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Psychology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Exams of Psychology

Georgia Institute of Technology - Main Campus Psychology

A series of multiple choice questions and answers covering various topics in psychology, including learning, memory, perception, and sleep. It provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts and theories within the field, making it a valuable resource for students seeking to test their understanding and reinforce their knowledge.

Typology: Exams

2014/2015

Uploaded on 03/25/2025

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Name: __________________________ Date: _____________

1. In both positive reinforcement and positive punishment, the word positive refers to

which of the following?

A) presentation of a stimulus

B) an appetitive stimulus

C) presentation of an appetitive stimulus

D) an aversive stimulus

2. When Mary sees her psychology professor in the grocery store, she does not

immediately recognize her professor. Based on schema perceptual principles, what is

the MOST likely explanation for this lack of immediate recognition?

A) Mary is too focused on her shopping to pay attention to other people around her.

B) Mary does not expect to see her professor in the context of the grocery store.

C) Mary is more distracted in the grocery store than she is in class.

D) Mary is so busy taking notes in class that she does not pay attention to her

professor's appearance.

3. Retinal disparity is a _____ cue to depth perception. As we focus on an object and the

object moves closer to us, retinal disparity _____.

A) binocular; increases

B) monocular; increases

C) binocular; decreases

D) monocular; decreases

4. Although she had not received any specific instructions for baking a German

chocolate cake, Jamie had watched her mother do so many times. When Jamie's

mother was out of town, Jamie successfully baked her own German chocolate cake.

Until she actually baked the cake, Jamie's knowledge was an example of _____.

A) latent learning

B) generalization

C) classical conditioning

D) instinctual drift

5. Which of the following sleep disorders is caused by a person's lack of ability to

achieve REM sleep?

A) Sleep paralysis.

Partial preview of the text

Download Psychology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Name: __________________________ Date: _____________

In both positive reinforcement and positive punishment, the word positive refers to which of the following? A) presentation of a stimulus B) an appetitive stimulus C) presentation of an appetitive stimulus D) an aversive stimulus
When Mary sees her psychology professor in the grocery store, she does not immediately recognize her professor. Based on schema perceptual principles, what is the MOST likely explanation for this lack of immediate recognition? A) Mary is too focused on her shopping to pay attention to other people around her. B) Mary does not expect to see her professor in the context of the grocery store. C) Mary is more distracted in the grocery store than she is in class. D) Mary is so busy taking notes in class that she does not pay attention to her professor's appearance.
Retinal disparity is a _____ cue to depth perception. As we focus on an object and the object moves closer to us, retinal disparity _____. A) binocular; increases B) monocular; increases C) binocular; decreases D) monocular; decreases
Although she had not received any specific instructions for baking a German chocolate cake, Jamie had watched her mother do so many times. When Jamie's mother was out of town, Jamie successfully baked her own German chocolate cake. Until she actually baked the cake, Jamie's knowledge was an example of _____. A) latent learning B) generalization C) classical conditioning D) instinctual drift
Which of the following sleep disorders is caused by a person's lack of ability to achieve REM sleep? A) Sleep paralysis.

B) Night terrors. C) Narcolepsy. D) Somnambulism.

Three groups of albino squirrels were involved in an investigation of maze learning. In one group, food was always available at the end of the maze (daily reinforcement). In a second group, food was never available (no reinforcement). In a third group, food was available starting on the eleventh trial (reinforcement eleventh day). Which of the following accurately describes the results of this investigation? A) Throughout the experiment, the number of errors did not decrease at all in the no reinforcement group. B) After receiving reinforcement, it took approximately 10 days for performance in the eleventh day reinforcement group to equal that in the daily reinforcement group. C) Throughout the experiment, the number of errors decreased at a similar rate for the daily reinforcement and eleventh day reinforcement groups. D) After receiving reinforcement, performance in the eleventh day reinforcement group improved immediately to equal that of the daily reinforcement group.
Conscious is to unconscious as _____ is to _____. A) retrieval; encoding B) effortful processing; automatic processing C) encoding; retrieval D) automatic processing; effortful processing
Latent learning occurs _____ reinforcement and _____ reinforcement to be demonstrated. A) without; does not require B) with; requires C) with; does not require D) without; requires
Godden and Baddeley (1975) determined that participants recalled more information when their study and test environments matched. Which of the following BEST explains this effect? A) state-dependent memory B) mood-congruence effect C) the encoding specificity principle D) the self-reference effect

C) classical conditioning D) semantic

The cocktail party phenomenon, whereby it is easy to hear our own names across a crowded room while not really paying attention to or expecting to hear is best explained by the: A) Unity aspect of attention. B) Selective aspect of attention. C) Intentional aspect of attention. D) Transience aspect of attention.
Delta wave activity is an intense, low frequency pattern in the brain associated with which conscious state? A) Being awake. B) Falling asleep. C) REM sleep. D) Deep sleep.
The use of contextual information helps us do which of the following? A) use top-down processing and resolve ambiguities in perception B) only use top-down processing C) only use bottom-up processing D) only resolve ambiguities in perception
For the auditory sense, wavelength (frequency) is a measure of _____ and amplitude is a measure of _____. A) hue; loudness B) pitch; hue C) loudness; pitch D) pitch; loudness
Which is (are) TRUE of operant conditioning? A) For operant conditioning to be effective, the conditioned stimulus (CS) must precede the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). B) Operant conditioning is concerned with how behavior operates on the environment by bringing about certain consequences. C) All of the answers are true of operant conditioning.

D) Operant conditioning involves learning about associations between stimuli in our environment.

Negative reinforcement is to _____ as negative punishment is to _____. A) adding an appetitive stimulus; removing an appetitive stimulus B) adding an appetitive stimulus; adding an aversive stimulus C) removing an aversive stimulus; adding an appetitive stimulus D) removing an aversive stimulus; removing an appetitive stimulus
Primary reinforcer is to _____ as secondary reinforcer is to _____. A) innate; learned B) acquisition; generalization C) positive; negative D) appetitive; aversive
Knowing how to ride a bicycle requires the use of _____ memory, whereas knowing the name of a state capital requires the use of _____. A) episodic; semantic B) semantic; episodic C) explicit; implicit D) implicit; explicit
We experience _____ when prior learning disrupts the retrieval of new information. A) the misinformation effect B) source amnesia C) retroactive interference D) proactive interference
Opponent-process theory explains why _____. A) we cannot detect colors that are reddish-green or bluish-yellow B) dark adaptation takes longer in cones because of the necessity of stimulating two opponent-process colors C) when all three cones are stimulated equally, we experience an absence of color D) colors, such as orange and red, look brighter outside in daylight than inside in incandescent light

A) It is adaptive for us not to be overwhelmed by large changes. B) Even a small change can alert us to danger and give us a chance to escape. C) The higher the exponent is, the more realistic the judgment is. D) It is easier to understand the law if higher intensities have greater exponents.

John is participating in an experiment that is designed to determine how much brighter a light has to be before he perceives the magnitude as twice as bright as the original light. Jane is participating in an experiment to determine how strong an odor has to be before she initially perceives the odor. The experiment in which John is participating relates to the _____ question and the experiment in which Jane is participating relates to the _____ question. A) difference; scaling B) detection; difference C) difference; detection D) scaling; detection
The trichromatic theory of color vision proposes that we have three types of _____. A) cones and that each type is specialized for two complementary colors B) cones specialized for perceiving wavelengths of light corresponding to red, green, and yellow C) cells that perceive wavelengths of light and that they are located in the post-receptor level of processing (along the visual pathways from the bipolar cells to the brain) D) cones specialized for perceiving wavelengths of light corresponding to blue, green, and red
A rat is in an operant chamber and learns that a pellet of food will be delivered only when a bar is pressed following the sounding of a high-pitched tone. In this example, the _____ would be considered the discriminative stimulus. A) the pellet of food B) All the answers are correct. C) bar being pressed D) the sounding of the tone
Which topic(s) would a psychophysics researcher be MOST likely to study? A) the relationship between physical and psychological pain for trauma survivors B) the relationship between sound wave frequency level and hair cell damage C) the relationship between various decibel levels and their perceived loudness D) All of these.

Which statement about the relationship between the operant response and the discriminative stimulus is TRUE? A) Operant responses are spontaneously recovered only if the discriminative stimulus is presented. B) The operant response is only given in the presence of the discriminative stimulus. C) The operant response is generalized when the discriminative stimulus is present. D) The discriminative stimulus extinguishes the operant response.
Lana's dog Echo barks when the phone or doorbell rings. To train Echo only to bark when the doorbell rings, she gives him a treat when he does so. She does not give him a treat when he barks at a ringing phone. Lana is using _____ conditioning to train Echo, using the learning process of stimulus _____. A) classical; generalization B) operant; generalization C) classical; discrimination D) operant; discrimination
Tony is watching TV and sees a commercial in which Michael Jordan, whom he likes very much, is promoting athletic shoes. Tony decides he likes the athletic shoes after watching this commercial. In this example, Michael Jordan is the _____ and the athletic shoes are the _____ A) UCS (unconditioned stimulus); UCR (unconditioned response) B) CS (conditioned stimulus); UCS (unconditioned stimulus) C) CS (conditioned stimulus); CR (conditioned response) D) UCS (unconditioned stimulus); CS (conditioned stimulus)
Laura vividly remembers her high school graduation, an example of _____ memory, but has forgotten the meaning of the term “photosynthesis,” a failure of _____ memory. A) explicit; implicit B) episodic; semantic C) semantic; episodic D) implicit; explicit
When it pertains to memory processes, the term “chunk” means _____. A) the average number of items remembered across a series of memory span trials

According to arousal theory, which of the following BEST describes how arousal influences performance? A) Increased arousal hurts performance up to a point, but after this point, it improves performance. B) The higher the arousal, the better the performance. C) The lower the arousal, the better the performance. D) Increased arousal improves performance up to a point, but too much arousal hurts performance.
Partial schedules of reinforcement _____. A) are more resistant to extinction than continuous schedules of reinforcement B) can be based on the number of responses or time intervals C) All the answers are correct. D) can be fixed or variable
According to levels-of-processing theory, _____ processing stimulates greater recall than _____ processing. A) acoustic; semantic B) semantic; acoustic C) physical; acoustic D) physical; semantic
A research participant is asked to recall one at a time a list of 20 words he has just been asked to learn. When he recalls more words from the beginning than the middle of the list, it is called the _____ effect and is MOST likely due to recall from _____. A) recency; long-term memory B) recency; short-term memory C) primacy; short-term memory D) primacy; long-term memory
When researchers use the term subliminal stimuli, they are referring to stimuli that are _____. A) above threshold and detected at least 50 percent of the time B) below threshold and detected at least 50 percent of the time C) above threshold and detected up to 49 percent of the time D) below threshold and detected up to 49 percent of the time

Psychology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Exams of Psychology

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Partial preview of the text

Download Psychology Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Answer Key - A

1. A

2. B

3. A

4. A

5. C

6. D

7. B

8. D

9. C

10. A

11. C

12. D

13. D

14. D

15. D

16. B

17. D

18. A

19. D

20. B

21. D

22. A

23. D

24. D

25. A

26. D

27. B

28. C

29. C

30. A

31. B

32. D

33. D

34. D

35. C