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Understanding Schedules of Reinforcement: Importance, Effects, and Uses, Schemes and Mind Maps of Science education

University of North Florida (UNF)Science education

An overview of four schedules of reinforcement - continuous, fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval. It explains their effects on behavior, where they might be best used in the teaching/learning cycle, and factors to consider when fading reinforcement. Real-life examples are given to illustrate the concepts.

What you will learn

  • What are the four main schedules of reinforcement?
  • What are some strategies for making reinforcement 'visible' to students?
  • How do continuous and intermittent reinforcement schedules differ?

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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1&
Reinforcement&Schedules:&Why&
are&they&important?&
SPCD&519&
Class&7&
Goals&for&Tonight’s&Class&
• Define&four&schedules&of&reinforcement&and&
– Describe&their&effects&on&behavior&
– Explain&where&in&the&teaching/learning&cycle&they&
might&best&be&used&
• Explain&factors&to&consider&when&fading&
reinforcement&
• Learn&ways&to&make&reinforcement&“visible”&to&
students&to&enhance&their&
&&&&ability&to&delay&reinforcement&
Schedules of Reinforcement
• Continuous (CRF) – reinforcement every time
behavior occurs; used for increasing or
stabilizing a behavior
• Intermittent – reinforcement delivered
occasionally or intermittently after behavior
occurs; used to maintain a behavior
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Partial preview of the text

Download Understanding Schedules of Reinforcement: Importance, Effects, and Uses and more Schemes and Mind Maps Science education in PDF only on Docsity!

Reinforcement Schedules: Why

are they important?

SPCD 519

Class 7

Goals for Tonight’s Class

  • Define four schedules of reinforcement and
    • Describe their effects on behavior
    • Explain where in the teaching/learning cycle they might best be used
  • Explain factors to consider when fading

reinforcement

  • Learn ways to make reinforcement “visible” to

students to enhance their

ability to delay reinforcement

Schedules of Reinforcement

  • Continuous (CRF) – reinforcement every time behavior occurs; used for increasing or stabilizing a behavior
  • Intermittent – reinforcement delivered occasionally or intermittently after behavior occurs; used to maintain a behavior

Schedule Definition Fixed Ratio (FR) Reinforcer delivered after a certain # of responses; produces high rate of behavior with a pause after reinforcement Variable Ratio (VR) Reinforcer delivered after an average of x responses; produces a high, steady rate of behavior with no pause after reinforcement Fixed Interval (FI) Reinforcer delivered for the 1st^ response after a fixed interval of time; produces a low rate of behavior with an on-and-off pattern; response rate increases near end of interval Variable Interval (VI) Reinforcer delivered for the 1st^ response that occurs after a variable interval of time; produces a steady, low to moderate rate of behavior with no on-and-off pattern Fixed Ratio (FR) Reinforcer delivered after a certain # of responses; produces high rate of behavior with a pause after reinforcement Example of a Classroom Group ConSngency Strategy using fixed raSo: Anchor the Boat (Lohrmann & Talerico, 2004

Fixed

Interval (FI)

Reinforcer delivered for the 1st response after a fixed interval of time; produces a low rate of behavior with an on-and-off pattern; response rate increases near end of interval

Variable

Interval

(VI)

Reinforcer delivered for the 1st^ response that occurs after a variable interval of time; produces a steady, low to moderate rate of behavior with no on-and-off pattern

Some related terms:

• Thinning – gradually reducing the

frequency of reinforcement provided after

the target response to decrease

dependence on the reinforcement

• Ratio Strain – occurs when we’ve

thinned the reinforcement too quickly

Competing Contingencies

(Concurrent Reinforcement)

  • People most often engage in behavior that results in - More frequent reinforcement - Greater magnitude of reinforcement - More immediate reinforcement - Less response effort
  • Use managed contingencies that are more powerful than the natural contingencies supporting the competing behavior. - In other words, the new reinforcer or reinforcement schedule must be perceived to be “better” than the current one, or the individual will not change her behavior Making reinforcement obvious…