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REHS/RS NEHA Study Guide - Revised August
2023 Questions With Complete Solutions
When gas pipe is leaking, what methods would be used by the technician to identify the exact point of leakage? correct answer: Using soap bubble solution What is the graphic tool used by meteorologists to give a succinct view of how wind speed and direction are typically distributed at a particular location correct answer: Wind Rose What is the lowest portion of Earth's atmosphere called: correct answer: troposphere (a height of about 3.7-6.2 miles (6-10 km) What three viruses cause the largest number of known cases of illness through contaminated food: correct answer: Hepatitis, Rotavirus, Norovirus Shellfish poisoning is caused by a group of toxins produced by: correct answer: planktonic algae (dinoflagellates, in most cases) What is the most widely accepted detection method for the saxitoxins (Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning) around the world: correct answer: mouse bioassay (not as useful in Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning or Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning) Pufferfish (also called "fugu" or "blowfish") are thought of as a delicacy - even though they contain this toxin: correct answer: tetrodotoxin (in some types of pufferfish, some of the organs
like the liver and skin contain tetrodotoxin; in some pufferfish the toxin is in the meat also; and some have no toxin at all) Compounds that cause neurological symptoms such as profuse sweating, coma, convulsions, hallucinations, excitement, depression, spastic colon correct answer: Neurotoxins Compounds that produce rapid, transient nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea: correct answer: gastrointestinal irritants mushrooms in this category generally are nontoxic and produce no symptoms, unless alcohol is consumed within 72 hours after eating them, in which case a short-lived, acute toxic syndrome is produced: correct answer: disulfiram‐like toxins This is is a human illness caused by consumption of some subtropical and tropical marine finfish correct answer: Ciguatera fish poisoning (caused by consumption of subtropical and tropical marine finfish that have accumulated ciguatoxins through their diets) Powdered infant formula is not sterile, and its nutrients provide good conditions for the growth of correct answer: Cronobacter (after reconstitution) Travelers diarrhea is caused by which E. Coli (acronym)? correct answer: ETEC (Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli) Cholera is caused by which bacteria correct answer: Vibrio (but not all Vibrio cause cholera)
Milligrams per Liter (mg/L) is the equivalent metric measure to: correct answer: parts per million (ppm) liable to ignite spontaneously on exposure to air correct answer: Pyrophoric "RATITE" means correct answer: a flightless bird such as an emu, ostrich, or rhea. Which organization requires cover for baking dough correct answer: BISSC (Baking Industry Sanitation Standards Committee) The Registered Sanitarians are first and foremost: correct answer: Educators Common microorganism associated with skin rash in whirlpools? correct answer: Pseudomonas aeruginosa Complaining of extreme eye irritation by swimmers in a swimming pool may be: correct answer: Improper pH value Workers in dental care may receive: correct answer: Mercury Vapor poisoning Most accidents that occur in the home to infants aged 1-4 is caused by: correct answer: Walking/falling Most accidents around swimming pools: correct answer: Drowning
Which can adversely effect the nerve cell? correct answer: Neurotoxin This is usually found with Salmonella, caused by contaminated chicken source. High rate of infection: correct answer: Campylobacter jejuni What is the most enteric disease: correct answer: Norwalk virus The LEAST amount of backfill over the absorption field should be: correct answer: 12-18 inches Best method to avoid UST (Underground Storage Tank)problems: correct answer: Prevent corrosion Filters will: correct answer: Reduce stray radiation Swimmers ear is caused by: correct answer: Pseudomonas A principle for effective radiation protection: correct answer: distance, time, shielding Radiation could scatter and bounce off the correct answer: wall, floor, ceiling Know characteristics of alpha particles correct answer: Are they made of protons & neutrons? Yes Is absorbed the most matter? No Do they have a high penetration rate? No
Which is the preferred field test for a water system (for residual chlorine)? correct answer: DPD Which is the measurement of the amount of light scattered by particles suspended in water test sample? correct answer: Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU) Which is transmitted by food or water? correct answer: Hepatitis A What is another name for swimmer's itch? correct answer: Schistosoma spp High concentrations of Nitrates in drinking water are: correct answer: A possible cause of methemoglobinemia (Blue Baby Syndrome) Well head protection? correct answer: casing, cap and surface seal If a water sample is chlorinated: correct answer: Use a bottle with Sodium Thiosulfate (acts as a dechlor) Water sampling technique when transporting to the lab? correct answer: sterile glass or plastic bottle is the most important (also using the right preservative is important) Which steps are correct in stream cleaning? correct answer: Stream pollution (organic) is apparent along its length by a Zone of Degradation (just below the source), the Zone of Active Decomposition, and the a Zone of Recovery or Self-Purification.
O2 decreased in Zone of Degredation suspended solids increased and sludge on the stream bottom. Emergency water treatment? correct answer: Boil for 1 minute. (100 degrees Celsius is 212 degrees Fahrenheit). Also can add suggested amount of chlorine per gallon of water and let sit for 30 minutes. Can also use 8 drops of iodine tincture per quart of water. Can also use 1 tsp of bleach per gallon of water The composition of soil under an OSS drainfield is very important in the removal of both viruses and bacteria. Which of the following soil conditions is most favorable for removal of viruses? correct answer: Fine loamy sand over course sand or gravel NTU are most commonly used to? correct answer: Determine turbidity What causes water hardness? correct answer: Minerals (Dissolved calcium and magnesium bicarbonates, sulfates, and chlorides) Water containing Nitrates generally indicates? correct answer: Evidence of agricultural pollution (Note: Ammonia in the water comes from decomposition of organic matter and is evidence of fresh water pollution.) Microbial pollution only travels a short distance through: correct answer: Sandy loam or clay (most dense soil type)
Which one is best used to remove/control color, taste, and odor? correct answer: GAC-granular activated carbon filter Which type of filtration method is the least effective? correct answer: Rapid sand filter What are the four characteristics of hazardous wastes? correct answer: TIRC - toxic, ignitable, reactive, and corrosive Most institutions are? correct answer: Their own communities the importance of a ground fault interrupter? correct answer: Automatically shut off the electric power at the source What is the most common type of injury that occurs at home? correct answer: Falling (children 1-4) For fire safety requirements a room must have: correct answer: Dual Egress Asbestos found in older homes correct answer: Found in homes built in and before the 1970's (found in floor tiles and acoustic plaster ceiling when it deteriorates.) The drain line of an ice machine should connect to the sewer system through: correct answer: An open receptacle with an air gap Vent gasses from a coal-burning furnace combined with high moisture create: correct answer: sulfuric acid
What is the importance of a P-Trap plumbing devise? correct answer: prevents air from traveling back from the sewer line into the house The chimney should be how high above the home? correct answer: 3 feet above a flat roof or 2 feet above the tallest part of a peaked roof or wall parapet. In tattooing which is least important? correct answer: Single dye ?? Minimum wash temperature for hospital laundry is? correct answer: 160 degrees Which one is associated with water percolation? correct answer: Permeability The majority of nasocrominal infections can be prevented by: correct answer: Hand washing What is a biohazard? correct answer: A material of biological composition, especially if infective, that constitutes a threat to people or their environment. The biosafety containment level suitable for work involving agents of moderate potential hazard to personnel and the environment is: correct answer: Biosafety Level 2 What are the minimum requirements for a house? correct answer: A) Sleeping rooms less than 40 sq ft B)living rooms less than 300 sq ft C) 1.5 people per bedroom (if one answer is
A BSC (biological safety cabinet) national performance standard has been developed by? correct answer: NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) and UL (Underwriters Laboratories) Hand washing water temperature? correct answer: 98- degrees F What are the effects of substandard houses? correct answer: More accidents What measure should the sanitarian take if occupants of a building are complaining of skin irritations? correct answer: Check HVAC system When will we start to take history during a food borne illness outbreak? correct answer: 72 prior to the onset of symptoms Psychrophilic bacteria best grow in what temperature range? correct answer: Below 45 degrees Which one is used to kill bacteria by boiling? correct answer: Sterilization (and pasteurization is heating and then immediately cooling) When we store food that contains spores of bacteria, the spores: correct answer: Have no significant change Which one is the most common cause of food borne illness/outbreak? correct answer: Salmonella Salmonella is a: correct answer: Bacteria
How can we control S. Enteritis (gastroenteritis) associated with eggs? correct answer: Store and transport the eggs under refrigeration at an ambient air temperature of no more than 45 degrees In daycare center patrons, what is a common problem? correct answer: Food poisoning The Fourth Amendment covers: correct answer: Unreasonable/illegal search and seizure Which is the best place to store shellfish in a walk in refrigerator? correct answer: Far from the entrance door (on a lower shelf) Which is not allowed in a school kitchen? correct answer: Sanitizing towel Which one is not a recommended dishwashing detergent? correct answer: Phenol What body part is the most likely to transmit disease? correct answer: Hands What is a good indicator for good frozen foods? correct answer: Tightened water and air (no crystallization) Which organism can be a test for the efficiency of canned foods? correct answer: Clostridium botulinum
Which food does not require refrigeration at 41degrees? correct answer: Ultra-pasteurized creamers What is the maximum accumulated time that potentially hazardous food can safely be exposed to the temperature danger zone? correct answer: 4 hours Unpasteurized eggs not intended for immediate service should be cooked at? correct answer: 155 degrees for 15 seconds What is the most important rule of food storage? correct answer: Follow the "First In, First Out" rule Shellfish tags should be kept for how many days after the container is empty? correct answer: 90 days What is the appropriate procedure for bottle washing in a large plant? correct answer: Wash, rinse, sanitize (and air dry) (NOTE: for hand washing dishes it is the same, except add "scrape" to the beginning.) What is the minimum recommended space of Beach area per person? correct answer: 50 sq ft Skin irritation can be caused by prolonged exposure to water with a pH of? correct answer: Below 7.4 or 7.0 (eye irritation is prolonged exposure to 7.4 and below as well) The filter in a swimming pool should run for how long? correct answer: Continuously
At what time interval should water in a spa, whirlpool or hot tub recirculate? correct answer: Entire body of water should recirculate in 30 minutes (30 minute turnover rate) In a recreational area with gender bathrooms, what is the ratio of toilets per person? correct answer: 200 per person A public park owner refuses to repair a sewage leak. What should the sanitarian do? correct answer: File an injunction/summary statement If 100 people are attacked by a new disease of the total population of 70,000, the attack rate per person is? correct answer: Prevalence Rate (# of people with the disease/total #of people in the population) x 100/70,000X100=.14% Incidence rate = (# of new cases of the disease/# of persons at risk) X 100---would be the same % Spa and hot tub maximum temperature is? correct answer: 104 degrees A pool filtration system should filter the entire volume of water in the pool every? correct answer: 6-8 hours Cyanuric acid additive is used in pools and spas to: correct answer: Stabilizes the residual chlorine level.
HAZWOPER (Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response) requirement apply to? correct answer: Voluntary clean up at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. What are the Levels of Emergency Warning (ER Planning and Response)? correct answer: Level 1-ALERT, Level 2- EMERGENCY, Level 3-GENERAL EMERGENCY (Level 1 is an alert to everyone that a hazard may exist, Level 2 is a site specific/area specific alert ER personnel only, and Level 3 is a general alert to all that ER does exist) The senior emergency response official responding to an emergency is called? correct answer: An Incident Commander The US Dept. of Transportation (DOT) hazardous material regulations do what? correct answer: identify the hazardous materials during the initial response phase of an accident. What is the number ONE item, listed under emergency equipment and supplies? correct answer: Water (2 gallons of water per person) In case of disasters, the speed with which action may be implemented is dependent upon what? correct answer: Prior plans for emergencies Emergency shelters should provide a minimum of how much space per person? correct answer: 30 square feet per person
What is the best way to protect a community drinking water supply/system from terrorist activity? correct answer: Routine surveillance Which duty is most important for health personnel during a disaster? correct answer: Medical and dental services Which are used as bioterrorist agents? correct answer: Small pox and anthrax Which one is not considered the responsibility of the incident commander during a disaster incident? correct answer: Finances During a disaster, Health Personnel are? correct answer: First responders Which of the following is NOT a major source of sulfur dioxide? correct answer: Electrical substations Which of the following is not a malodorous gas? correct answer: Carbon Monoxide What is a primary pollutant? correct answer: One that is found in the atmosphere due to a natural reaction, found in its natural form. Particle size selective inlets are used to separate particulates above and below 2-3 microns in size on? correct answer: High volume samplers
