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A unit planning guide for teaching students about text structures in both fiction and nonfiction. The guide includes learning objectives, standards, vocabulary, and lesson plans for various text structures such as problem-solution, cause and effect, compare and contrast, and sequencing. The goal is to help students comprehend texts by identifying and analyzing text structures.
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Text Structures Unit Planning Guide Unit Title: Text Structures Goal: Readers compare how different text structures contribute to meaning and impact the reader. Focused Subject Areas: ELA Grade: 5 Created By: Nicole Gardin and Amy Hughes Enduring Understandings: The understanding of text structures and their uses aids in reading comprehension. Essential Questions: How do various text structures aid in comprehension? Duration: 21 days Stage 1 What do we want students know? *I can analyze how the story elements develop and interact within text. *I can demonstrate an understanding of the importance of story elements. *I can apply a knowledge of text features in various text structures for fiction and nonfiction. Factual Knowledge Students will know:
11.1 Explain how the author’s choice of the point of view of a narrator or character impacts content, meaning, and how events are described. 2.1 Analyze ideas, perspectives and information using examples and supporting evidence related to the topic. Stage 2 How will we know that students understand what has been taught and what should they be able to do? *Daily Assessments *Create Common Assessments *Determine expectations and levels of proficiency Projects, Research, etc. Unit Pre-Assessment:
Vocabulary: Cause / Effect Problem and Solution in nonfiction Compare and contrast Sequencing Description Day 13: Standard: SCCCRS RL 10. Vocabulary: Day 14: Standard: SCCCRS RI 11. Vocabulary: Day 15: Standard: SCCCRS RI 11. Vocabulary: Lesson: Assessment Use this day to assess the skills taught thus far. Lesson: Text Structures of Informational Text Introduce these text structures using an anchor chart.
1. Sequencing / Chronological Structure-- Use the train image with its sequenced beginning, middle, and end to show a series of events that happen over time. If the sequence includes numerous steps, use this longer train image. (This text structure could also be applied to literature specifically using the image of the train climbing the mountain to symbolize the chronology of plot development.) Access all versions of the matching Figure 19 Chronological Structure Plot Map. Fine-tune students' ability to retell the sequence of a text. This will include retelling stories (literature) or processes (informational text) like explaining the life cycle of a butterfly or the change in the seasons. 2. Main Idea/Categorical Structure-- Use the vegetable tray image with its different sections or categories to explain that enumeration is an organized collection of information. Each item is named and described, one by one. This is the text structure for main idea/supporting details and descriptive writing. Access the matching Figure 2 020 Enumerative Structure Donut Map. 3. Compare-Contrast Structure-- Use the railroad track image to compare the similarities and differences of two topics, feature by feature. For more than two items being compared, flip the tracks horizontally. Access the matching Compare/Contrast graphic vertical organizer and the matrix/horizontal version, too. Using T-Charts, show students how to separate comparable information about each of the topics. Here's an example completed after reading about two birds--eagles and owls. Show students how to sort information in the text, grouping like ideas and clustering details about similar facets. Foldables are great for taking notes while reading about the different facets of a big concept. 4. Cause-Effect Structure-- Use Figure 21 Cause/Effect Domino Structure to demonstrate one or more reasons why something happened. Figure 22 Cause/ Effect Chicken Feet Structure is perfect for one cause with multiple effects. Using the concepts of before and after, teach students to identify the relationships of cause(s) and effect(s). 5. Problem-Solution Structure-- The concepts of problems and solutions are not foreign to students. They have heard from an early age that they need to compromise and cooperate. Teach students to read for the problem first, and then read for the solution(s).
Figure 20 Informational Text T-chart (scripted lesson)