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INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF — PSYC 140 Module 8 LockDown Exam and Full Review from Portage Learning includes actual exam questions and verified answers. This comprehensive study guide covers aging theories (Activity, Disengagement, Selective Optimization), Alzheimer’s stages, hospice and palliative care, Kubler-Ross’s stages of grief, neurocognitive disorders, and more. Features true/false and multiple-choice questions with expert rationales — ideal for developmental psychology students preparing for finals. PSYC 140 Module 8 exam answers, Portage Learning PSYC 140 Module 8, developmental psychology module 8 test, PSYC 140 final exam PDF, PSYC 140 LockDown browser exam, Module 8 psychology test questions, lifespan psychology final review, Portage Learning psychology answers, PSYC 140 Module 8 study guide, download PSYC 140 final exam, psychology end-of-life care exam, neurocognitive disorder quiz, PSYC 140 exam questions and answers, Alzheimer’s Disease psychology test
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PSYC 140 Module 8 Exam
70 year old Aaron sometimes has trouble finding the word that he wants when speaking with others. Is this most likely a sign of Alzheimer's disease or an age-related change? A. Alzheimer's disease B. age-related changes
Answer:
B. age-related changes
Max isn't sure how to help his 70 year old father. in the past year, his father spent $4,000 on As seen on TV products that he never uses. Max's father used to be very careful with his money. Now, Max is concerned over his father's financial judgement. Is Max's father's behavior most likely a sign of Alzheimer's disease or an age-related change? A. Alzheimer's disease B. age-related changed
Answer:
C. acceptance
which of the following is the best summary of selective optimization with compensation theory? A. older adults should remain as active as possible B. older adults should remain active, but be wise in choosing safe activities that they can engage in long-term C. older adults should cut back on all strenuous activities D. it is not important to consider how active older adults should be
Answer:
B. older adults should remain active, but be wise in choosing safe activities that they can engage in long-term
T/F: in most modern industrialized societies, death is defined as the cessation of higher cortical processes
Answer:
False
Who typically live longer: women or men?
Answer:
Women
Describe 2 typical symptoms observed in the final stages of Alzheimer's Disease.
Answer:
[Teacher's Note]: 3 pts for reasons: Unable to walk, speak, engage in basic life activities During middle stages, trouble with self-care and independence, forgetting family members' names, gait problems.
Compare and contrast active and passive euthanasia. Be sure to both compare and contrast.
Answer:
[Teacher's Note]: Contrast: Active—agent is administered to hasten death. Passive: life-saving measures are not used. Compare: both are a choice to not allow life to continue/prolong.
Active and passive are both a choice to not allow life to continue.Active is an agent administered to hasten death while passive is when nothing is done to help prolong life.
Compare and contrast Primary and Secondary aging.
Answer:
[Teacher's note]: Answers need to include the following: Primary—genetic, unavoidable. Secondary—caused by behavioral choices and the environment.
Primary and secondary are both forms of aging. Primary aging is biological and genetically influenced. Secondary aging is aging caused by behavioral choices and the environment.
Why do theorists and practitioners today criticize disengagement theory? Be specific.
Answer:
[Teacher's note]: Withdrawal can harm someone's physical health, cognition, and social life. Withdrawal can harm someone's physical health, cognition, and social life -
Module Question: Compare and contrast primary and secondary aging.
Answer:
Primary aging is biological and genetically influenced. Secondary aging is aging that is caused by lifestyle and the environment. Primary aging is biological aging caused by genes, this aging is unavoidable, while Secondary aging is not inevitable and is mostly cause by our lifes choices and the environment.
Module question: What are some logical and scientific problems with the "wear and tear" theory of aging?
Answer:
The body does an amazing job of repairing itself under normal circumstances. Also, individuals who engage in moderate to vigorous exercise and activity are typically healthier and longer-lived compared to more sedentary individuals.
Module Question: What are some current explanations for why we age biologically?
Answer:
Specific genes seem to be at least partly responsible for longevity as well as the age at which noticeable physical changes occur in aging. Other genetic theories consider cumulative effects that damage DNA and therefore result in aging.
Module question: Describe three subtypes of neurocognitive disorders discussed in this module.
Choose three of the following: -Parkinson's Disease: may cause a neurocognitive disorder. Symptoms include anxiety, depression, hallucinations, and personality changes. -Cognitive declines due to Vascular Disease: are due to a cerebrovascular event such as a stroke. Risk factors include hypertension, smoking, obesity and any factors that contribute to cerebrovascular disease. -A Traumatic brain injury: (which involves trauma to the brain from impact to the head, paired with a number of symptoms such as loss of consciousness or amnesia) can result in cognitive impairment such as difficulty concentrating and slowed processing. -Substance/medication induced neurocognitive disorder: is due to usually a lifetime of heavy drug use such as alcohol abuse. This may result in the individual having severe problems with concentrating as well as some motor problems. -A Prion disease: is caused by transmissible agents called prions. For example, a form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is known as "mad cow disease." In humans, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is very rare. While the precise process for developing a prion disease is not well understood, research indicates that transmission can occur by corneal transplantation, injection, and possibly physical contacted with contaminated matter. -A number of individuals with an HIV Infection have a neurocognitive disorder that is tied to this disease. Approximately 25% of individuals with HIV have symptoms for at least a mild neurocognitive disorder. -Alzheimer's disease: (named after the discoverer, Dr. Alzheimer) is the most common type of dementia (60% of cases)
Module question: Summarize what the progression of Alzheimer's disease often looks like, being sure to incorporate the three time points in your summary.
Module question: Compare and contrast the three theories discussed in this section. What do you personally think it means to age successfully?
Disengagement theory: older adults should withdraw from societal interaction to maintain life satisfaction. Activity theory: the more active the older adult is, the better (if levels of interaction decrease, they are often due to barriers that need to be overcome). Selective Optimization with Compensation theory essentially says that older adults need to make the best of the resources they have available, utilizing choice, practice, and creative strategies to carry on with activities despite declining in some ways.
Compare and contrast Activity Theory and Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory. Be sure to both "compare" and "contrast."
Activity theory is suggests that older individuals are happiest when they partake in an activity. These activites can range from: painting, volunteering, or even playing a sport (e.g. tennis). Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory suggests that as older individuals suffer from physical and mental decrease, they try to become better at activities that they are already somewhat proficient in. These theories are similar in that they both suggest that an activity allows for older individuals to gain satisfaction. However, they are different in that one suggests taking up a new activity while the other suggests getting better at an activity that the individual has previously done.
Module question: How would you answer the question, "What is death?"
A variety of answers can be given to this question! As this module discusses, brain death is a prevailing definition in current Western society. This refers to the cessation of both higher and lower cortical processes. However, other cultures (and other times in history) have used other definitions. Furthermore, all of these definitions focus on the physical,
rather than spiritual aspect of death. An in-depth study of death and dying would necessitate exploration of religious explanations of death.
Module question: Why might one choose hospice care?
Most individuals would prefer to die at home rather than in a hospital. Hospice can facilitate this wish and offer support to the dying individual and family. It also considers the whole person, rather than simply the physical aspects of the person.
Module question: What are Elizabeth Kubler-Ross's stages of dying? Do you think there are any additional stages that should be mentioned?
Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. Answers about additional stages will vary.
70 year old Donna lost her keys. she loses them every week. But, she is always able to retrace her steps and finds them. is this more likely a sign of Alzheimer's or an age-related change A. Alzheimer's B. age-related change
B. age-related change
A child who has a biological parent with early-onset Alzheimer's Disease carries a _____ chance of inheriting the mutation that may cause early-onset AD
50%
If a child's parents has early-onset Alzheimer's disease what is the chance of the child inheriting the mutation that may cause early onset AD?
50%
T/F: Trouble with remembering to pay monthly bills (when this was not a problem before) is a warning sign of Alzheimer's disease
fmri, mental health assessment, health screening, test for memory functioning
It is important to rule out other illnesses bc several conditions can mimic its symptoms such as depression and certain infections can all present with memory loss, confusion or similar cognitive issues. There are two different assessment that can be conducted to determine if the patient has AD.A psychiatrist or psychologist can conduct a screen of the individuals mental health. A nurse can screen for physical health such as gait problems. these can be enhanced by using the fMRI (functional MRI) to check imaging of the brain.
It is important because often times other illnesses may invoke symptoms similar to Alzheimer's (such as memory loss and behavioral changes). Alzheimer's disease is a severe disease with little to no cure whereas other disease's such as depression may be curable. Some other illnesses that may mirror Alzheimer's symptoms include: depression, Parkinson's disease, malnutrition, substance-induced dementia, or vascular dementia. Two types of assessments that can be conducted include: a psychiatrist doing a mental health screening and a nurse/general practitioner doing a physical health screening. The purpose of the mental health screening is so that the psychiatrist can see if the patient is suffering from Alzheimer's or depression because the symptoms for both of these disease's can be similar. The purpose of the physical health screening is so that the healthcare provider can see if the patient is suffering from Alzheimer's or from malnutrition. Malnutrition can induce similar symptoms to Alzheimer's.
T/F: About half of the individuals who take medications to treat Alzheimer's Disease find that the progression of the disease seems to temporarily shut/slow down
True
T/F: The length of time from the beginning to final stages of Alzheimer's Disease varies greatly across individuals.
True
T/F: According to Selection with Optimization theory, older adults should be more selective in what activities they choose to do.
True
T/F: According to selection with optimization theory, older adults should not necessarily expect to be able to maintain the same level that they did when they were in early to middle adulthood
True
T/F: Individuals who develop Alzheimer's Disease at a young age tend to have a version of the disease that is strongly genetically based.
True
Seventy-year-old Elizabeth has trouble remembering how to use her DVR and relies on her daughter to occasionally help her. Is this most likely a sign of Alzheimer's Disease or an age-related change?
Age-related change
Jan is a widow. After her husband died, she stopped spending time with friends. Over a decade later, Junie is in her 80's. She's now not as involved in her church, and feels that she's too old to do much. Which of the following socioemotional theories of aging best fits her viewpoint: Disengagement, Activity, or Selective Optimization with Compensation.
Disengagement
Maxine works in an assisted living facility. She encourages residents to get involved in as many events and social gatherings as possible. Which of the following socioemotional theories of aging best fits her viewpoint: A. disengagement
D. bargaining E. anger
D. bargaining
Which of the following is the best summary of Activity theory? A. older adults should remain as active as possible B. older adults should remain active, but be wise in choosing safe activities that they can engage in long-term C. older adults should cut back on all strenuous activities D. it is not important to consider how active older adults should be
A. older adults should remain as active as possible
Based on what you learned in this module, what do you think it means to age successfully? In your answer, be sure to include concepts that you learned in the module (but use your own words in your description).
Age successfully is when older adult is able to manage their emotional and physical effectively. They will selective on what activities more suitable for themselves. They are willing to maintain the practice of body training even they may have decline in some other areas. They accept the fact that they cannot function as they used to and learn how to compensate to new changes. Making ourselves changes to adapt new environment seems very normal to all of us, but it is very important for older adults to adapt to new changes rather than decline by withdraw themselves from society.
Why is the "Wear and Tear" theory of biological aging an inadequate explanation of why we age? Be detailed in your answer.
The body normally can repair itself—so the theory doesn't actually address what causes aging; being more active actually promotes health. -- Wear and Tear theory focus on our body will age by time, but there are many holes in this theory that cannot explain how our body works. In fact, our body is able to repair itself under normal circumstances, then the question do how our body work at old ages? It will be able to repair or repair at slow
speed that cannot keep up with the tear? Since the theory cannot explain all of these question, so this theory is inadequate explanation of why we age.
Describe 3 typical symptoms observed in the early stages of Alzheimer's Disease.
Forgetting common nouns, forgetting some names, other speech difficulties, trouble with daily activities, change in mood
Which theory do you think is the most helpful for older adults: Activity Theory or Selective Optimization with Compensation Theory? Pick one of these theories, describe it, and then indicate why you think that this theory would be helpful for older adults. Be specific and detailed.
In my opinion, the Selective Optimization and Compensation Theory is most helpful for older adults. This is the theory of successful aging were the older adult due to inevitable decline as they age Select the activities that they can do to stay active especially since they cannot do some activities due to physical decline in aging, then they optimize by practicing what they can do so that they do not loose the cognitive ability of that activity as described by the "use it or loose" it phrase in cognitive development and finally, the older adults need to compensate for every activity they carry out by resting and or in some cases driving slowly or walking slowly to accomodate these period of physical decline as they age. I think the Selective Optimization with Compensation theory balances out the other two theories properly. The theory of disengagement and active theory. Because older adults need to remain active and at the same time in moderation and this is what the theory of selection optimization with compensation portrays.
Your friend's father has just been diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease. Your friend says, "This is because he drank so much Fresca out of those stupid aluminum cans. And the aspartame—I bet that contributed, too." Write out a response that gently corrects your
True or false? If an individual lives long enough with a terminal illness, he will eventually reach a point of acceptance of the illness.
False
For the following example, indicate which stage of Elizabeth Kubler- Ross's Stage theory is being depicted. Mandy is very irritable and feels like yelling all of the time.
Anger
Describe 2 symptoms that may indicate that an individual is experiencing memory loss that is greater than normal.
Two symptoms that indicate that an individual is experiencing memory loss that is greater than normal include:
What is hospice? Be sure to discuss the various services given through hospice.
Hospice is a program that provides services for the terminally ill. These services can occur at an actual hospice location or event at the patient's house. The services typically provided include: managing of physical symptoms and allowing for the patient to have social interaction. Patients are also provided with spiritual/religious services if required.
Describe two reasons that experts give to explain why women typically outlive men?
Two reasons that experts give for women outliving men include: genetics, women typically take better care of their health than men, and women don't partake as frequently as men do in behaviors that may cause harm (such as drug abuse, drinking, thrill-seeking activities).
what is the term for psychological reaction to a loss?
Grief
T/F: It is unusual for someone who is grieving to experience anger as a result of the loss
False
T/F: The FDA has approved drugs that can fully cure Alzheimer's disease
False
for the following descriptions, identify the most likely type of neurocognitive disorder most likely indicated by these symptoms and situations after experiencing a stroke, Mrs. Andrews can no longer move her right arm. She is also forgetful and frequently confused A. Alzheimer's disease B. vascular disease C. Parkinson's disease D. prion disease E. HIV infection F. substance/medication induced G. traumatic brain injury
B. vascular disease
Emma is in her late 80's and broke her hip last year. Not that she is recovered, she finds that she is more careful to avoid injury. Rather than walking in her hilly neighborhood, she now drives with a friend to the mall each morning for a nice, flat walk. Which of the following socioemotional theories of aging best fits her new viewpoint: A. disengagement B. activity C. selective optimization with compensation
C. selective optimization with compensation
