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RC Circuits and Capacitor Charging/Discharging: Theory and Demonstration, Slides of Electrical Engineering

Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical SciencesElectrical Engineering

An in-depth exploration of rc circuits, focusing on charging and discharging a capacitor. It includes formulas, demonstrations, and explanations of the behavior of capacitors. Additionally, it touches upon magnetic fields and bar magnets.

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 08/20/2013

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1
2/15/12 1
RC Circuits • Charging a capacitor:
C initially uncharged; connect
switch to a at t=0
Calculate current and charge
as function of time.
• Apply Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law:
2/15/12 2
Continued
Capacitive Time Constant: "
The greater the , the
greater the charging time.
Units of
:
ΩF=V
A
C
V
=C
C/s
=s
2/15/12 3
Charging a Capacitor
DEMO
Q=C
ε
(1−e−t/
τ
)
I=
ε
R
e−t/
τ
t=0
t=∞
t=
τ
t=0
t=∞
t=
τ
at!
at!
2/15/12 4
Charging a Capacitor DEMO
pf3

Partial preview of the text

Download RC Circuits and Capacitor Charging/Discharging: Theory and Demonstration and more Slides Electrical Engineering in PDF only on Docsity!

2/15/12 1

RC Circuits • Charging a capacitor:

C initially uncharged; connect switch to a at t = Calculate current and charge as function of time.

  • Apply Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law: 2/15/12 2

Continued

Capacitive Time Constant: "

The greater the , the greater the charging time. Units of  : ΩF =

V

A

C

V

C

C/s = s 2/15/12 3

Charging a Capacitor

DEMO

Q = C ε( 1 − e − t / τ ) I = ε R e − t / τ t = 0 t = ∞ t = τ t = 0 t = ∞ t = τ

at

at

2/15/12 4

Charging a Capacitor DEMO

2/15/12 5

RC Circuits

IR +

Q

C

R

dQ

dt

Q

C

  • Discharging a capacitor:
  • C initially charged with Q = C "
  • Connect switch S 2 at t =0. 2/15/12 6

Solution

R

dQ

dt

Q

C

dq

q

dt

0^ RC

t

C ε Q

2/15/12 7

Discharging a Capacitor

DEMO

t = 0

t = ∞

t = τ

t = 0

t = ∞

t = τ

at

at

Q = C ε e

− (^) RtC

I =

R

e

− (^) RtC 2/15/12 8

Behavior of Capacitors

  • Charging
    • Initially, the capacitor behaves like a wire.
    • After a long time, the capacitor behaves like an open switch in terms of current flow.
  • Discharging
    • Initially, the capacitor behaves like a variable battery.
    • After a long time, the capacitor behaves like an open switch