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polls >. Psychoanalytic Theory CG scanne d with OKEN Scanner Jewish background, though avowed atheist Lived in Vienna until Nazi occupation in 1938 Had medical background- wanted to do “neurophysiologic research” Private practice in nervous and brain disorders. = Scanned with OKEN Scanner Psychoanalytic theory was the first of many psychodynamic theories to follow many within a direct line from Freudian thinking. Freud ‘discovered’ the unconscious which is the basis for all psychodynamic theories Psychodynamic theories hold that human behavior is primarily the function of reactions to internal (thus mostly unconscious) stimuli instincts, urges, thoughts. Behavioral theories on the other hand hold that behavior is in response to external stimuli; responses are learned and over time appear as automatic. Some would hold the possibility of internal stimuli; however, such cannot be seen and/or measured and thus are not a fit subject for science. Phenomenological theories hold that the human is in process of becoming and just 6-9 Is. For the trainee, the purpose was to develop an acute awareness of one’s own psyche so as to prevent interference from one’s own biases with the analysis of another. This is called counter- transference. Freud named the level of consciousness - unconscious, conscious and preconscious (notin much use now) Freud developed a topography of the self: id, ego and superego. Freud also posited that human behavior was built up over time through distinct stages. Freudian stages were oral, anal, oedipal, latency, genital. Observation of infant reveled to him the preoccupation with feeding and nurturance; excretion and toilet training, discovery of genitals and sensation from erogenous zones. Following is a period of when the child 1s less preoccupied with their bodily functions and concerned about relations in the social world. When adolescence presents another radical physiological change, once more the person is preoccupied with the body and sexual feelings and activities now they are living in an adult body. Conscious Current contents of your mind that What we call working memory Easily accessed all the time Preconscious _|Contents of the mind you are not currently aware of Thoughts, memories, knowledge, wishes, feelings Available for easy access when needed Freudian Components of Personality Conscious *-Kgo *Superego Uinconsdioudid) ID immediate gratification, not willing to compromise Generates all of the personality’s energy EGO Resides in all levels of awareness Operates under “reality principle” Attempts negotiation between Id and Superego to satisfy both realistically Ego: part of personality that mediates the demands of the id, the superego and reality - The ego has no concept of right or wrong; something is good simply if it achieves its end of satisfying without causing harm to itself or to the id. Superego: part of the mind that houses morals/ values - conscience can punish the ego through causing feelings of guilt or shame, reward us by feeling proud when we live up to it - ego ideal: ultimate standard of behavior as a “sood” member of society. The interaction of these three parts of ourselves is characterized by conflict. DEFENSE MECHANISMS _defense mechanisms operate unconsciously to protect the ego from threats from the 1d and from external reality. Denial Refusal to 1.e. denying acceptexternal _ that your realities physician's because too diagnosis of threatening to cancer is enter awareness correct and seeking a second opinion CG Scanned with OKEN Scanner 
