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RCP 170 NEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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Which of the following stages are associated with fetal lung development? Alveolar, Canalicular, Saccular
The developing air-blood barrier is thin, yet can support gas exchange near the end of this stage. What is the stage of fetal lung development? Canalicular
The goblet cells appear on the bronchial epithelium in which of the five stages of fetal lung development? Pseudoglandular
The initial lung bud emerges from which of the following anatomical structures? Pharynx
Name the vessel in which the oxygenated blood leaves the placenta to be delivered to the fetus the umbilical vein
Which of the following anatomic structures is (are) fetal shunt(s) in the fetal circulation? foramen ovale, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus
Which of the following major organ(s) is considered to be the first to form? heart
What are the major functions of the placenta? Gas exchange for the fetus Nutrient delivery Waste removal
At what gestational week is the diaphragm fully developed 7th week
What is the function of the fluid produced by Type II alveolar pneumocyte cells? To decrease surface tension
Which of the following are stages of human lung development? Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, Alveloar, Canalicular
The bronchial tree is formed at what gestational stage of lung development? Pseudoglandular
Thee alveolar epithelial lining undergoes cell division into Type I and Type II pneumocytes. Which of the following correctly describe the pneumocytes?
What are the minimal developmental features required for an immature human fetus to survive outside the uterus? Sufficient alveolar snd vascular surafce are for gas exchange, near completion of the canalicular phase, 22-24 weeks of gestation
Which one of the following events leads to cessation of right to left shunt through the foramen ovale? increased systemic vascular resistance (the blood vessels throughout your body have become narrower or tighter and it is harder for blood to flow through them. This is like trying to push water through a narrow pipe instead of a wide one)
Which of the following routes correctly traces the path of oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus? Umbilical vein, ductus venosus, right atrium, forman ovale, left atrium, aorta, umbilical arteries
During routine visits to her obstetrician, a pregnant woman's fetal heart rate (FHR) was near 140 bpm; however as she neared delivery the FHR dropped to approximately 120 bpm. What course of action should be taken? Nothing - normal response
Fetal scalp PH was measured and the result was 7.22. This result indicates? slight asphyxia (having a little bit of trouble getting enough oxygen)
Sympathomimetic drugs such as ridodrine, salbutamol, and terbutaline are given to a pregnant women to?
stop contractions
A fetus has aspirated meconium into the trachea and airways. This condition is referred to as? meconium aspiration syndrome
Which type of deceleration would result from the umbilical cord being wrapped around the infants neck? Type III
A pregnant women is being seen at her physicians office for a mid trimester amniocentesis. At what stage of the pregnancy is this women? second or third trimester
The acronym EDC stands for estimated date of confinement (expected due date for a baby's birth)
A biophysical profile includes results from which of the following tests?
clear airway with bulb suction of needed
This stage of fetal lung development can support gas exchange near the end of this stage Canalicular
Low amniotic fluid causes hyploplastic lungs Oligohydraminos
Surfactant is produced by Type I pneumocyte false
The diaphragm is developed in what stage? Embryonal
Type II pneumocytes are present in this stage Canalicular
300 million alveoli are present at 1.5 years (18 months)
50 million alveoli are present at birth
failure to produce fetal lung liquid will contribute to Underdeveloped lung tissue, alveoli, and capilllaries lung hypoplasia
The trachea and major bronchi emerges from the? pharynx
The primary germ layer that gives rise to Respiratory endothelium Endoderm
Which of the following embryonic germ layers gives formation to the respiratory system? Mesoderm
Fetal circulation. Third anatomical shunt located in the aori=tic arch diverts blood away from the lungs
Flows through subclavian artery Blood that is oxygen rich is sent to the right side Blood that is oxygen rich is sent to the brain
The diaphragm is developed in what stage? Embryonal
Type II pneumocytes (surfactant producing cells) are present in this stage Canalicular
Pre-ductal SpO2% is measured where because _______? on the right hand; the highest O2 in the blood on the left hand; is a venous admixture of O
Which of the following are stages associated with fetal lung development, EXCEPT Chorionic
The developing vessels are thinning and are closer to the type I pneumocytes to support gas exchange. What is this stage of fetal lung development? Canalicular
The mucociliary escalator is developing during this stage. Which of the five stages of fetal lung development is this? Pseudoglandular
By what approximate age do most of the alveoli that will be present in the lungs for life develop as it relates to postnatal lung growth
1.5 years (18 month) 3 years
We have a professional solution for this problem! The original bud of the lung arises as an outgrowth from which one of the following structures pharynx
A fetus is considered viale between what gestational range, in weeks, according to our textbook, Walsh, B 22-
What is the name of the vessel through which oxygenated blood departs the placenta, en route to the fetus? The umbilical vein
Which one or more of the following is/are fetal shunts foramen ovale ductus venosus ductus arteriosus
Which of the following organ(s) is considered to be first to form? heart
What are the primary functions of the placenta?
What gestational week is the diaphragm completely developed 7th week
A pregnant woman has been diagnosed with pregestational diabetes. Of which of the following adverse fetal outcomes should the therapist be aware at the time of delivery? A&P Cardiovascular system malformations
The respiratory therapist is attending a term labor of a woman diagnosed with gestational diabetes. The baby is very large for gestational age. What metabolic disturbances should be considered? Hypocalcemia Hyperkalemia Hypoglycemia
Which of the following microorganisms most commonly affect pregnancy outcome? Group B Streptococcus
What is generally accepted as a safe limit for alcohol consumption during pregnancy to avoid the development of fetal alcohol syndrome? No amount of alcohol can be considered safe to consume at any time during pregnancy.
A woman who has been a heavy smoker for most of her life is well into the third trimester of her pregnancy. She is at highest risk for which of the following? Premature rupture of membranes Placental abruption Placenta previa
What is the primary potential complication associated with premature rupture of membranes? Fetal infection
Which of the following conditions is accountable for up to 40% of the preterm births in the United States? Premature rupture of the fetal membranes
A pregnant woman at 30 weeks of gestation with premature rupture of membranes has been admitted to the hospital with preterm labor. The physician has ordered betamethasone. When does the maximal benefit of antenatal corticosteroid occur to reduce RDS? After 48 hours
Which of the following conditions is a significant problem in postterm pregnancy? Macrosomia Meconium Aspiration Maternal dystocia prolonged labor
A woman 41 weeks pregnant is at high risk for complication in the postpartum period. Which of the following agents will be more appropriate to induce labor? Oxytocin
Which of the following procedures performed after the 16th week of pregnancy uses ultrasound guidance and a needle to to collect fluid to assess for chromosomal abnormalities? Amniocentesis
Once preterm labor is diagnosed, which of the following medications should be considered as tocolytic? Magnesium sulfate β-Mimetic agents (Terbutaline)
Suction with a bulb syringe Do not suction excessively from the nasopharynx if the fluid is clear Use a suction catheter clearing the mouth first then the nose.
As the head of a neonate contaminated with meconium emerges at birth, the heart rate monitor reads 120 beats per minute, and the physician notes that the infant has good muscle tone and a vigorous respiratory effort. What should the physician do at this time to provide airway care? Routine monitoring of respiratory rate, heart rate, and response to stimulation is all that is required at this time.
We have a professional solution for this problem! A newborn does not seem to be responding to the extrauterine environment. The cry and respiratory effort are also poor. Which of the following techniques should the therapist employ to stimulate the newborn? Gently rubbing the back
The therapist has performed a 1-minute Apgar score. The following assessments were made. (1) The infant is pale. (2) The heart rate is 90 beats per minute. (3) The respiratory effort is irregular. (4) Some muscle tone is noted. (5) No response to nasal suctioning is found. Based on these findings, what Apgar score should be assigned to this neonate?
- The respiratory effort is irregular
Which of the following parameters of the Apgar score provides the most important prognostic value?
Heart rate
Which of the following factors are taken into consideration when assessing the gestational age of a neonate? Prenatal ultrasound studies Postnatal physical and neurologic findings Gestational age by history of last menopause Sternocleidomastoid tumor of infancy Craniosynostosis Congenital muscular torticollis A newborn physical exam is being conducted by the therapist and she observes that this infant does not have symmetrical movement of his arms. Which scenario could explain this issue? The infant may have experienced an injury to his brachial plexus during delivery.
The therapist observes that an infant exhibits irregular areas of dusky skin alternating with areas of mottling and pale skin. Based on this observation, which of the following conditions should the therapist expect this patient to have? Hypotension
Why do chest retractions appear more pronounced in neonates compared to older children and adults? Due to the fact that newborns have relatively thin and weak musculature and a less rigid thorax
A physical therapist is performing a physical examination on a newborn infant. The point of maximal cardiac impulse is noted to be to the left of the sternal border. Which of the following can cause this situation? Right-sided pneumothorax
We have an expert-written solution to this problem! While auscultating a young child's thorax, the therapist hears bilateral fine crackles. Which of the following conditions can produce these adventitious sounds? Pulmonary edema
Which of the following white blood cell counts is considered leukopenia? ≤ 3500/mm^
Which of the following parts of the patient's history is designed to elicit symptoms not uncovered in the history of present illness that may be related or contribute to the child's underlying disease? Review of systems
In what order is the pulmonary examination performed? Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
Chest configuration with a sunken chest (sternum) is known as? pectus excavatum
A high-pitched, monophonic, audible noise that may occur during inspiration or expiration or may be biphasic? Stridor
An infant is born in apnea of unknown duration. The best course of action would be to initiate resuscitative efforts immediately
Which of the following is correct regarding umbilical vessels?
The cord contains 2 arteries and 1 vein
The 5-minute Apgar score is predictive of which of the following? future impairment
A neonate is being evaluated after being warmed, dried, and having his/her airways opened. The heart rate is determined to be 85 bpm. What action should be taken? Initiate positive-pressure ventilation (PPV)
In preparing for resuscitation, anticipation of a high-risk delivery requires continuous monitoring during labor and delivery
Apgar scores can be performed every 5 minutes up to 20 minutes
Brown fat stores in the fetus accumulate in the last trimester alone ~ The rate of glucose uptake by the fetus thru placenta is directly related to maternal blood glucose level ~ Hypoglycemia in an infant of a diabetic mom results due to hyperinsulinism ~ The most essential measure to resuscitate a new-born is to
