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Part of the "democratizing" of politics during the age of Jackson was the A) direct election of U.S. senators. B) enfranchisement of women in western states. C) elimination of property qualifications for voting and holding office. D) direct election of the president and vice-president.
E) direct election of members of the House of Representatives.
Points Earned: 0.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 2. Prior to the "democratizing" of politics during the age of Jackson, presidential candidates were usually chosen by a A) national convention. B) state legislature. C) congressional caucus. D) national electoral commission.
E) series of state conventions.
Points Earned: 0.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 3. During John Quincy Adams' presidency, the politician who prepared for the next election by relying on his military reputation and portraying himself as losing the presidency in 1824 due to the "corrupt bargain" was A) Henry Clay. B) William Harris Crawford. C) William Henry Harrison. D) John C. Calhoun.
E) Andrew Jackson.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E
In the election of 1828, A) Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams in a contest disgraced by character assassination on both sides. B) Henry Clay was chosen President when the election was thrown into the House of Representatives. C) Andrew Jackson lost because of the "corrupt bargain" between Clay and Adams. D) Andrew Jackson defeated John Quincy Adams in a campaign devoted to an impartial examination of the issues.
E) the negative political campaigns depressed voter turnout.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 5. Your text describes who as "the symbol for a new democratically-oriented generation.. .both a great hero and... .a man of the people... ."? A) Martin Van Buren B) Henry Clay C) Andrew Jackson D) John C. Calhoun
E) William Henry Harrison.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 6. The basic concept underlying the "spoils system" was that A) candidates must campaign viciously to "spoil" the chances of their opponents. B) party workers must be rewarded with political office after a successful campaign. C) there was no need to take into account the wishes of the average voter. D) aristocrats had a natural right to govern and spoil the country.
E) government positions should not be "spoiled" by turning them into political
plums.
Points Earned: 0.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B
Jackson's popularity and success were primarily the result of his A) expert knowledge of the issues. B) genius as an administrator. C) personality and leadership. D) refusal to challenge Congress in any way.
E) open-mindedness to all sides of a question.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 11. The 1830 debate between Senators Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne focused on A) the doctrine of states' rights as opposed to national power. B) the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States. C) the "corrupt bargain" during the election of 1824. D) Webster's handling of foreign affairs.
E) Jackson's policy of Indian removal.
Points Earned: 0.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 12. "The great question is: Whose prerogative is it to decide on the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of the laws?... .I say the right of a state to annul a law of Congress cannot be maintained... .When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last time the sun in heaven.. .let their last feeble.. .glance.. .behold the gorgeous ensign of the republic.. .not a stripe erased...nor a single star obscured, bearing for its motto.. .that.. .sentiment dear to every true American heart Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!" The author of this statement was A) John C. Calhoun. B) John Tyler. C) Thomas Jefferson. D) Daniel Webster.
E) Robert Hayne.
Points Earned: 0.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D
The Massachusetts senator who in his "Second Reply to Hayne" defended the Constitution as a compact of the people that created a perpetual union was A) Daniel Webster. B) John Quincy Adams. C) Henry Clay. D) John C. Calhoun.
E) Thomas Hart Benton.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 14. Other than Jackson's personal popularity, the main campaign issue in the presidential election of 1832 was A) nullification. B) Jackson's Indian removal policy. C) the spoils system. D) Jackson's handling of foreign affairs.
E) the Bank of the United States.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E 15. Nicholas Biddle realized that he could use the Second National Bank as a A) rudimentary central bank. B) mechanism to undermine President Jackson. C) monopoly to enrich foreign investors. D) means to thwart the political ambitions of Henry Clay.
E) power base for his presidential hopes.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A
"The present corporate body.. .enjoys an exclusive privilege of banking under the authority of the general government, of its favor and support, and as a necessary consequence, almost a monopoly of the foreign and domestic exchange... .I cannot perceive the justice.. .of this course. If our government must sell monopolies.. .let them not be bestowed on the subjects of a foreign government nor upon a.. .favored class of men in our country." The author of the above was A) Nicholas Biddle. B) Alexander Dallas. C) Daniel Webster. D) Henry Clay.
E) Andrew Jackson.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E 20. Jackson's most powerful weapon against the Bank of the United States was the A) power to remove officers of the Bank. B) strong support which he received from his cabinet officers. C) ability to withdraw government revenues from the Bank. D) Specie Circular, which required the Bank to redeem its notes in gold.
E) loyal backing of prominent National Republicans such as Daniel Webster.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 21. Jackson's attitude toward nullification was to A) oppose it because John C. Calhoun supported it. B) support it because it was a southern doctrine and he was a southerner. C) oppose it because of his devotion to the Union. D) support it because it was advanced by his vice-president, John C. Calhoun.
E) oppose it as being divisive in practice, but support it as being correct in principle.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C
The conflict between Jackson and Calhoun was sharpened by their strong disagreement over the A) Peggy Eaton controversy. B) Maysville Road. C) Second National Bank. D) powers of Congress.
E) Webster-Hayne debate.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 23. Jackson vetoed the ________ bill because he opposed federal support for projects entirely within a single state. A) Second Bank of the United States B) Maysville Road C) Independent Treasury D) Old National Road
E) Charles River Bridge
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B 24. Jackson's policy toward the Native Americans was to A) ruthlessly destroy them. B) give them citizenship. C) respect their culture and traditional homelands. D) place them on reservations in each state.
E) remove them to lands west of the Mississippi.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E 25.
E) hated Native Americans and wanted to destroy them completely.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 29. South Carolina's challenge to the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 is called the A) Cotton Controversy. B) Tariff War. C) Abomination Crisis. D) Doerr War.
E) Nullification Crisis.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E 30. How did white Southerners react to northern criticisms of slavery? A) Whites in the new South of Mississippi and Alabama (outnumbered by slaves three to one) feared criticisms of slavery might lead to rebellion. B) A significant minority of pro-Unionist Southerners voiced similar criticisms. C) Most Southerners continued to view slaves as always docile, happy, and childlike. D) Radical South Carolinians were convinced that both the protective tariff and the agitation against slavery were examples of tyranny of the majority.
E) Many prominent southern church leaders began to make these same criticisms.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D 31. The Southern political thinker who most prominently justified Southern resistance to the Tariff of 1828 was A) John Tyler. B) John C. Calhoun. C) Andrew Jackson. D) Edmund Randolph.
E) Henry Clay.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B 32.
"This right of interposition.. .be it called.. .state-right, veto, nullification.. .I conceive to be the fundamental principle of our system.. .and.. .on its recognition depends the stability and safety of our political institutions." The arguments of this author were used to defend the action of A) South Carolina. B) New York. C) Mississippi. D) Massachusetts.
E) Georgia.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 33. The outcome of the nullification crisis convinced the radical South Carolina planters that A) Jackson could not be trusted to keep his promises. B) Calhoun was not firmly committed to nullification. C) nullification and secession could succeed only with the support of other states. D) the government of the United States was an absolute tyranny.
E) nullification was an erroneous doctrine.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): C 34. During 1835 and 1836, as a result of the creation of the "pet" banks, A) economic stability and prosperity resumed. B) the money supply shrank dramatically and plunged the country into a depression. C) the Bank of the United States retained all government deposits. D) the money supply increased rapidly and fueled wild speculation in land.
E) most state banks made it harder to get loans.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D 35. President Jackson issued the ________ in 1836 to require purchase of public land in gold or silver. A) Preemption Act B) Homestead Circular C) Public Domain Act D) Specie Circular
E) Hard Currency Order
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D 40. The Jacksonians who championed giving the small man his chance were the A) Locofocos. B) Know-Nothings. C) Barnburners. D) National Republicans.
E) Mugwumps.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 41. The new political coalition which emerged to challenge Democratic control in the 1830s was called the A) Federalists. B) Republicans. C) Bull Moose Party. D) Young America Movement.
E) Whigs.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): E 42. The unifying principle of the Whig party was A) support of Henry Clay as a political leader. B) opposition to "King Andrew" Jackson. C) desire to return to property qualifications for voting and holding office. D) support of the principles of the American Revolution.
E) rejection of strong government.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B 43. The Whig party's strategy in the election of 1836 was to A) run several candidates in the hope that the House of Representatives would decide the election. B) nominate Henry Clay because of his strong opposition to Jacksonian policies. C) boycott the electoral college and appeal to the voters. D) entice electors into voting for the Whig candidate by promising them political offices.
E) nominate William Henry Harrison because he could appeal to Jackson supporters.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): A 44. Martin Van Buren's response to the Panic of 1837 was to A) inflate the currency. B) reestablish the National Bank. C) push for federal funding of internal improvements in order to create jobs. D) reject government interference in the economy.
E) contract the currency.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): D 45. Martin Van Buren's chief goal as president was to A) end the Panic of 1837 by active government intervention in the economy. B) find an acceptable substitute for the state banks as a place to keep federal funds. C) negotiate a military alliance with England. D) increase the tariff in order to protect New England's "infant industries."
E) institute federal funding for a national transportation network.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B 46. President Van Buren attempted to "divorce" the government from all banking activities by the A) "pet" banks network. B) Independent Treasury Act. C) Specie Circular. D) Third National Bank.
E) Federal Safety Fund System.
Points Earned: 1.0/1. Correct Answer(s): B 47. In the election of 1840 the Whig's presidential nominee, who was a former military hero whose political opinions were largely unknown, was A) William Henry Harrison. B) Martin Van Buren. C) James K. Polk.
