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Infection Prevention and Control: A Guide to Common Pathogens and Their Transmission, Exams of Medical Sciences

A basic overview of infection prevention and control, focusing on common pathogens, their transmission methods, and basic infection control precautions. It covers topics such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and parasitic worms, and discusses the body's natural defenses against infection. The document also includes information on specific infectious diseases like hepatitis, hiv/aids, tuberculosis, meningitis, and mrsa, providing brief descriptions of their causes, symptoms, and transmission routes. It concludes with a section on basic infection control precautions, emphasizing the importance of personal protective equipment (ppe), hand hygiene, and proper cleaning and disinfection.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/19/2025

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RC EMR - CH3 Infection Prevention and Control
With Verified Solutions
when does the desease process begin?
when pathogens enter the body
what are the most common pathogens?
bacteria and viruses
bacteria is:
a single celled micro organism
types of bacterial caused conditions:
1. tetanus
2. meningitis
3. strep throat
4. tuberculosis
5. gonorrhea
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa

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RC EMR - CH3 Infection Prevention and Control

With Verified Solutions

when does the desease process begin? when pathogens enter the body

what are the most common pathogens?bacteria and viruses

bacteria is: a single celled micro organism

types of bacterial caused conditions:1. tetanus

  1. meningitis
  2. strep throat
  3. tuberculosis
  4. gonorrhea
  1. syphilis

unlike bacteria, this pathogen depends on organisms to live: viruses

Types of viruses1. hepatitis

  1. shingles
  2. AIDS

This organism is single celled or multicellular fungi

what is protozoa?single celled organism like: Malaria

what is Rickettsia?

common signs and symptoms that the bodie is fighting off an infection.

  1. headaches2. fever
  2. exhaustion4. nausea
  3. vomiting

The four ways pathogens enter the body

  1. direct contact
  2. indirect contact
  3. airborne
  4. vector borne

(pathogens) Direct contact when a person touches fluid from an infected person

(pathogens) indirect contactwhen a person touches objects that have bodily fluid on them

(pathogens) Airborne occurs when a person breathes airborne droplets after a cough or sneeze.

(pathogens) Vector Borne animal or insect bite (also human)

(table) examples of infectious diseases

Hepititis is an infection of the: liver

Hepatitis a1. inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV),

  1. usually transmitted orally through fecal contamination of food or water

HAV can be prevented by:2 vaccines 6 months a part and hygenic habits

Hepatitis b

How do you get HIV/AIDS? what does it do? what are some symptoms?the virus that causes AIDS, spread through bodily fluids rather than casual contact or airborne. attacks whiteblood cells symptoms: fever, fatigue, swollen lymph glands, night sweats, significant weight loss,skin rashes

Turbuculosis (TB) bacterium that attacks the lungs but can also effect: brain,kidneys, or spine transmission through the air symptoms: coughing lasting longer than 3 weeks, pain in chest, loss of appetites,weakness or fatigue, fever and chills.

Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) Form of tuberculosis that is resistant to current drug therapy. come from areas of the world that MDR-TB is prevalent

Meningitis what are some symptoms? inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord caused by bateria and some viruses symptoms: stiff neck, high fever, vomiting, sensitivity to light suspicion of bacterial menigitus is a medical emergency

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) what is it? is resistant to what? where is it found?1. A bacterium that causes infections in different parts of the body

  1. is often resistant to commonly used antibiotics; 3.a) skin, b) in surgical wounds,

Caused by Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Common to SARS Severe acute respiratory syndrome no cases in canada

InfluenzaA respiratory tract infection caused by influenza virus A and B

what are examples of the most common vaccinations

  1. DPT (diphtheria, pertusis, tetanus)
  2. polio
  3. hepatitis B
  4. MMR (measles, mumps, rubella)
  5. influenza
  6. chicken pox

what are the basic infection control precausions

  1. wear PPE
  1. Practice good hygien
  2. cleaning and disinfecting equipment
  3. follow workplace procedures

when removing ppe follow these steps:

  1. remove gloves
  2. remove gown
  3. wash hands
  4. remove eyewear
  5. remove mask
  6. wash hands