PROPERTIES OF MATTER
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Understanding the Properties of Matter: Physical and Chemical Characteristics, Slides of Chemistry
An overview of the properties of matter, focusing on both physical and chemical characteristics. Physical properties include observable and measurable traits such as color, texture, density, and state. Observable physical properties can be identified through the senses, while measurable properties require tools. Chemical properties determine a substance's reactivity and flammability.
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2021/2022
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PROPERTIES OF MATTER
WHAT IS MATTER?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume).
Examples of matter:
THEORY OF KINETIC ENERGY
1. ATOMS ARE ALWAYS MOVING
2. THE MORE ENERGY ADDED TO
THE ATOMS, THE FASTER &
FARTHER APART THEY MOVE
ENERGY ADDED
ENERGY ADDED
MATTER
Matter can be described by using physical
and chemical properties.
These are characteristics of matter that
make it unique.
Physical Properties are properties that
can be observed or measured.
color, mass, length, volume, density, state,
etc.
Physical Properties can be either:
Observable or Measurable
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Malleability - the ability of a substance to
be pounded into thin sheets.
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Color: The color of object can be seen and is a physical property of matter.
Color can help identify a substance. For example, sulfur is usually yellow in color, iodine is usually red in color.
Sulfur Iodine
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Conductor of heat or electricity: The ability for heat and electricity to pass through an object easily.
Metals are usually the best conductors of heat and electricity.
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Insulator of heat or electricity: when an object passes heat and electricity poorly.
Nonmetals are usually good insulators.
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
Solubility - The ability to dissolve in another substance.
Examples: sugar dissolves in water.
EXAMPLES OF OBSERVABLE PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES
State of Matter: Matter can either be a solid, liquid, gas, or plasma. We observe this by using our senses.
TEXTURE
Texture – the visual and tactile quality of a surface.
RELATIVE DENSITY
Relative Density – the density of an object compared to its surrounding material.
MEASURABLE PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Mass - the amount of matter in an object or substance.
Calculate: Using a triple beam balance or a scale.
Unit: in science ALWAYS use grams (g) or kilograms (kg).
MEASURABLE PROPERTIES OF MATTER
Weight - measure of the pull of gravity on an object. Different on the MOON!!