital has many advantages over the manual which may include the kinds of; chalk-written boards, pen-written paper-pasted displays, artist- drawn signposts etc., as follows;
than seconds to pass across the screen hence, the information disseminated with ease and faster, unlike the usually fixed manual type.
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