Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Reading In Philippines History Reviewer, Study notes of History

Manuel L. Quezon University (MLQU)History

Reviewer for RPH regarding, The Development of the Philippine Historiography, Writing of the History During the American Period, Historical Writings during the third republic, DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES, The Nation and National History, ANALYSIS OF THE KARTILYA AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE: THE KARTILYA AS STREAM OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE, and EDITORIAL CARTOONS AS HISTORICAL MAINSPRING

Typology: Study notes

2019/2020

Available from 10/26/2022

mark-jason-pineda
mark-jason-pineda 🇵🇭

9 documents

1 / 13

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
Reviewer for Readings in Philippine History
(compilation of videos and ppt of sir)
pls don’t share <3
History: Study of the Human Past
- Deals with the past events
- Records of past events
- As an academic discipline
- Historia (Greek) means inquiry or
investigation
Herodotus
- Initiated the writing of history
- “The Father of History”
** Side Notes:
1. Importance of Antonio Pigafetta
- wrote the first history of our country
2. First boat used by Magellan: Victoria
History according to the foreign scholar:
- Is the record of what one age finds
worthy of note in another
- Study of human achievements
History: not just the past but also and
principally the present and future
- History is a forward projection, a
social construction of a future reality
(parang “history repeats itself”)
contradictory to the statement ^^ sabi ni
sir the people are the ones who are
repeating the history
- History is a forward power wherein
the direction of the arrangement of
the past is discussed.
** Side Notes:
1. Humans learning about the past so it
won’t happen again
History: Collective interplay of events
freedom of association
- Achievement of different people
- Collective effort of the people
- Masses is the real mover of history
Andres Bonifacio and the PH Revolution
(how he formed an alliance to fight
against tyranny of Filipinos and the
Spaniards)
Why do we need to study History?
(mostly from the video)
1. To remember the past events
2. Teaches religious tolerance
(promotes peace and understanding
in the society through the gods and
God)
3. Source of inspiration
4. Promotes patriotism
5. Laboratory of social sciences
(including psych, philosophy,
geology)
6. Broadens our knowledge on other
country’s culture, traditions, customs
7. Helps us to be good citizens (to not
repeat the past)
8. Promotes international peace
9. Professional uses (in law, past court
decisions can still be used given a
similar situation)
10. Removes prejudices (dami pa rin ‘di
clear sa history natin goiz :<< since
‘di tayo yung nagsulat)
- History as the road map to the future
by examining the struggles, success
and failures of our ancestors
What are the things that serve as glue
towards the realization of a nation?
- Significant both to society and
people for it helps us better
understand ourselves, our strengths,
limitations, and aspirations
- Reminds us of collective experience
of the people’s suffering, joy and
aspiration
**Side Notes: This is what Marcos did to
PH (accdg. to sir abante): Disciplined the
Filipinos
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd

Partial preview of the text

Download Reading In Philippines History Reviewer and more Study notes History in PDF only on Docsity!

Reviewer for Readings in Philippine History (compilation of videos and ppt of sir) pls don’t share < History: Study of the Human Past

  • Deals with the past events
  • Records of past events
  • As an academic discipline
  • Historia (Greek) means inquiry or investigation Herodotus
  • Initiated the writing of history
  • “The Father of History” ** Side Notes:
  1. Importance of Antonio Pigafetta
  • wrote the first history of our country
  1. First boat used by Magellan: Victoria History according to the foreign scholar:
  • Is the record of what one age finds worthy of note in another
  • Study of human achievements History: not just the past but also and principally the present and future
  • History is a forward projection, a social construction of a future reality (parang “history repeats itself”) contradictory to the statement ^^ sabi ni sir the people are the ones who are repeating the history
  • History is a forward power wherein the direction of the arrangement of the past is discussed. ** Side Notes:
  1. Humans learning about the past so it won’t happen again History: Collective interplay of events freedom of association
  • Achievement of different people
  • Collective effort of the people
  • Masses is the real mover of history Andres Bonifacio and the PH Revolution (how he formed an alliance to fight against tyranny of Filipinos and the Spaniards) Why do we need to study History? (mostly from the video)
  1. To remember the past events
  2. Teaches religious tolerance (promotes peace and understanding in the society through the gods and God)
  3. Source of inspiration
  4. Promotes patriotism
  5. Laboratory of social sciences (including psych, philosophy, geology)
  6. Broadens our knowledge on other country’s culture, traditions, customs
  7. Helps us to be good citizens (to not repeat the past)
  8. Promotes international peace
  9. Professional uses (in law, past court decisions can still be used given a similar situation)
  10. Removes prejudices (dami pa rin ‘di clear sa history natin goiz :<< since ‘di tayo yung nagsulat)
  • History as the road map to the future by examining the struggles, success and failures of our ancestors What are the things that serve as glue towards the realization of a nation?
  • Significant both to society and people for it helps us better understand ourselves, our strengths, limitations, and aspirations
  • Reminds us of collective experience of the people’s suffering, joy and aspiration **Side Notes: This is what Marcos did to PH (accdg. to sir abante): Disciplined the Filipinos

What is the most important inventions of Human Civilizations?

  1. Development of writing
  2. It gave men the instrument to record their achievements
  3. It ended the pre-historic age and marked the beginning of the historic era Different Branches of History
  4. General History
  • Involving: a. history b. economy c. diplomats d. military ** Side Note: Adam Smith and his works
  1. Economic History
  • Economic thoughts
  1. Cultural History
  • Local
  • Ethnic groups (example of this the BARMM- they are uncolonized)
  • festivals
  1. Social History
  2. Myth History (ex: Bi ag ni Lam Ang) History and Philippine Historiography Definition of Terms
  3. Historians
  • those who write history
  • seeking to understand the present by examining what went before
  1. Historiography
  • practice of historical writing
  • scientific way of writing history
  • historia - past (Greek)
  • grapier - to write (Greek) The Development of Philippine Historiography Writing of History during the Spanish Period
  1. Augustine Order
  • established on March 7, 1575
  • serving Filipinos in more than 300 towns
  1. Dominican Order
  • founded to preach the Gospel and to oppose heresy
  1. Franciscan Order
  • founded by St. Francis of Assisi
  • cultivating ideals of poverty and charity
  1. Jesuit Fathers
  • run several schools in the Philippines like Ateneo
  • first arrived in 1581
  1. Recollect Fathers
  • focused on the propagation of their religion Secular Historians during the Spanish Period
  • Was not confined to the hands of the friars
  • The secular historians during the Spanish period
  1. Spanish officials in the island
  2. Foreign residents and writers
  3. Filipino Ilustrado Secular Historians and their work
  4. Dr. Antonio de Morga
  • known for his work “Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas” (events)
  • most reliable sources of information regarding the 16th^ century of our country
  1. Captain Miguel de Loarca
  • known for his work “Relacion de las Islas Filipinas” (relationship)
  • highlighted the material culture of the early Filipinos which according to him was on very high degree of advancement
  1. Thomas de Comyn
  • known for his work “Estados de las Islas Filipinas” (state islands)
  1. Pardo de Tavera
  • known for his work “Biblioteca Filipina”
  • most reliable sources of historians in writing the history of the PH
  1. Epifanio Delos Santos
  • his monographs regarding the revolution and the life of several heroes became one of the bases of modern historians Writing of history during the American Period (American Historians)
  1. Emma Helen Blair and James Alexander Robertson
  • The Philippine Islands 1493- 1898
  • considered as an authority in the PH history
  1. Fred Atkinson
  • The PH Islands 1903
  1. James Le Roy
  • Philippine Past and Present 1914
  1. George Malcolm
  • The Commonwealth of the PH 1936
  1. Joseph Hayden
  • The PH: A Study in National Development 1936
  1. Catherine Mayo (non-colonial official)
  • Highlighted the backwardness of the Filipino ** Side Note: guys alam niyo ba pre- colonial PH was accepting of same- sex marriage and in fact like yung idea natin when it comes to women, mas mataas pa sila sa men. So this just proves ala kwenta yung pagccolonized saten kase pabalik tayo </ Historical Writings during the third republic
  • In the early 50s the writing of History continued to be dominated by traditional historians
  1. Dr. Nicolas Zapra
  2. Dr. Conrado Benitez
  3. Dr. domingo Eufronio Alip.
  4. Dr.Gregorio Zaide
  5. Dr. Antonio Molina **
  6. Teodoro Agoncillo
  • revolutionized writing of PH history
  • highlighted the 1896 revolution and considered 1872 as the beginning of the history of the PH
  • accdg. to him, before 1872, are the history of Spain in the PH ** Side Note: the reason why he said na 1872 start ng history ng PH kasi hindi nirrecognize yung before 1872 bc it was the Spaniard’s history not ours
  • Revolt of the masses the story of Bonifacio and the Katipunan o Agoncillo opened new avenues in the understanding of our nation’s history o His book can be considered not just a political history but a social history
  1. Renato Constantino
  • he placed the masses at the center in his treatment of history
  • accdg. to him, history as the collective people struggle towards the full realization of freedom and liberty
  • he argued the pre-colonnial PH developed a structure he termed as communal democracy (communal- shared by all members of a community) ** Side Note: communism in other words, equal society
  1. William Henry Scott and Dr. Landa Jocano
  • they specialized on the subjects that concern the pre-colonial civilization of the country
  • they used different sources like: colonial documents, ethnographic

accounts and archeological data in reconstruction of the PH past

  • Scott termed the “History of the Inarticulate”, in his attempt to write a history that will reflect the masses
  • “Cracks in the Parchment Curtain” of Scott and “The PH Pre-history” by Dr. Jocano are considered authoritative works in the PH History
  1. Reynaldo Ileto
  • “Pasyon and Revolution” (masses treated the pasyon to work for their advantage)
  • his book intended to make the people submissive became subversive ** Side Note: he wants us to act and revolutionize instead of accepting what the government or the past is giving us
  • suggested a counter-hegemonic discourse ** Side Note: it is a confrontation and/or opposition to existing status quo and its legitimacy in politics
  1. Vicente Rafael
  • Contracting Colonialism
  • looks on the role of language
  • the natives were not passive but active participants in the creation and interpretation of their culture DISTINCTION BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES Historical Resources
  • Dependent on the availability of
  1. Primary Sources
  2. Documentary Sources
  3. Secondary event or testimonies of the authorities
  • Can be categorized into:
  1. Written
  2. Material or Traditional
  3. Written Sources a. Literary Sources
  • interpretation of the writer
  • involves SUBJECTIVITY b. Official Sources
  • record produced when transacting business
  1. Traditional Sources
  • folklore
  • oral tradition
  • epic
  • indigenous materials
  1. Material Objects
  • money
  • guns
  • church bells Sources of History
  1. Documents
  2. Archeological records
  3. Oral and video accounts
  4. Modern World **colonial records such as gov’t reports and legal documents form a significant part of our collection here and abroad most esp in spain and us **ph presidents such as manuel quezon and Diosdado Macapagal ( memoirs to highlight their role as nation holders ) Trivia!! First published work in the Philippines is entitled la doctrina kristiana 2 General kinds of historical resources
  5. Primary records of history
  • can be written or non-written
  • refers to documents, artifacts, archaeological sites, physical objects, and oral or video account made by an individual or group being described
  • provide facts from ppl who actually witnessed the event
  • the one who experienced it first-hand
  • ex. Treaties, gov’t publications
  1. Secondary records of history

BONIFACIO ANG UNANG PANGULO

  • La Ilustracion Espanola Americana
    • Published on Feb. 8, 1897 recognized the national status of the Katipunan. In this issue the Katipunan government was referred to as the Republika ng Katagalugan. It also had Bonifacio’s picture which was labelled as Titulado Presidente de la Republica Tagala.
  • Kalayaan – organ of the Katipunan ANG KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN
  • Kartilya – set of principles and values to be observed by the members of the Katipunan. It served as a guiding philosophy for the members of the secret patriotic society. Emilio Jacinto
  • The youngest member of the Katipunan. He joined the Katipunan in 1894 when he was only 19 years old.
  • Editor of the Kalyaan
  • La Patria – His most famous literary piece. ANALYSIS OF THE KARTILYA AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE: THE KARTILYA AS STREAM OF HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE
  • Kartilya, emanates from the collective experience of the people and served as norms that must be followed by the members
  • Kartilya, served as a social glue that bound the anak ng bayan to resist colonial oppression.
  • Strong sentiments that manifests the collective action of the people in order to regain progress, freedom, happiness for Inang Bayan Kartilya ng Katipunan (summarized version)
  1. Acting for the common good for Inang Bayan and Anak ng Bayan
  • religio-political movement
  • intellectual working class
  1. Doing good things without expecting anything in return
  • treat all people fairly
  1. Love for others
  • sacrifice for the common good
  1. No discrimination
  • valuing human person
  1. Honor
  • honor first before anything else
  1. Palabra de Honor
  • valuing their word
  1. Dedication to work
  • importance of accomplishing the task
  1. Resist oppression
  2. Loyalty and prudence
  • being cautious and letting yourself be educated
  1. Diligence of the father of the family
  • protect and promote total well- being of his family
  1. Role of Women
  • treated with respect
  1. Love and respect for the members
  2. Equality of Human race EDITORIAL CARTOONS AS HISTORICAL MAINSPRING
  • Editorial cartoon is a potent tool that can be used to express the sentiments of the people.
  • Teasing is a part of the day to day life of an ordinary Filipino,
  • Teasing was used by Filipinos as weapon to criticize American policy in the country.

Art of Teasing

  • Painting
  • Sketching
  • Used to liberate society Contributors
  1. Fernando Amorsolo
  2. Jose Pereira
  3. Jorge Pineda
  4. Searching for the queen
  • The reality of Philippine politics.
  • Coddling and protecting many bad elements in society for their own interests
  • Politician spend so much bribing the electorate.
  1. Is the police force bribed
  • It was a critic of a rotten system in the colonial bureaucracy, especially in the police force. Corruption is still one of the serious problems besetting the country.
  1. The reign of terror
  • The presence of automobiles surprised the Filipinos in the Metro Manila area.
  • It also shows the disorganized granting of license as well as the absence of clear policies to respond to the danger posed to the public by the change.
  1. The New South
  1. Where the mosquito is king
    • It was a criticism against the Board of Health because of its failure to address the problem of mosquitoes in Metro Manila which caused the outbreak of numerous diseases in Metro Manila during that period.
  2. Why Worry
    • The poor condition of the capital’s drainage and sewerage system
    • The American blamed the Filipino bureaucrats who did not effectively continue the program initiated by their American predecessors. The Works of Luna and Amorsolo Historical Background of Luna’s Painting
  • Many of Luna’s painting illustrate literary and Historical scenes that carried political commentaries - Spoliarium - L Muerte de Cleopatra (the Death of Cleopatra) - The Battle of Lepanto Remarkable works of Luna
  1. El Pacto de Sangre (Blood compact between Datu Sikatuna and Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
  2. The Parisian Life
  3. Portrait of a Lady Fernando Amorsolo as a Painter
  • Painted and sketched more than 10,000 pieces
  • His techniques (Natural and Backlighting)
  • His theme are mostly rural Philippine landscapes
  • His award-winning works: (Leyendo El Periodico, Afternoon Meal of Rice Workers) Other Remarkable works of Amorsolo
  • The Making of the Philippine Flag
  • The First Baptism in the Philippines
  • Under the Mango Tree Historical Background of Amorsolo’s Painting
  • Amorsolo’s Painting depict life during the late American regime and the Japanese occupation in the Philippines.
  • Amorsolo’s significant paintings during the Japanese occupation (Bombing of the Intendencia, Bombing of the Legislative Building, The Rape of Manila, Burning of Sto. Domingo, Rizal Avenue in Ruins, Defense of a Filipino Woman’s Honor, Burning of Manila) One Past but many History

The History of the Philippines is divided into three periods:

  • Pre-colonial
  • Colonial
  • Post-Colonial The Colonial Period has three segments:
  • Spanish Period
  • American Period
  • Japanese Period Controversies and conflicting Views in Philippine History
  • The Site of the First Mass in the Philippines
  • The Cavite Mutiny
  • The Retraction of Jose Rizal
  • The Cry of Rebellion The site of the first mass in the Philippines: Masau or Limasawa?
  • As chronicled by Pigafetta, the first mass in the Philippine archipelago was celebrated on March 31, along the shores of what was referred to by him as Mazaua
  • Mazaua was believed to be Limasawa, an island located at the tip of Southern Leyte
  • According to Pigafetta’s account, Magellan ordered the planting of a large wooden cross on the top of a hill overlooking the sea. Limasawa Law RA No. 2733
  • It was enacted on June 19,1960.
  • It declared the site in Magallanes, Limasawa island in Leyte as national shrine, the place having been the site of the first Mass in the Philippines.
  • However, this law was not signed by the President Opposition to Limasawa Law
  • The declaration of Limasawa as the site of the first Mass in the Philippines as embodied in the unsigned Law was contested by some historians, Sonia Zaide in particular.
  • She identified Masao in Butuan as the location of the first Mass
  • Her claimed was based on the diary of Pigafetta
  • Cong. Ching Plaza of Agusan del Norte filled a bill in Congress in 1995 contesting the Limasawa claim, asserting that Butuan was the site of the first Mass. The stand of the National Historical Institute
  • The controversy was referred to the NHI (now National Historical Commission of the Philippines)
  • Dr. Samuel K. Tan then chairman of the NHI, reaffirmed Limasawa as the site. Claim of many Pangasinense
  • A marker in front of the Saint James the Great Parish Church in Bolinao, Pangasinan claims that in 1324, Fray Odorico Pordenone from Friuli, Italy officiated the first Catholic Mass in the Philippines. The Primary resources regarding the first mass
  1. Log kept by Francisco Albo
  • According to Albo’s, account the location of Mazava fits the location of the island of Limasawa, at the southern tip of Leyte, 9o^ 54’N.
  • Albo does not mention the first Mass, but only planting of the cross upon a mountain top from which could be seen three islands to the west and southwest, which also fits the southern end of Limasawa.
  • The publication of Retana claiming that he had the retraction document of Rizal
  • Fr. Pio Pi retraction document
  • Fr. Francisco Ortiz retraction document Revolution “Cry”
  1. Adrian Cristobal
  • Official dating and placing of the revolutionary “cry “ was on Aug 23, 1896 in Pugad Lawin
  • More accurate time ans place was August 24, 1896 at the barn of Melchora Aquino in Banlat, Quezon City