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Range Safety OIC-RSO complete questions and answers actual exam AR385-63/MCO 3570.1 - establishes ranges safety policies and responsibilities for firing ammunition, lasers, guided, missiles, and rockets on Marine Corps and Army ranges. DA Pam 385-63 - provides implementation guidance for the Marine Corps Range Safety Program. SOP - each range or range complex will have its own standard operating procedure (SOP). The SOP for an installation will have installation -specific instructions for range safety. You must read the most current Sop for the range that you will be using. USMC Range Safety Pocket Guide - The USMC Range Safety Pocket Guide summarizes the policies and procedures needed to conduct a live-fire event. This document contains information on surface danger zones (SDZ) setup for weapon systems. The Pocket Guide also provides the OIC and RSO with a checklist that will assist them with their most common tasks SOUM - Safety Of Use Memorandums (SOUM) are how the Range and Training Area Management (RTAM) Branch provides range safety information and guidance to the Marine Corps Total Force. This guidance is directive until the SOUM is cancelled, changed or written into the Range Safety Order. RCO - Responsible for all range safety matters and provides coordination of ranges in the installation complex OIC - Responsible and accountable for conduct of the exercise and ensuring participants follow safety regulations RSO - Responsible for range safety for the exercise LRSO - Responsible for laser range safety for exercises involving lasers
Land - The land area of a range for live-fire and maneuver includes start and cease-fire lines, target areas, and impact areas. Airspace - refers to any one of several types of controlled and uncontrolled airspace required to support range operations. Airspace over a range may include restricted areas, warning areas, military operations, and air traffic controlled assigned airspace. Waterways - The range boundaries may include navigable inland waterways such as rivers or lakes. Sea space is the operating area necessary to contain live-fire and support ship to shore training. Dedicated impact areas - An impact area is a designated area within the limits of a range. Dedicated Impact Areas are associated with: - non-sensitive ammunition and explosives. Size of dedicated impact area - usually a large piece of land that several ranges fire into. What is a dedicated impact area reserved for - the impact and fragmentation of launched or fired ammunition and explosives Dedicated Impact area can contain what other impact area - high-hazard Impact Area - The purpose of an impact area is to contain all hazards associated with the ordnance being fired High-hazard impact - areas that are permanently designed to contain sensitive ammunition and explosives Why are high-hazard impact areas dangerous - they contain high explosives and sensitive unexploded ordinance
Installation Commander will coordinate w US Army Corps of Engineers and US Coast Guard to ensure proper notification of: - -waterways involved -operations to be conducted -Sector of waterway that must be restricted Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) - Issued by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), informs pilots and air traffic controllers about range activities that require civilian aircraft to avoid range and airspace. Notice to Mariners (NTM) - Issued by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) and contains navigation warnings that advise mariners of waterway/sea space restrictions during range exercises. purpose of a danger zone - to designate areas that protect personnel and property from dangers during training and, to the extent practicable, during combat design of the DZ is intended to - prevent injury to personnel or damage to property by identifying hazardous boundaries of ricochets and fragmentation associated with live fire training. surface danger zone (SDZ) - is the danger zone area for munitions fired from the ground. weapon danger zone (WDZ) - is the danger zone for air-delivered munitions laser surface danger zone (LSDZ) - is a specific type of danger zone when lasers are in use. Standard SDZ for small arms - cone and bat wing How are SDZs created - created from the "ballistic footprint" of a weapon system. Each weapon system's ballistic footprint is the firing pattern created when a weapon is tested, firing a certain ammunition at certain target media. The characteristics of the firing pattern are measured to create an SDZ.
Cone SDZ - is typically used when conducting training that does not involve fire and movement or fire and maneuver. Cone SDZ will contain - rounds, ricochets, fragments, and debris. The cone surface danger zone consists of - a dispersion area, a ricochet area, and an area "A". Distance X - is the maximum distance a projectile (including guided missiles and rockets) will travel when fired or launched at a given elevation with a given charge or propulsion system. The Dispersion Area - is the area that contains projectiles after making initial contact with the target medium. This is the area within the surface danger zone located between the gun target line (GTL) and the ricochet area. This area accounts for human error, gun or cannon tube wear, propellant temperature, etc. Ricochet Area - The area that contains projectiles after making initial contact with the target medium. The Ricochet Area for the cone SDZ is defined as an additional 5 degrees off the dispersion area line on the left and right sides. Area A - is the secondary danger area, or buffer zone, that laterally parallels the impact area or ricochet area depending on the weapon system. Area A contains fragments, debris, and components from frangible or explosive projectiles and warheads functioning on the right or left edge of the impact area or ricochet area. For non-explosive projectiles Area A is a standard 100m in width. For explosive projectiles, the width varies by weapon and munition. batwing SDZ - provides greater containment of ricochets When should the batwing SDZ be used - designing or conducting training that involves fire and movement, fire and maneuver, flanking fire, or when ricochet hazards outside the range complex boundary may endanger nonparticipating personnel.
Implement Controls - Administrative, Engineering, PPE Supervise Duties - •Monitoring the exercise for new hazards •Assigning observers to enforce established procedures and follow through with selected controls •Adjusting controls which are ineffective •Determining which controls were effective and ensuring they are implemented for future exercises Implement Controls - Implementing controls effectively requires clear communication, accountable personnel, and sufficient resources to implement the controls. As you take action to implement controls, consider the three types of controls. Make Risk Decision - As the OIC, you will develop control measures to reduce risks for each hazard. Develop control measures starting with those with the lowest RAC or highest Assess Hazards - For each hazard identified, you must determine the associated degree of risk in terms of severity and probability. Once probability and severity are established, hazards must also be categorized. The risk assessment categories are described in in MCO 3500.27. Use the Risk Assessment Matrix to determine the Risk Assessment Code (RAC). The RAC represents the overall risk of a hazard. You will determine the RAC for each hazard by using each hazard's severity and probability category. ID Hazards - Hazards during a range exercise can result from the weather conditions, terrain, types of weaponry, and ammunition used. The possible risks associated with hazards can range from low risk that personnel will injure themselves to high risk that personnel may lose their lives. Hazards can also be a threat to property and command interests. MCO P8020.10 - Establishes regulations for ammunition handling, accountability, and reporting
MCO P8020.10 has requirements for - -Transportation -Storage and handling -Security and accountability -Malfunction reporting MCO 8011.5 - provides additional safety program requiremetns for Class V(W) training ammunition. MCO 8011.5 provides - -Policies -Procedures -and other information for ammunition used in training Chapter 7 MCO P4400.150 - Consumer-Level Supply Policy Manual establishes policies to account for ammunition received, expended, and returned NAVMC 11381 Expenditure Report - Requisitioning Custody Tracking Expenditure Reporting Receipt of ammunition - NAVMC 11381 must reflect -DODIC -Nomenclature -Lot/Serial Number -Quantity Received Prior to range going live - you will report the exact type, DODIC, and quantity of ammunition on hand to Range Control.
NAVMC 10155 - Ammo Malfunction Data Collection Card provides a list of essential data elements UXO and Misfire Procedures - Order a cease fire and contact range control anytime someone experiences an ammo malfunction that presents a safety risk -Range control will provide you with direction to either continue the exercise or halt the exercise until the problem with the ammo can be resolved NAVMC 10155 Elements - What happened Date/time and weather considerations Ammo Specifics Ammo condition Weapon specifics Non-Explosive ammo misfire - when there is no immediate safety risk, follow the misfire procedures within the range SOP and the technical manuals for that weapon and ammunition. Enviromental Impact & OIC responsibilities - The officer in charge and the range safety officer are responsible for both protecting personnel from harm due to weather and ensuring the integrity of the safety controls. Additionally, they are also responsible for limiting the impact of personnel and equipment on the environment Environmental OIC/RSO must account for - The range SOP will explain the environmental issues that may impact your training exercise. The OIC and RSO must account for:
- Weather such as lightning, precipitation, and winds
- Fire conditions and the fire threat level
- Environmental surroundings and endangered species
Emergency Procedures Summary - 1. Call a cease-fire!
- Provide first aid and contact range control.
- Maintain contact with range control. MEDEVAC Proceudures - the OIC will inform range control of the:
- Type of MEDEVAC to request (air or ground)
- Number of patients and type of injury
- Location of the patients
- Possible hazards to aircraft or medical vehicles at the site
- Methods of marking the site if needed for pickup
- Source of injuries
- Patient's age, sex, blood type, name, grade, and SSN Range Warnings SOP - The SOP will explain:
- What signals are used for a specific range
- Where to place the signals Reason for Range Warnings - The correct placement of range warning signs and signals will limit the direction of firing and alert people to the risk of entering an impact area or range. Red Streamer - The red streamer (also called the red signal streamer) is used to warn people that they are entering a range area where a live-fire exercise is being conducted. The red streamer needs to be placed at range gates and other entrances. Red streamers can also be used on towers, flag poles, and other locations depending on the SOP for a particular range. Red Artillery Streamer - The red artillery streamer is much larger than the red streamer and is used for large exercises because it can be seen from farther distances. Red artillery streamers should be hung in prominent positions to warn people that they are entering a range area where a live-fire exercise is being conducted. Certain ranges require hanging a
