Download RCS CCI Pt 1 Questions Exam With 100% Correct Answers 2024/25 and more Exams Cardiology in PDF only on Docsity!
RCS CCI Pt 1 Questions Exam With
100% Correct Answers 2024/
The right coronary artery supplies which of the following with blood? - Correct Answer- interatrial septum 3 segments to the RV of the free wall - Correct Answer-anterior lateral inferior Which segment of the RV wall is seen on the subcostal 4 ch view? - Correct Answer- inferior Which segment of the RV is seen on the Ap 4 ch view? - Correct Answer-lateral Which wall segments of the RV is on the Parasternal RVIT? - Correct Answer-anterior and inferior Which wall segments of the RV are seen in PSAX? - Correct Answer-lateral anterior inferior Central venous pressure refers to pressure in the _______. - Correct Answer-IVC near the junction with atrium What is Lambl's excrescence? - Correct Answer-These tiny fibrous strands most commonly form on the aortic valve and lead to an increased risk for an embolic event. They can be mistaken for a vegetation and should be correlated with clinical findings. The left anterior descending artery is a branch of the _______ and the posterior descending artery is a branch of _______. - Correct Answer-left main coronary artery right coronary artery What normally occurs just prior to the atrial contraction on the EKG? - Correct Answer-P wave _________ begins when the MV closes and ends when the AV opens. _______ begins when the AV closes and ends when the MV opens. - Correct Answer-Isovolumic Contractions Period isovolumic Relaxation Period Pericardial fluid is normally _______ that is secreted by _______. - Correct Answer- serous infection
the visceral pericardium
- the cause of the fluid accumulation can cause changes to the fluid. Fibrin strands and debris within the fluid are commonly associated with an infection How are the the RV walls described? - Correct Answer-The RV walls are described as trabeculated with a "bumpy" contour. The other statements describe the LV The _________ is a muscular band that stretches from the ventricular septum to the right ventricular free wall near apex. - Correct Answer-moderator band The majority of right atrial filling occurs during what phase of respiration? - Correct Answer-inspiration *inspiration drops the pressure in the chest allowing an increase from the vena cava into the RA Which heart sound marks the start of systole? - Correct Answer-S *S1 represents the atrioventricular valves closing and the start of the QRS wave on the EKG On an EKG, when does ventricular diastole take place? - Correct Answer-Ventricular and diastole occurs from the end of the T wave to the onset of the QRS wave Right dominant coronary circulation indicates: - Correct Answer-the posterior descending artery originates from the right coronary artery What is the primary benefit of speckle tracking strain? - Correct Answer-allows detection of early LV systolic dysfunction The primitive heart tube is formed by day ________ of gestational age. - Correct Answer-23 and the heart is completely formed by 6 weeks gestational age Why does the foramen ovale close in most babies after birth? - Correct Answer-due to the pressure in the LA holding the flap of tissue closed over the opening Where is the basal segments located? - Correct Answer-between the AV groove and the tip of the papillary muscle Where are the apical segments located? - Correct Answer-between the base of the papillary muscles to the apex Which cardiac wall segment is fed by the left anterior descending coronary artery? - Correct Answer-anterior wall
The largest antegrade flow component seen on Doppler tracing of a normal hepatic vein is identified during what part of the cardiac cycle? - Correct Answer-early systole *the blood volume in the RA is the lowest in early systole which allows the greatest volume of antegrade flow into the chamber from the IVC & hepatic veins The RVSP measurement estimates the ________. - Correct Answer-pulmonary artery pressure *to diagnose HTN Where are the leaflets of the TV viewed in different views? - Correct Answer-anterior & septal leaflets are identified on the Ap 4 Ch and PSAX anterior & posterior leaflets are seen on the PLAX RVIT view When you're evaluating cardiac situs on an echo, which chamber demonstrates trabeculated endocardial borders with a muscular band near the apex? - Correct Answer-RV *The RV walls are described as trabeculated w/ a "bumpy" contour In PLAX, the coronary sinus located _______ to the _______. - Correct Answer-anterior descending aorta The IVRT begins after the ______ on the EKG and IVCT begins after the ______ on the EKG. - Correct Answer-T wave R wave A 50 year old male presents with a intermittent non-specific chest pain. The EF is 40%. the E/A Ratio is 2.2. What grade of diastolic dysfunction does he have? if any? - Correct Answer-Grade III What part of the EKG correlates with ventricular systole? - Correct Answer-from the start of the QRS wave to the end of the T wave *systole is defined as from MV closure to Aortic valve closure. It starts at the QRS wave and ends after the T wave. The IVCT begins when the MV closes and it is followed by the ejection period. When the Ao Valve closes, the IVRT begins systole. What vessel has the lowest oxygen saturation level? - Correct Answer-IVC Pre-load refers to - Correct Answer-amount of blood entering the heart After-load refers to - Correct Answer-amount of resistance as the heart ejects blood what is a sonographic marker used to differentiate the RV and the LV? - Correct Answer-the moderator band During embryologic development of the heart ________ pairs of aortic arches form - Correct Answer- 6
What portion of the aorta is located from the valve annulus to the first branch? - Correct Answer-ascending What empties into the LA? - Correct Answer-pulmonary veins *the hepatic veins join the IVC just inferior to its entrance into the RA. The SVC enters the superior posterior aspect of the RA. The pulmonary veins enter the LA The early heart tube normally - Correct Answer-anterior and to the right *abnormalities in looping can result in defects such as transposition of the great arteries and arch sidedness An increase in pre-load will cause the heart to - Correct Answer-increase contractibility *pumps harder to eject the extra blood During embryologic development of the heart, 6 pairs of aortic arches form and atrophy or evolve into different structures. Which one forms the aortic arch? - Correct Answer- 4th left Blood flow volume changes in the body are mainly controlled by what 2 factors? - Correct Answer-cardiac function and peripheral resistance Atrial depolarization is represented by what part of the EKG tracing? - Correct Answer-P wave Which TV leaflets are evaluated in the PLAX of the RV? - Correct Answer-inferior posterior What facilitates the contraction of the atrial appendages? - Correct Answer-pectinate muscle in the walls of the appendages ________ causes deformation of the pulmonary valve leading to the display of an "a" wave on the m-mode tracing. - Correct Answer-right atrial contraction The right coronary artery supplies which of the following with blood? - Correct Answer- interatrial septum As a patient ages, what normally happens to the pulmonary venous flow? - Correct Answer-The S/D ratio from the pulmonary doppler increases. This indicates the systolic component increases while the diastolic component remains constant or decreases. Left ventricular pressure is lowest during - Correct Answer-onset of diastole When evaluating an adult with suspected congenital heart disease, how do you identify the LV? - Correct Answer-find the chamber attached to the MV
What is being measured by the cursors - Correct Answer- Which valve is normally positioned most anterior within the heart/chest? - Correct Answer-pulmonary valve Systole is defined as - Correct Answer-from the MV closure to AV closure As the patient ages, the delay between electrical stimulus and mechanical systole will __________. - Correct Answer-will increase significantly Where is the oblique sinus? - Correct Answer-Posterior to the left atrium; Anterior to esophagus Which coronary artery supplies the posteromedial papillary muscle? - Correct Answer- right coronary artery What demonstrates the RV? - Correct Answer-3 papillary muscles and some chordae will connect directly to the ventricular wall Which of the AoV leaflets is closest to the interatrial septum? - Correct Answer-non coronary cusp Which of the following is not a normal change in the left ventricular inflow seen in patient over 60yrs of age? A) E/A ratio over 2. B) prolongation in the rate of early-diastolic deceleration C) there is a gradual reduction in E velocity D) increase in the A velocity - Correct Answer-A All of the following features can be used to differentiate the RV from the LV, except: A) septal chordae attachments in the RV only B) presence of the moderator band C) rounded apex D) presence of 3 papillary - Correct Answer-C The _____________ represents atrial systole on the Doppler tracing of the pulmonary vein - Correct Answer-A wave The normal R-R interval is - Correct Answer-0.6-1.0 sec = 60 to 100 bpm What is the normal average normal aortic valve area? - Correct Answer- 3 - 4cm^ Which of the following statements best describes how starling's law applies to the heart? A) an increase in heart rate or stroke volume will cause an increase in cardiac output
B) blood flow moves in layers with the highest velocity layer in the center of the vessel C) as venous return increases, stroke volume will increase D) small changes in vessel radius will cause significant changes in the resistance to flow - Correct Answer-C The Isovolumic Contraction Period: - Correct Answer-occurs after the R wave on the EKG An optical LVOT tracing will demonstrate - Correct Answer-a clear spectral window and the closing click of the aortic valve At what point in the cardiac cycle is the LA at its greatest dimension? - Correct Answer- end systole Which of the following is true about the LV? A) has a false tendon B) inflow valve has three leaflets C) connected to the main pulmonary artery D) coarse apical trabeculation - Correct Answer-A Which valve is positioned most inferior in the heart? - Correct Answer-tricuspid valve What correctly describes the difference between the eustachian valve and the chiari network? - Correct Answer-Chiari network is much thinner, delicate and mobile than the eustachian valve What is stroke volume influenced by? - Correct Answer-preload, afterload, and myocardial contractibility Normal fractional shortening of the left ventricle is ____________. Normal ejection fraction of the LV is _________. - Correct Answer->25% ; >55% The pericardial space around the heart is found between what 2 layers of the cardiac wall? - Correct Answer-epicardium, parietal pericardium Rapid filling phase - Correct Answer-occurs when atrial pressure increases, the MV opens and blood is pulled into the LV due to the rapidly relaxing ventricle While performing an echo you identify a vessel that courses superiorly through the abdomen on the right side of the aorta and demonstrates a triphasic doppler waveform. What is this? - Correct Answer-IVC The functional left ventricular outflow tract is defined as: - Correct Answer-the area between the ventricular septum to the anterior aortic annulus and the anterior MV leaflet to the posterior aortic annulus
In most patients, the posterior descending coronary artery originates from the ____________. - Correct Answer-right coronary artery How many segments is the LV divided into when assessing wall motion at the basal level? - Correct Answer- 6 The IVS is normally seen with a mild bowing ___________. - Correct Answer-toward the RV The basal area of the LV refers to the LV at the level of __________. - Correct Answer- MV On an EKG, when does ventricular diastole take place? - Correct Answer-from the end of the T wave to the onset of the QRS wave Which of the following meneuvers will cause a decrease in venous blood flow return to the heart? - Correct Answer-getting out of bed and standing up What is the correct order of branches that originate from the aortic arch? - Correct Answer-innominate left carotid left subclavian What is the usually the appearance of the RV? - Correct Answer-it is pyramidal shape and has three regions: inlet, trabecular, and outlet. It is heavily trabeculated and has a moderator band A normal doppler tracing from the LVOT will demonstrate: - Correct Answer-a steep acceleration slope and a less steep deceleration slope When evaluating an adult with suspected congenital heart disease, how do you identify the LA? - Correct Answer-locate the left atrial appendage Which of the following statements is false regarding the diastasis phase of the cardiac cycle? - Correct Answer-the dicrotic notch The lowest oxygen saturation levels in the heart are found in the: - Correct Answer- coronary sinus __________ and ___________ arteries are direct branches of the left main coronary artery. - Correct Answer-Left anterior descending and left circumflex The incisura portion of the aortic pressure wave occurs _______________. - Correct Answer-immediately after the AV closes
When congenital heart disease is suspected in an adult, how do you differentiate the aorta from the pulmonary artery? - Correct Answer-The PA bifurcates and the aorta gives rise to 3 branches What coronary artery courses through the anterior interventricular groove? - Correct Answer-left anterior descending artery The aortic isthmus refers to : - Correct Answer-the segment between the origin of left subclavian and the ligamentum arteriosus What fetal structure allows blood flow shunting between the pulmonary artery and aorta? - Correct Answer-ductus arteriosus How does Doppler evaluation demonstrate that the pulmonary vascular resistance is normally lower than resistance in the systemic vascular system? - Correct Answer-the flow through aortic valve reaches a peak velocity faster than the flow through the pulmonary valve A patient presents for an echo due to a history of hypereosinophilia. Which of the following is an expected findngs on the exam? - Correct Answer-endocardial thickening of the right and left inflow tracts The pulmonary artery flow normally demonstrates a __________ due to __________ to flow when compared to the aortic flow. - Correct Answer-longer acceleration time; lower resistance The pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is considered normal if it is less than __________. - Correct Answer-10 mmHg What is the average normal MV area? - Correct Answer-5 cm^ MVA range - 4 - 6cm^ The normal range for cardiac stroke volume is : - Correct Answer- 70 - 100cc TV flow normally __________ with inpiration. - Correct Answer-increases slightly The duration of the normal QRS complex is: - Correct Answer-<0.12sec
