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The PTA is preparing to transfer the patient into a wheelchair from their bed. What should be done FIRST before attempting to move the patient? a. remain close to the patient and guard them properly? b. Use a safety belt or sling and the pts knees, pelvis, or upper thorax for stabilization or control c. Lock all the wheels on the wheelchair, bed or gurney d. A safety belt or a transfer sling, sheet, or towel under the buttocks should be used if the pt will move from 1 surface to another C The PT is observing the gait of a patient and notes that patient demonstrates toe drag in the swing phase of the gait cycle with their current orthotic. Which of the following orthotic impairment would potentially contribute to this gait deviation? A. Excessive dorsiflexion assist B. Inadequate dorsiflexion assist C. Inadequate knee lock
D. Excessive plantarflexion stop B
a. above the level of the patient's bladder b. below the level of the patient's bladder c. above the level of the patient's heart d. below the level of the patient's heart b. below the patient's bladder A PTA monitors a patient's pulse after ambulation activities. The therapist notes that at times the rhythm of the pulse is irregular. When assessing the patient;s pulse rate the therapist should measure the pulse for: a. 10 seconds b. 15 seconds c. 30 seconds d. 60 seconds d. 60 seconds A PTA completes an isokinetic test on an 18-year-old male rehabilitating from a medial menisectomy. The therapist notes that the patient generates 140 ft/lbs of force using the uninvolved quadriceps at 60°/sec. Assuming a normal ratio of hamstrings to quadriceps strength, which of the following would be an acceptable hamstrings value at 60° per second? a. 64 ft/lbs b. 84 ft/lbs
c. 114 ft/lbs d. 116 ft/lbs b. 84 ft/lbs A physical therapist assistant presents an in-service to the rehabilitation staff that compares traditional gait terminology with Rancho Los Amigos terminology. Which pair of descriptive terms describes the same general point in the gait cycle? A. Midstance to heel off and initial swing B. Heel strike and initial contact C. Foot flat to midstance and loading response D. Toe off and midswing B. Heel strike and initial contact A physical therapist assistant inspects a patient's wheelchair and identifies that the drive wheel axle is aligned further posterior than it typically would be in a standard wheelchair. This type of alignment would MOST likely result in which of the following outcomes? A. Decreased rolling resistance B. Increased ability to balance on the rear wheels C. Decreased turning radius D. Increased energy required for propulsion D. Increased energy required for propulsion
B. Prothrombin time C. Serum electrolytes D. Serum cholesterol C. Serum electrolytes A patient reports recurrent ankle pain. The physical therapist directs a physical therapist assistant to perform ultrasound over the peroneus longus and brevis tendons. Which of the following locations is the MOST appropriate for the application of ultrasound? A. Inferior to the sustentaculum tali B. Over the sinus tarsi region C. Posterior to the lateral malleolus D. Anterior to the lateral malleolus C. Posterior to the lateral malleolus A physical therapist assistant prepares to measure medial rotation of a patient's shoulder with a goniometer. Which of the following structures should the assistant use to align the fulcrum? A. On the lateral midline of the humerus using the lateral epicondyle as a reference B. Perpendicular to the floor C. Along the midaxillary line of the thorax D. Over the olecranon process D. Over the olecranon process
A physical therapist assistant monitors a patient with a single lead electrocardiogram. After reviewing the obtained data, the rhythm is classified as sinus bradycardia. Which of the following descriptions is the MOST indicative of this condition? A. R-R interval is irregular with a rate between 100 and 200 beats per minute B. R-R interval is irregular with a rate between 40 and 100 beats per minute C. R-R interval is regular with a rate greater than 100 beats per minute D. R-R interval is regular with a rate less than 60 beats per minute D. R-R interval is regular with a rate less than 60 beats per minute A physical therapist assistant reviews the medical record of a patient with an arthritic condition. Which piece of information would be the MOST useful to assist in the definitive diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis? A. Pain profile B. Joint symptoms C. Blood tests D. Age of onset C. Blood tests A physical therapist assistant reads in a patient's medical chart that the patient has been prescribed albuterol. Which of the following conditions would MOST likely require the use of the medication?
A physical therapist assistant reads a recent entry in a patient's medical record that indicates aspiration was performed in the elbow region. This procedure is MOST commonly associated with which ofthe following conditions? A. Dorsal ganglion cyst B. Lateral epicondylitis C. Medial epicondylitis D. Olecranon bursitis D. Olecranon bursitis A patient is referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of left shoulder impingement. During the session, the physical therapist assistant begins to suspect a systemic cause for the patient's pain. Which of the following symptoms would BEST support this hypothesis? A. Pain has been present for years B. Pain is alleviated with the use of cryotherapy C. Pain is aggravated by cervical rotation D. Pain remains unrelieved with rest D. Pain remains unrelieved with rest A physical therapist assistant completes a developmental assessment on an infant. At what age should an infant begin to sit with hand support for an extended period of time? A. 6 - 7 months
B. 8 - 9 months C. 10 - 11 months D. 12 - 15 months A. 6 - 7 months A physical therapist assistant instructs a patient in a self-stretching activity using the FABER test position. This test position should be MOST useful to stretch which of the following muscle groups of the hip? A. Abductors B. Flexors C. External rotators D. Internal rotators D. Internal rotators A patient who has a spinal cord injury informs a physical therapist assistant that they will walk again. Which type of injury would make functional ambulation the MOST unrealistic? A. Complete T9 paraplegia B. Posterior cord syndrome C. Brown-Sequard's syndrome D. Cauda equina injury A. Complete T9 paraplegia
B. Mechanical percussors C. Incentive spirometer D. Flutter valve C. Incentive spirometer A physical therapist assistant reviews the surface anatomy of the hand in preparation for a patient post wrist arthrodesis. Which of the following bony structures does NOT articulate with the lunate? A. Trapezium B. Radius C. Capitate D. Scaphoid A. Trapezium A physical therapist assistant concludes that it is necessary to elongate the long head of the triceps brachii as part of a muscle length assessment of the elbow. Which positioning of the upper extremity would be the MOST effective for achieving the stated objective? A. Elbow extension and shoulder extension B. Elbow extension and shoulder flexion C. Elbow flexion and shoulder extension D. Elbow flexion and shoulder flexion D. Elbow flexion and shoulder flexion
A patient in the physical therapy gym suddenly grasps their throats and begins to cough. The physical therapist assistant, recognizing the signs of an airway obstruction, should take which of the following actions? A. Attempt to ventilate B. Administer abdominal thrusts C. Perform a quick finger sweep of the mouth D. Continue to observe the patient, but do not interfere D. Continue to observe the patient, but do not interfere A physical therapist assistant reviews a patient's medical record prior to beginning treatment. The record indicates the patient was recently placed on amitriptyline (Elavil). Which of the following responses is the MOST common side effect associated with this tricyclic antidepressant? A. Sedation B. Dysarthria C. Seizures D. Blood pressure variability A. Sedation A physical therapist assistant notices significant atrophy of the infraspinatus muscle while treating a patient with shoulder pathology. This finding is MOST consistent with an injury to which of the following nerves? A. Axillary
D. Pharmacological management A patient sustained a non-displaced fracture of the proximal humerus. Which of the following clinical findings would provide the BEST support for the patient being cleared to perform active-assisted exercise? A. Hematoma formation B. Diminished pain C. Callus formation D. Remodeling C. Callus formation A physical therapist assistant reporting at a team meeting indicates that a patient with a spinal cord injury should be able to perform household ambulation using knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) and forearm crutches upon discharge. The patient's quadriceps strength is currently Poor plus (2+/5). What level of spinal cord injury is the MOST likely based on the assistant's prediction? A. L B. L C. L D. S B. L
A physical therapist treating a patient with a physical therapist assistant decides to discontinue the scheduled physical therapy session due to a suspected pulmonary embolism and requests further consultation from the attending physician. Which of the following clinical findings BEST supports the therapist's hypothesis? A. Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) of 85 mm Hg B. Resting respiratory rate of 14 breaths per minute C. Resting heart rate of 100 beats per minute D. Increased cough with the presence of hemoptysis D. Increased cough with the presence of hemoptysis A physical therapist assistant assesses the functional strength of a patient's hip extensors while observing the patient move from a standing to sitting position. What type of contraction occurs in the hip extensors during this activity? A. Concentric B. Eccentric C. Isometric D. Isokinetic B. Eccentric We have an expert-written solution to this problem! A physical therapist assistant prepares to work with a two-month-old infant diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta. Which of the following outcomes should the assistant recognize as the PRIMARY goal of therapy for this patient? A. Improve muscle strength and diminish tone
C. Duchenne muscular dystrophy We have an expert-written solution to this problem! A physical therapist assistant used the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) technique known as repeated contractions to strengthen the quadriceps of a patient that fails to exhibit the desired muscular response throughout a portion of the range of motion. Which of the following descriptions BEST explains how this technique should be applied? A. With the extremity placed into a shortened range within the pattern B. At the point where the desired muscular response begins to diminish C. At the end of the available range of motion D. With a maximal contraction of the antagonistic muscle group B. At the point where the desired muscular response begins to diminish A patient who has vascular intermittent claudication is seen for cardiac rehabilitation. Which ankle-brachial index (ABI) value would be the MOST consistent with intermittent claudication symptoms that only occur during fairly intense exercise? A. 0. B. 0. C. 0. D. 1. C. 0.
A physical therapist assistant treats a patient diagnosed with plantar fasciitis. During the treatment session, the assistant attempts to strengthen the muscles that support the medial longitudinal arch. Which of the following muscles would be MOST important to emphasize in the strengthening program? A. Gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris B. Fibularis (peroneus) longus and brevis C. Tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus D. Tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus D. Tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus A physical therapist assistant treats a patient with suspected ulnar nerve palsy. Which of the following clinical findings is MOST consistent with this diagnosis? A. Wasting of the hypothenar eminence B. Wrist drop with increased flexion of the wrist C. Increased flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint D. Proximal interphalangeal joint hyperextension and slight flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint A. Wasting of the hypothenar eminence Which of the following degenerative central nervous system disorders should the physical therapist assistant recognize as consisting primarily of destruction of the motor neurons in the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord? A. Parkinson's disease
