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Psychology Final Exam 2025 Questions and
Answers
when Molly's mother drops her off at kindergarden, she immediately becomes upset and distressed. What is Molly experiencing when her mother leaves? - Correct answer Separation Anxiety ______ is a deep emotional bond that an infant develops with his or he primary caregiver. It provides a secure base for children to explore the environment, and a safe haven to return when they feel afraid. - Correct answer attachment Mary Ainsworth devised a method called the _____ ______ to examine the nature of attachment between children and caregivers - Correct answer strange situation Michael cries when his mother leaves the room but welcomes her back wen she returns, Michael exhibits a(n) ____ attachment style - Correct answer secure Peek a boo is fun for infants because they have no developed a sense of _____ ______ in that they do not know your face continues to exist when you hide it behind your hands - Correct answer object permanence Gender _____ is a sense of being male or female - Correct answer identity gender ______ is the process of which children learn the abilities, interests, and behaviors associated with being masculine or feminine - Correct answer typing This is the 'pleasure of being touched and held' and is the basis for an infant's first attachment - Correct answer contact comfort ______ is the understanding that the physical properties of objects, such as the amount of liquid in the glass, can remain the same even when their form or appearance changes - Correct answer conservation
Joey, a toddler, was running around the house one day and fell. Unsure of how he should respond, he looked to his mother, Because his mother looked upset and rushed over to care for him, joey also became upset. What phenomenon did joey use to infer how he should respond to falling down? - Correct answer social referencing avoidant and anxious/ambivalent attachment styles fall under which category of attachment - Correct answer insecure _____ _____ is a method of child rearing that uses physical force, threats, insults, and other punishment to get the child to obey - Correct answer power assertion _____ is a method of child rearing that appeals to the child's good nature, empathy, love for the parents and sense of responsibility to others and offers explanation of rules - Correct answer induction Jeffery always makes sure to have his parents in sight, even when he is playing. He is exhibiting _____ _____, in which he stays close to his parents to keep safe. - Correct answer proximity maintenance 12yrs-adult; abstract - Correct answer Formal Operations birth-2yrs - Correct answer sensorimotor 7-12yrs; can understand conversation, reversibility, and causation - Correct answer concrete operations 2-7yrs - Correct answer preoperational _____ intelligence is the capacity for deductive reasoning and the ability to use new information to solve problems - Correct answer fluid ______ intelligence if the cognitive skills and specific knowledge of information acquired over a lifetime - Correct answer crystallized Erik Erikson characterized his eight stages of development by a(n) _____ or psychological challenge that should be resolved before the individual moves on to the next stage - Correct answer crisis
precise definition of the phenomenon being measures - Correct answer operational definition Joe experiences the fight or flight response when he sees a slide. However when the spider goes away, joe calms down and rests and digests. what two systems of the autonomic nervous system are at play here? - Correct answer Sympathetic; parasympathetic Different parts of the brain perform different tasks, best describes this brain theory - Correct answer localization of function receives information from nerve cells and transmit it toward the cells body - Correct answer dendrites keeps the neuron alive and determines whether or not it will fire - Correct answer cell body (soma) conducts impulses away from the cell body and transmits them to other neurons - Correct answer axon hold neurons in place - Correct answer glia fatty insulation that may surround the axon of a neuron - Correct answer myelin sheath (multiple sclerosis) constriction in the myelin sheath, which helps divide into segments - Correct answer nodes of ranvier ______ is the detection of physical energy emitted or reflected physical objects - Correct answer sensory _____ is the process by which the brain organized and interprets information - Correct answer perception A person with this condistin may say that the color purple smells like a rose
- Correct answer synesthesia Lydia sees a fire in HoCo. However she doesn't call 911 because she assumes someone else already has. What is this effect called? - Correct answer Diffusion of responsibility
A doctor trying to determine the best treatment for a patient would use a(n)
- Correct answer heuristic A person trying to solve a long division problem would use a(n) - Correct answer algorithm Police officers who are convinced of a suspect's guilt take anything the suspect says or does as evidence that confirms it. This is an example of what? - Correct answer confirmation bias Katie is reminded before a math exam that women are not good at math/ Her self-conscious awareness of the stereotype during the exam leads to decrease in performance. what is this situation an example of? - Correct answer Stereotype threat If someone asked you how you learned to walk. go up the stairs, or how to speak your native language, it is likely that you can't remember exactly how you learned it. therefore these are examples of _____ - Correct answer implicit thinking My very educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pizza's, a phrase to remember the order of the planets, is an example of a(n) _____ - Correct answer mnemonic What is the name of the memory system that momentarily preserves extremely accurate images or sensory information? - Correct answer sensory register procedural memories can be examples of _____ memory. For example, knowing how to was unconsciously retained in memory (you don't have to remember how to walk every time you do) - Correct answer implicit ____ memory is out conscious intentional recollection of an event or of an item of info - Correct answer explicit "knowing how" to do something such as combing your hair, brushing your teeth, or driving a car are ____ memories - Correct answer procedural
memories of general knowledge, including facts, rules, concepts, and propositions. Knowing what certain words and symbols mean - Correct answer semantic memories Jan reads Jim-Bob a list of groceries to get at the store ("apples, sardines, cereal, broccoli, milk, sour cream, avocados"), he is more likely to remember "apples" and "avocados" - Correct answer serial-position effect You "remember" on Thanksgiving several years ago about the turkey fiasco in which grandma tripped, knocked the turkey onto the floor, and then the dog ate it. The story has been told over and over again so that you began to believe you saw it for yourself. However you were actually taking a nap when it happened. What is this an example of? - Correct answer comfabulation The __________ __________ momentarily preserves extremely accurate images of sensory information - Correct answer sensory register __________ __________ holds and operates on information retrieved from long-term memory for temporary use. - Correct answer working memory Multiple choice questions are examples of __________ questions - Correct answer recognition Essay and fill-in-the- blank questions are examples of __________ questions - Correct answer recall "Smiling tells that we're happy, and frowning tells us that we're sad or angry" is an example of what phenomenon? - Correct answer facial feedback These help us identify what others are feeling, understand other's intentions, imitate actions and gestures, and are important for experiencing empathy. - Correct answer mirror neurons When you talked to a friend who is nervous about the final exam, you came away feeling a little nervous yourself. This spread of emotion from one person to another is known as __________ __________. - Correct answer mood contagion
Customer service representatives and retail workers may be involved in __________ __________, in which they express emotions that they do not necessarily feel. - Correct answer emotion work A series of physiological reactions to stress occurring in three phases: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion - Correct answer general adaptation Activated SNS to immediate threat, release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, boost energy and tense muscles, fight-or-flight. - Correct answer alarm phase Vulnerability to physical problems and illness, death - Correct answer exhaustion phase Body attempting to cope with stressor, physiological responses make body more vulnerable to other stressors. - Correct answer resistance phase To perceive the internal frame of reference of another with accuracy and with the emotional components and meanings which pertain thereto as if one were the person. - Correct answer empathy Personality is like a(n) __________; we see only some of it, but the majority is buried, out of sight, and unconscious - Correct answer iceberg A 10-year-old who is anxious about moving to a new town reverts to sucking his thumb. He is exhibiting __________, which occurs when a person reverts to a previous phase of psychological development - Correct answer regression Referee between the needs of instinct and the demands of society, represents reason, good sense, and rational self- control - Correct answer ego Present at birth; contains inherited psychic energy and sexual and aggressive instincts - Correct answer id Voice of conscience, representing morality and parental authority - Correct answer superego
Scott experiences recurring panic attacks, periods of intense fear, and feelings of impending doom or death, along with physiological arousal. What anxiety disorder may Scott have? - Correct answer panic disorder __________ is a psychotic disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, inappropriate behavior, and cognitive impairments - Correct answer schizophrenia What model suggests that a biological/genetic predisposition interacts with the environment and life events to trigger specific psychological disorders?
- Correct answer vulnerability stress model The ______ provides descriptive criteria for diagnosing mental disorders. it enables clinicians and researchers to agree on which disorders that are talking about so they can study and treat them. - Correct answer DSM-V __________ therapy is a form of therapy designed to identify and change irrational, unproductive ways of thinking and to reduce negative emotions - Correct answer cognitive What is the most important factor contributing to success in therapy? - Correct answer thereaputic alliance Rick has prolonged, severe depression that cannot be treated with antidepressants. Therefore, every few months he undergoes a procedure which causes a brief brain seizure that helps keep his depression manageable. What is this procedure called? - Correct answer ECT This type of therapy is known as "depth" therapy, in which the purpose is to delve into unconscious processes believed to be the source of the patient's problems - Correct answer psychodynamic therapy Therapists who want to know how clients subjectively see their own situations and how they construe the world around them are using __________ therapy, which emphasizes personal growth and the achievement of the human potential - Correct answer humanist
