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RC EMR - CH14 Poisoning With Coplete Solutions
Poison Substance causing injury or death through chemicals.
Routes of Poison Entry Four ways poisons enter the body: ingestion, inhalation, absorption, injection.
Ingested Poisons Swallowed substances entering via the digestive system.
Inhaled Poisons Toxic gases or fumes breathed into the lungs.
Absorbed Poisons Substances entering through skin or mucous membranes.
Injected Poisons Substances entering via bites, stings, or syringes.
Common Inhaled Poison Hydrogen sulfide from organic decomposition.
Examples of Ingested Poisons Toxic mushrooms, contaminated shellfish, household cleaners.
Examples of Absorbed Poisons Poison ivy, giant hogweed, cocaine.
Signs of Poisoning Sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chest pain.
Poison Control Centres Facilities aiding in management of poisonings.
Initial Treatment Questions Type, contamination method, time, quantity of poison.
General Care Guidelines Limit exposure, follow Poison Control Centre instructions.
Inducing Vomiting Follow Poison Control Centre's guidance and criteria.
Activated Charcoal Used to neutralize poisons in the stomach.
Dilution of Poisons Giving water to decrease tissue damage.
Signs of Poisoning Severity Depends on substance type, amount, entry route.
Signs of Ingested Poisoning Symptoms include abdominal cramps, vomiting, diarrhea.
Signs of Inhaled Poisoning Symptoms include respiratory distress and dizziness.
Food Poisoning Illness from contaminated food or toxins.
Carbon Monoxide (CO) Odourless gas causing accidental poisoning.
CO Poisoning Symptoms Headaches, dizziness, confusion, and weakness.
Urushiol Oil causing skin irritation from certain plants.
Rash-Causing Plants Plants like poison ivy causing skin reactions.
Giant Hogweed Plant causing severe skin reactions to sunlight.
Wild Parsnip Plant causing photosensitivity and skin inflammation.
Chemical Burns Skin damage from exposure to corrosive substances.
Respiratory Distress Difficulty breathing due to inhaled toxins.
Cyanosis Bluish discoloration of skin indicating hypoxia.
Seizures Neurological episodes often linked to poisoning.
Tachycardia Rapid heart rate, possible sign of poisoning.
Low Blood Pressure Can occur in severe poisoning cases.
Vomiting Common symptom of ingested poisoning.
Dizziness Feeling lightheaded, often linked to poisoning.
Respiratory Arrest Complete cessation of breathing, emergency condition.
Embedded Stinger Stinger left in skin after an insect sting.
Venom Sac Part of stinger that can inject toxins.
Stinger Removal Do not use forceps; can inject more venom.
Giant Hogweed Sap Protect from sunlight; see a physician.
Cold Pack Application Wrap in towel; reduces pain and swelling.
Allergic Reaction Monitoring Watch for symptoms; treat anaphylaxis if needed.
Eye Exposure to Sap Rinse for 15 minutes; rapid transport required.
Cimex lectularius Common bedbug causing skin irritation.
Insect Stings Painful but rarely fatal; watch for anaphylaxis.
Black Widow Spider Identified by hourglass shape; causes severe pain.
Brown Recluse Spider Violin marking; bite leads to tissue damage.
Non-Venomous Spider Bite Treatment Wash wound; apply cold pack.
Signs of Black Widow Bite Sharp pain, cramping, restlessness, dizziness.
Signs of Brown Recluse Bite Blood-filled blister, bull's-eye pattern, tissue necrosis.
Do not apply ice or cut the wound.
Signs of Severe Reaction Nausea, vomiting, joint pain after brown recluse bite.
Cold Pack Usage Place gauze between skin and cold source.
Insect Decontamination Follow procedures to prevent home infestation.
Spider Bite Symptoms Pain, swelling, and systemic reactions may occur.
Antivenins Available for specific venomous species.
Signs of Anaphylaxis Immediate life-threatening reaction to stings.
Marine Creature Wound Care Specific interventions depend on the creature.
Transport for Snakebite Victims Rapid transport crucial; consider air evacuation.
Cutting the wound Can worsen injury; ineffective for venom removal.
Tourniquet Restricts blood flow; risks extremity loss.
Flush the wound Use sterile saline or water to clean.
Immobilize Keep injured area still to prevent further harm.
Hot water soak Soak for 30 minutes to relieve pain.
Lyme disease Bacterial illness transmitted by black-legged ticks.
Lyme disease rash Bull's-eye pattern; spreads up to 18 cm.
Tick attachment time Ticks must attach over 24 hours to transmit.
Black-legged tick Commonly carries Lyme disease; very small.
Lyme disease symptoms Fever, headache, weakness, joint pain.
Advanced Lyme disease Can cause neurological issues and heart irregularities.
Antibiotics for Lyme
Most effective when administered early.
Drug Substance affecting body function.
Medication Drug used to treat or prevent disease.
Substance misuse Using substances beyond intended purposes.
Overdose Excessive substance intake causing toxicity.
Withdrawal Symptoms after stopping substance use.
Substance abuse Intentional misuse leading to harmful effects.
Hallucinogens Substances that alter perception and cause hallucinations.
Cocaine Powerful stimulant that can be injected or snorted.
Crack Purer cocaine form, inhaled for rapid effects.
Caffeine Common legal stimulant found in beverages and pills.
Nicotine Stimulant found in tobacco products, highly addictive.
Designer Drugs Chemical variations designed to evade drug laws.
Amphetamines Stimulants used medically and recreationally for alertness.
Opioids Depressants that include morphine, heroin, and fentanyl.
Naloxone Drug that reverses opioid overdose effects quickly.
Alcohol Common depressant with potential for dependence and overdose.
Inhalants Common products inhaled for mind-altering effects.
Brachycardia Slow heart rate associated with depressant effects.
Tolerance Decreased response to a substance after repeated use.
Withdrawal Symptoms
Euphoria Pleasant feeling sought through substance abuse.
High Blood Pressure Potential effect of stimulant misuse on the body.
