Reference Sheet for a Thesis
with L
A
T
EX2e and KOMA -Script
ßAll examples were tested with pdflatex.
ß
The package mentioned in the headings has to be included (see B.2).
ßCompile three times after last change (esp. docs with references).
A. L
A
T
EX Basics
A.1. Units
ßAvailable units for length and dimensions:
bp point (typographic) mm millimeter in inch em width of M
px pixel (1
/72in) cm centimeter pc pica ex height of x
ßDocument dependent units z\textwidth,z\linewidth,
z\columnwidth,z\textheight with za percentage value, e.g.
0.55\textwidth means 55% of the actual width of the text.
ß\baselineskip minimum vertical space between the bottom of two
successive lines in a paragraph.
ßAmounts like \smallskipamount,\medskipamount,\bigskipamount.
A.2. Reserved Characters (see also E.2, cf. H)
\introduces a command \textbackslash
{ } embraces arguments, creates logical parts \{ \}
[ ] embraces optional arguments [ ]
%comments: code after % will be ignored. \%
&separates columns in tabular-like environments \&
#parameter for own command declarations \#
$text style math mode (abbr. for \(...\))\$
_^index/exponent only valid in math mode, e.g. a2
1see E.2
B. Preamble (before \begin{document})
B.1. Documentclass (necessary)
Use: \documentclass[opt,opt,. . . ]{class}
Recommended classes: scrartcl,scrreprt,scrbook,scrlttr2
Non-KOMA -Script classes: beamer,koma-moderncvclassic
Common options with default Values available (subtotal)
fontsize=11pt 10pt |12pt (e.g. 12.5pt also valid)
paper=a4,paper=portrait a3 |a5 |b4 |letter,landscape
parskip=no half |full
headings=big small |normal
chapterprefix=false true
open=right (scrbook) any (scrartcl, scrreprt) | left
captions=oneline nooneline
captions=tablebelow,figurebelow tableabove,figureabove
toc=nolistof listof |listofnumbered
bibliography=totoc |totocnumbered nottotoc
twoside=true (scrbook) false (scrartcl, scrreprt)
twocolumn=false true
draft=false true (show overfull boxes)
ßOptions of document class are passed to every loaded package.
ßSet or change options later in file, e.g. \KOMAoptions{twoside=true}
B.2. Loading Packages
\usepackage[options]{package}
\PassOptionsToPackage[options]{package}
B.3. Encoding Settings
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % most IDEs use UTF8
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % most fonts needs T1
B.4. Language Settings with babel
Load: \usepackage[ngerman, main=english]{babel}
Use: \selectlanguage{language} \foreignlanguage{language}{text }
\documentclass[italian]{scrbook} % global option
\usepackage[british,main=italian]{babel} % package option
\usepackage{csquotes} % package csquotes knows italian
C. Layout
C.1. Changing Page Layout with geometry
ßLet KOMA -Script know of geometry by option usegeometry=true.
\usepackage[left=2cm, right=2, top=3cm, bottom=4cm,
bindingoffset=1cm, inlcudeheadfoot]{geometry}
ßAuto-completion determines unspecified dimensions (under or over
specified as well), here width and height of text (see I.9).
ßOther options: paper=a4paper,landscape|portrait,includehead,
includefoot,includeheadfoot,twocolumn
ßChanging page layout mid document: \newgeometry{ opt, opt, ... }
C.2. Header and Footer of Page (aka running heading)
\lehead \rehead\cehead \lohead \rohead\cohead
\ihead
\chead
\ohead
666666
% delete default settings and define your own
\usepackage[automark]{scrlayer-scrpage}
\clearpairofpagestyles
\ohead[]{\headmark} \ofoot[\pagemark]{\pagemark}
% Variant for a thesis with horizontal rules at head and foot
\usepackage[headsepline=0.005pt:,footsepline=0.005pt:,
plainfootsepline,automark]{scrlayer-scrpage}
\clearpairofpagestyles
\ohead[]{\headmark} \ofoot[\pagemark]{\pagemark}
\ModifyLayer[addvoffset=-.6ex]{scrheadings.foot.above.line}
\ModifyLayer[addvoffset=-.6ex]{plain.scrheadings.foot.above.line}
\setkomafont{pageheadfoot}{\small}
C.3. Linespread with setspace
Load: \usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace} for 1.5 line spacing.
D. Document Structure (see also L)
D.1. Start Document
\begin{document} Complete document contents. \end{document}
D.2. Title
simple title: \author{text } \title{text} \date{\today} \maketitle
title page self designed: \begin{titlepage} text \end{titlepage}
D.3. Table of Contents, List of Figures (for other List of see E.8 &G)
\tableofcontents \listoftables \listoffigures
KOMAoption toc=listof (see B.1) generates entries for TOC.
D.4. Headings
\part{title} \chapter{title}
\section{title} \subsection{title} \subsubsection{title}
\paragraph{title} \subparagraph{title}
ß\chapter only valid in documentclass scrbook and scrreprt
ß
Use
*
variants for headings without numbering, no change in counter
and no entry in table of contents.
ßUse the optional parameter for short titles in headings and table of
contents, e.g. \section[short title]{title }
ßUse \addpart,\addchap or \addsec for unnumbered headings, but
with running heading and entry in table of contents.
The *variants delete the running heading.
ßLayout of paragraph and subpargraph similar to other headings:
\RedeclareSectionCommands[afterskip=1sp]{paragraph,subparagraph}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{\subparagraphnumdepth}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{\subparagraphtocdepth}
D.5. Justification
Environment Declaration Other
\begin{center} \centering text \par\vfill text
\begin{flushleft} \raggedright text \hfill text
\begin{flushright} \raggedleft \raggedbottom,\flushbottom
D.6. Lists
\begin{itemize} with bullets \item or \item[symbol]
\begin{enumerate} with numbers \item
\begin{description} with bold words \item[word]
\begin{labeling}[separator]{labelinglabel} \item[word ]
\begin{enumerate}
\item First item
\item Second item\label{it:second} % see References
\end{enumerate}
D.7. Enhanced Lists with enumitem
Load: \usepackage{enumitem}
Example (for enumerate):
\setlist[enumerate,1]{label=\Alph*)}
\setlist[enumerate,2]{label=\alph*)}
\setlist[enumerate,3]{label=\roman*)}
\setlist[enumerate,4]{label=\arabic*)}
A) one
a) one
b) two
B) two
Example (for legal list):
\newlist{legal}{enumerate}{10}
\setlist[legal]{label*=\arabic*.,noitemsep}
Use: \begin{legal} \item ...\end{legal}
1. one
1.1. two
1.1.1. three
1.1.2. strawberry
D.8. Separate Files
ßAfter preamble within the text place:\include{file}Text starts and
ends on a new page. file has to be in the same directory as the
master file. Otherwise specify a path: \include{path/file}
ßIn preamble place: \includeonly{file1,file2 }to run only these files.
ßUse \input{file}includes a file without starting/ending on a new
page (\includeonly not valid).
E. Text
E.1. Paragraphs (≈“new idea in content”)
Paragraphs are separated by an empty line in the code or by \par.
A
\\
produces a new line – use sparingly, seldom needed outside tabulars.
Correct Overfull Box Warnings with more than 4pt (look into log file).
E.2. Text Symbols/Characters (see also A.2)
A lot of diacritic symbols can be typed directly, e.g. è é ê ñ ç
§\S _\textunderscore{} ~\textasciitilde{}
^\textasciicircum{} ... \ldots |\textbar
Other symbols need packages, e.g. €\texteuro (textcomp)
E.3. Fonts
Command Declaration Effect
\textrm{text} {\rmfamily text}Roman family
\textsf{text} {\sffamily text}Sans serif family
\texttt{text} {\ttfamily text}Typewriter family
\textmd{text} {\mdseries text}Medium series
\textbf{text} {\bfseries text}Bold series
\textup{text} {\upshape text}Upright shape
\textit{text} {\itshape text}Italic shape
\textsl{text} {\slshape text}Slanted shape
\textsc{text} {\scshape text}Small Caps shape
More general commands:
\emph{text} {\em text}Emphasized
\textnormal{text} {\normalfont text}Document font
Example: \setkomafont{section}{\scshape}
E.4. Font Size
Font size is relative to the base font size, specified in the document class.
\tiny tiny
\scriptsize scriptsize
\footnotesize footnotesize
\small small
\normalsize normalsize
\large large
\Large Large
\LARGE LARGE
\huge huge
\Huge Huge
Use: {\small text}or {\huge text\par} to limit the size change.
Example: \setkomafont{pageheadfoot}{\small}
E.5. Colors with xcolor
\usepackage{xcolor}
\definecolor{DarkBlue}{RGB}{0, 115, 207}
\colorlet{col_section}{DarkBlue}
\textcolor{red}{text in red} or {\color{red}text}
\colorbox{gray!25}{color gray faded by 25\%}
Predefined colors:
white gray black red green blue cyan magenta yellow
Fade a color with color!value between 0 and 100
Headings in color: \setkomafont{disposition}{\color{color }}
E.6. Footnotes
\footnote{text}
Print footnote marker in text and footnote at
bottom of page
\footnotemark
Print footnote marker in text (e.g. within tabu-
lar or caption)
\footnotetext{text}Print footnote at bottom of page
E.7. References with hyperref (loads url implicitly)
\autocite{citekey}
Cite a bibliographic reference (package
biblatex
)
\label{marker}
Set a marker for cross reference, often if the form
\label{sec:item} or \label{fig:diag1}
\autoref{marker}Give type name and number of marker
\autopageref{marker}
Give abbreviation of “page” and page
number of marker
\url{url}Print clickable web page
\href[options]{url }{text}Print clickable link
\hyperref[marker]{text}Print clickable reference
Style: \urlstyle{xx}with xx a style like “tt”, “rm”, “sf” or “same”.
Names for autoref (package babel):
\renewcaptionname{language}{\typenameautorefname}{text },
e.g. \renewcaptionname{english}{\subsectionautorefname}{section}
E.8. Acronyms with acro
\usepackage{acro,hyperref,longtable,tabu} %next 5 to praeambel
\acsetup{list-style=longtabu,list-heading=addchap}
\DeclareAcroListStyle{longtabu}{table}{table=longtabu,
table-spec=@{}>{\bfseries}lX@{}}
\DeclareAcronym{ecm}{short=EM,long=Electro Machining}
...
\ac{EM} or \Ac{EM} for capitalized first letter
\printacronyms
F. Figures & Tables (floating environments)
F.1. Figures with graphicx
Load: \usepackage{graphicx}
Use: \includegraphics[opt]{file}(png, jpg, pdf )
With ‘figure’ the environment to place a graphic is meant. The figure
caption is printed where the caption command is placed in the input.
Extra vertical space is controlled by the KOMAoption
captions
(see B.1).
Use: \begin{figure}[pos] ..\caption{..}\label{fig:x} \end{figure}
Parameter: pos is a suggestion for placing, it can be ignored by T
EX.
Possible values are combinations of
t
(top),
h
(here),
b
(bottom),
!
(try
harder), p(separate page).
Hint: Define a path to the graphic files (no blanks in folder names; no
special characters in file names) \graphicspath{ {folder/}{folder /}... }
\graphicspath{ {img/} } %subfolder for images; set in preambel
\begin{figure}\centering
\includegraphics[width=.8\columnwidth]{pic.jpg}
\caption[Short title]{Long title}\label{fig:ff}
\end{figure}
ßNumbering throughout the whole document (scrbook) with package
chngcntr:\counterwithout{figure}{chapter} (same for table)
ßFigure name: \renewcaptionname{language }{\figurename}{text}
\renewcaptionname{language}{\figureautorefname}{text}
typesetted with cmbright, August 18, 2017
