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PYB202 Exam Questions And
Complete Answers
Assimilative - Answer self becomes more similar to the target
Constrastive - Answer self becomes less similar to the target
Non binary - Answer someone who identifies as neither or both genders
Gender spectrum - Answer masculine -> androgyny -> feminine
gender binary - Answer thinking of gender as male and female social expectations about characteristics and behaviours
sociometer theory - Answer driven by need for connection and approval, self-esteem signals level of social inclusion
Social Psychology - Answer scientific study of how individuals think, feel and behave in a social context, based on empirical research
Self-concept - Answer the sum total of beliefs that people have about themselves, beliefs about oneself that guide processing of self-relevant information
Self-perception - Answer a way we come to know ourselves by observing our behavior and making attributions
self-esteem - Answer evaluation of the self, differs to the individual in level and stability, people are motivated to protect self esteem
interdependent view of self - Answer define self by one's relationship to others, non-western cultures
independent view of self - Answer define self using own thoughts/feelings/behaviours, western cultures
downward comparison - Answer compare self to someone who is worse on some dimension
upward comparison - Answer compare self to someone who is better on some dimension
social comparison theory - Answer when uncertain about our abilities or opinions, we evaluate self through comparisons with similar others
individual differences - Answer intrinsic, achievement oriented
reward types - Answer verbal praise, tangible reward, positive feedback about competence
Over-justification effect - Answer rewards are introduced to intrinsically motivated behaviours so the reward becomes the reason we do it rather than enjoyment
Extrinsic - Answer external motivation, doing something for money/marks/recognition/obligation/punishment
Intrinsic - Answer internal motivation, doing something out of interest/enjoyment/challenge
Self-perception theory - Answer when internal cues are weak, we look at our behaviour and consider the situation. If situation can't explain, we infer a corresponding internal state
transgender - Answer gender identity or expression doesn't conform to sex assigned at birth
sexual orientation - Answer physical/romantic attraction to a certain sex/es
gender expression - Answer a person's behavioural expression related to gender
gender identity - Answer a person's inherent sense of being male, female, or other
gender - Answer cultural expectations associated with biological sex
biological sex - Answer label assigned at birth
self-verification - Answer want others to see ourselves how we see ourselves
self-serving beliefs - Answer self-enhancing recollection, attributions, optimisms about ones future
better-than-average effect - Answer most people think highly of themselves, biased towards self-enhancement
self-enhancement - Answer people are motivated to feel good about themselves and this can affect their thoughts and behaviours
self-awareness theory - Answer self-focused attention leads us to compare ourselves to internal standards and values, not meeting internal standards leads to discomfort
terror management theory - Answer driven by self-preservation by conscious and scared of death, self-esteem acts as a buffer against thoughts against death as we believe we are leading a purposeful life
