Download Quiz #24 Review: Community Health; Safety/Facility Emergency Preparedness; Legal and Ethi and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
Quiz #24 Review: Community Health; Safety/Facility Emergency
Preparedness; Legal and Ethical Issues; Transcultural Nursing Qs&As
100% Pass!
What is the primary concern of the nurse within a health care facility? - ANS-✔✔-ensuring a safe physical environment
-administering medications safely
-helping patients feel safe in their environment
Precautions to promote safety - ANS-✔✔-assist patients when they get out of bed
-demonstrate proper use of emergency call buttons or cords
-encourage patients to wear nonslip slippers or shoes
-encourage use of handrails
-instruct patient to use call bell for assistance
-keep beds in lowest position
-lock wheels on beds, wheelchairs and gurneys
-place bedside table within reach
-provide adequate lighting
Sentinel Event - ANS-✔✔-any unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk thereof
-ex. medication errors, errors in procedures and treatments
Who are at risk for falls? - ANS-✔✔-the very young
-older adults
-individuals who become ill or are injured
-those in unfamiliar environments
-patients on anesthesia, sedatives or narcotic drugs
Safety Reminder Device (SRD) - ANS-✔✔-any of the numerous devices used to immobilize a patient or part of the patient's body such as arms or hands
-may help disoriented patient from wandering, prevents or reduces risk of patients falling from bed or chair
-need a physician's order detailing duration and circumstances under which the SRDs are to be used
Types of SRDs - ANS-✔✔-wrist or ankle (extremity) SRD
-elbow SRD
-vest or wrap jacket or chest SRD
-gait or safety reminder belts
Where on the bed should safety reminder devices be secured? - ANS-✔✔-ends of the ties should be secured to the movable portion of the bed frame that moves with the patient when the bed is adjusted
-NOT to the side rails
Applying safety reminder devices - ANS-✔✔-ends of the ties should be secured to the movable portion of the bed frame that moves with the patient when the bed is adjusted
-leave as much slack as possible (1-2 inches)
-palpate pulses below the SRD
Proper application of SRD - ANS-✔✔1. refer to the medical record
- perform hand hygiene
- introduce self
- identify the patient
- explain the procedure
-encourage participation in diversional activities
-maintain toileting routines
-consult physical and occupational therapists
Levels of Latex sensitivity - ANS-✔✔1. contact dermatitis: non-allergic response; skin redness and itching
- Type IV hypersensitivity: delayed reaction, redness, itching, hives, runny nose and eyes; aka allergic contact dermatitis
- Type 1 hypersensitivity: a true latex allergy; possible life threatening; histamine is released causing symptoms; systemic reaction
Reducing radiation exposure - ANS-✔✔-limit time spent near the source
-keep as great a distance from the source as possible
-use shielding devices such as lead aprons
Mercury Spill Cleanup Procedure - ANS-✔✔1. Evacuate the room except for housekeeping crew (if available)
- Ventilate the area. Close interior doors and open any outside windows.
- DO NOT VACUUM THE SPILL!
After mercury has been removed:
4.Mop the floor with a mercury-specific cleanser
5.Dispose of collected mercury according to a local environmental safety regulations.
Active Shooter - ANS-✔✔-An individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in a confined and populated area
-in most cases, active shooters use firearms and there is no pattern or method to their selection of victims
Workplace violence - ANS-✔✔-any intense, extreme behavior used to frighten, intimidate, threaten, or injure a person or damage or destroy property
-one does not have to be physically hurt to get protection under the law
Workplace violence risk factors - ANS-✔✔-onsite presence of upset, agitated, and disturbed family members and visitors
-staff being alone with patients during care or transport to other agency areas during examination or treatment
-long emergency department waits, increasing agitation and frustration
-poorly lit parking areas or distant parking areas
- lack of staff training in recognizing and managing potentially violent situations
Safety measures when dealing with agitated or aggressive people - ANS-✔✔-stand away from the person
-position yourself close to the door
-stay calm
-do not touch the person
-leave the room as soon as you are able
-note location of panic buttons, call bells, alarms
R.A.C.E. - ANS-✔✔-R: rescue and remove all patients in immediate danger
-A: activate the alarm; always do this before attempting to extinguish a minor fire
-C: confine the fire by closing doors and windows and turning off all oxygen and electrical equipment
-E: extinguish the fire using an extinguisher
Fire Guidelines - ANS-✔✔-keep phone number for reporting fires visible on telephone at all times
-know agency's fire drill and evacuation plan
What is the first action recommending in the even of ingestion of a poison? - ANS-✔✔call the poison control center @ 1-800-222-
Disaster Situation - ANS-✔✔-An uncontrollable, unexpected, psychologically shocking event that is unique and likely to have a significant impact on a variety of health care facilities
-earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, tornados, bombings, arson
External Disaster - ANS-✔✔originates outside the health care facility and results in an influx of casualties brought to the facility
Internal Disaster - ANS-✔✔-represents an extraordinary situation that is brought about by events within the health care facility, such as a fire
-has the ability to threaten safety of patients, visitors, staff, and facility property
Terrorism - ANS-✔✔a violent or dangerous act used to intimidate or coerce a person or government to further a political or social agenda
Bioterrorism - ANS-✔✔-the use of biologic agents to create fear and to threaten
-overt (announced)
-covert (unannounced)
Anthrax - ANS-✔✔acute infectious disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus
Botulism - ANS-✔✔caused by Clostridium botulinum, an encapsulated anaerobic gram-positive, spore- forming bacterium that produces a potent neuroparalytic
Plague - ANS-✔✔an acute bacterial disease caused by gram-negative bacillus, Yersinia estic
Smallpox - ANS-✔✔an acute contagious viral disease caused by variola virus
Culture - ANS-✔✔-a set of learned values, beliefs, customs, and practices that are shared by a group and are passed from one generation to another
-all members of a culture do not exhibit the same behaviors
Subculture - ANS-✔✔shares many characteristics with the primary culture but has characteristic patterns of behavior and ideals that distinguish from the rest of a subculture group
Common characteristics of cultures - ANS-✔✔-culture is learned, beginning at birth, through language and socialization
-culture tends to be dynamic and ever changing
-members of the same cultural group may share patterns that are present in every culture
-culture is an adaptation to specific factors or conditions in a specific location
Stereotype - ANS-✔✔a generalized expectation about forms of behavior, an individual, or a group
Ethnic Stereotype - ANS-✔✔a fixed concept of how all members of an ethnic group act or think
Ethnocentrism - ANS-✔✔when members of a particular ethnic group believe that their beliefs and practices are the best
Cultural Competence - ANS-✔✔the awareness of one's own cultural beliefs and practices and their relation to those of others, which may be different
Cultural considerations and eye contact - ANS-✔✔-older Native Americans may avoid eye contact
-for Chinese-American patients, try to avoid lingering eye contact
-direct eye contact between the sexes in Middle Eastern cultures is forbidden except between spouses
-sustained direct eye contact is considered rude for Mexican Americans
-direct eye contact in European American cultures is a sign of honesty and truthfulness
Cultural considerations and time - ANS-✔✔-United States and many Northern European cultures give high priority to being on time
-Japanese American culture places emphasis on promptness and adherence to fixed schedules
-Eastern cultures, including Chinese, East Indians, Filipino, and Korean, schedules are more flexible concepts
-Mexican Americans prioritize current activities and are less concerned about previously planned meetings
Future Oriented - ANS-✔✔present actions are taken based on future outcome
Present Oriented - ANS-✔✔person chooses to satisfy a current, more urgent need rather than prepare for a less immediate one that is in the future
Patriarchal - ANS-✔✔relating to a society in which men hold the greatest legal and moral authority
Matriarchal - ANS-✔✔relating to a social system in which the mother is head of the family
American Muslim Cultural Considerations - ANS-✔✔-death: family is contacted before any care of the deceased is performed; special procedures observed for washing and shrouding the body
-dietary habits: do not eat pork; many do not eat cornbread and collard greens
-time is necessary to permit prayer
Baptist Cultural Considerations - ANS-✔✔-death: no general service is provided; patient is encouraged to believe in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord
-dietary habits: total abstinence from alcohol is expected
-time is necessary to permit prayer
Islam Cultural Considerations - ANS-✔✔-birth: baby is bathed immediately after birth, before given to mother
-abortion is forbidden; many do not use birth control
-women are not allowed to sign consent forms or make a decisions regarding family planning
-for medical examination, women prefer female doctors
-death: before death, Quran is read; after death, family wash, prepare, and place the body in position facing Mecca; burial is performed; donation of body parts is not allowed
-dietary habits: no pork or alcoholic beverages; all halal meat; fasting during Ramadan
-prayer time and washing is required
Taviz - ANS-✔✔a black string on which words of the Quran are attached
Zabihah - ANS-✔✔correctly slaughtered meat for followers of Islam
Jehovah's Witness Cultural Considerations - ANS-✔✔-use of birth control is a personal decision; abortion is opposed
-blood transfusions violate God's laws and therefore are not allowed
-death: autopsy is a private manner to be decided by the people involved; burial and cremation are acceptable
-dietary habits: use of alcohol and tobacco is discourages
-organ transplants are private decisions
Negligence - ANS-✔✔-refers to failure to act in a manner demonstrating the care and knowledge any prudent individual would
-professional-level accountability and judgement are not required elements to establish negligence
Malpractice - ANS-✔✔Referred to as professional negligence; below the standard of care; 4 key elements must be present:
- duty refers the established relationship between the patient and the nurse
- breach of duty is failure to perform the duty in a reasonable, prudent manner
- harm has occurred
- breach of duty was the proximate cause of the harm
Assault - ANS-✔✔an intentional threat to cause bodily harm to another
When is the nurse-patient relationship initiated? - ANS-✔✔when a nurse accepts a patient care assignment
Standards of Care - ANS-✔✔obligations of the nurse including those activities that are obligatory and those that are prohibited
HIPPA - ANS-✔✔-Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
-sets rules and limits on who has permission to look at and receive health information and assigns penalties for wrongful disclosure of individually identifiable health information
Informed Consent - ANS-✔✔full disclosure of the facts the patient needs to make an intelligent (informed) decision before any invasive treatment or procedure is performed
Invasion of Privacy - ANS-✔✔revealing personal information about an individual without his or her consent
How to avoid a lawsuit - ANS-✔✔-provide compassionate, competent nursing care
-nurse-patient relationship should be based on trust and respect
-follow standards of care
-proper documentation is important
Ethics - ANS-✔✔values that influence a person's behavior and the individual's feelings and beliefs about what is right or wrong
Value Clarification - ANS-✔✔process of self-evaluation that helps gain insight into personal values
Autonomy - ANS-✔✔freedom of personal choice, a right to be independent and make decisions freely
Beneficence - ANS-✔✔doing good or acting for someone's good
Nonmaleficence - ANS-✔✔do no harm
Refusal to Treat - ANS-✔✔-patient's care requires a nurse to do something that conflicts with his or her personal moral beliefs (abortion, DNRs)
-do not abandon the patient
-ask for another assignment
-disagreement with care decisions made by patients does not allow the nurse to refuse to care for them
When is discharge planning started? - ANS-✔✔upon admission
Medicare Requirements - ANS-✔✔-must be 65 or older, disabled, or have end-stage renal disease
-have to be under a licensed physician
-home care recipients must also be homebound and in need of skilled nursing or therapy services on an intermittent basis
Medicaid - ANS-✔✔-pays for home care services to indigent and low-income people of all ages
-subsidized by state and federal funding
What should not be delegated to an UAP? - ANS-✔✔do not delegate what you can E.A.T
-evaluate
-assess/administer meds
-treat/teach
Key Features of Assisted Living - ANS-✔✔-services and supervision available 24 hours per day
-services to meet scheduled and unscheduled needs
-care and services provided or arranged to promote independence
-emphasis on resident's dignity, autonomy and choice
-emphasis on privacy and homelike environment
Meals on Wheels - ANS-✔✔a community-supported nutrition program in which prepared meals are delivered to elders in their homes, usually by volunteers
