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Using to prevent problem bx is considered a proactive approach - ✔✔Antecedent intervention BIP is developed for what reason - ✔✔to decrease problem behaviors and teach or increase replacement behaviors in all settings Pairing has occurred when... - ✔✔the teacher is paired with the reinforcement if escape behaviors are occurring frequently, it is often due to - ✔✔the reinforcement schedule being too thin Levi screams whenever he wants his toy. What would be a good antecedent intervention? - ✔✔Functional communication training (teaching manding) the pace of instruction can decrease the likelihood of escape behaviors - ✔✔Increasing the inter-trial interval should last... - ✔✔approx. 1 / 2 second cameron has tantrums and non-compliance for the function of escaping a task. What antecedent interventions would be best to use in the BIP? - ✔✔stimulus demand fading the Wait and Transitions program are both used as antecedent interventions for... - ✔✔behaviors to gain item/activity Joseph engages in shouting out behaviors for the function of gaining attention. What antecedent interventions would be best to use in the BIP - ✔✔Non-contingent attention
What follows behavior - ✔✔consequence Using to prevent behaviors is considered a proactive approach - ✔✔antecedent interventions There are three types of behavior intervention strategies in the BIP, they are - ✔✔Antecedent interventions, replacement behaviors, and consequence interventions Systematic desensitization/exposure therapy is most often used to treat - ✔✔phobias Errorless teaching is most appropriate to prevent - ✔✔behaviors to escape/avoid something a motor activity schedule could - ✔✔reduce the motivation for self stimulatory behavior Reinforcement is any event the behavior, and that behavior - ✔✔Follows; increases Another way to conceptualize negative in negative reinforcement and in negative punishment is... - ✔✔Removal what precedes behavior - ✔✔antecedent When Kay talked to nancy she liked to complain about work. Nancy would listen and try to cheer her up by talking with her. The more nancy talked with Kay the more she complained. By talking with Kay after she complained, Nancy used what principle - ✔✔Positive reinforcement The field of ABA focuses on behavior - ✔✔Observable Who was the founder of modern behaviorism - ✔✔Skinner
Listener responding involves responding to the verbal behavior of another - ✔✔non-verbally In the book , Ethics for Behavior Analysts, Bailey and Burch outlined 9 guidelines that can and should be followed when - ✔✔making decisions about out clients Behavior analysts adhere to the code of ethics that suggests guidelines for conduct including teaching what kind of skills? - ✔✔functions Respect autonomy, benefit others and be just are all - ✔✔from ethics for behavior analysts by bailey and Burch the main goal of HIPAA was to - ✔✔allow people to carry insurance from one employer to another and to protect the privacy and security of medical records and information the one time you should violate confidentiality is when.. - ✔✔there is suspicion of neglect/abuse punishment is used to - ✔✔decrease bx Whenever punishment is going to be used, the client or the person whom makes decisions for the client, such as a parent or guardian, must - ✔✔give informed consent When you observed sally she kicked 7 times. Your observation was from 1 pm to 3 pm, sally's kicking rate per hour is... - ✔✔ 3. 5 /hr what can be used to predict for behavior in the future - ✔✔a trend line in the direction of the behavior change During baseline, behavior is assessed in the... - ✔✔natural environment
when teaching receptive identification it is useful to begin with the identification of - ✔✔Preferred stimuli If shown an array of photos and asked, "Give me the one that you jump on" this is an example of... - ✔✔Function the ABC of receptive language is... - ✔✔antecedent: another person's verbal language; Behavior: non- verbal response; Consequence: non-specific reinforcement In receptive identification it is recommended that the array of items should: - ✔✔increase in size and become messier Objects are generally presented before pictures when teaching receptive identification (T/F) - ✔✔True In the receptive instructions program, generally the first step should be: - ✔✔give instructions to preform referred tasks in context touching or looking at a picture or object when it is named is an example of what - ✔✔receptive language/listener responding If a child can respond correctly to "touch the car" but not respond correctly to "Touch the one you drive" they may be missing what skill - ✔✔listener responding to function feature and class what is another name for fast trigger - ✔✔antecedent Claire has to write a sorry letter to the teacher and all of her friends when she yells at her friends in class. This is an example of what - ✔✔overcorrection which of the following should be used first when dealing with problem behaviors? - ✔✔antecedent interventions
What is an antecedent? - ✔✔an event that sets the stage for the behavior and occurs in close proximity to the behavior Kyle walked into his classroom the teacher told him to go get his math book, kyle fell to the floor. The teacher went to tell the principle about kyle's bx instead of doing the math lesson. What could be the reinforcer - ✔✔escape from math how many functions of behavior are socially mediated? - ✔✔ 3 behavioral definitions must be both... - ✔✔observational and measurable an important ethical question to ask when setting up a behavior change program is - ✔✔how will this benefit the individual what are the 4 functions of behavior? - ✔✔access to tangibles, to gain attention, escape, automatic Kyle walked into his classroom. The teacher told him to get his math book. Kyle fell to the floor. the teacher went to tell the principle about kyle's behavior instead of doing the math lesson. What is the antecedent to falling on the floor - ✔✔being told to grab his math book a BIP is... - ✔✔a guide for parents, teachers, and other professionals on how to decrease inappropriate behaviors and/or teach replacement behaviors For ASD children that do not easily acquire imitation, skills may need to be - ✔✔broken down into basic compartments, directly taught, and reinforced its important to remember that action(s) should be taught for the same toy in imitation - ✔✔multiple the four areas of motor imitation are.. - ✔✔toy.object imitation, gross motor imitation, and oral motor imitation
For a student beginning imitation training, they need to engage is some pre-req bx, including - ✔✔staying seated and attending to the teacher it is important to remember throughout imitative skills training that the end goal is to have the student...
- ✔✔imitate others in his natural environment (T/F) the SD "raise arms" should be used to teach imitation (memtic bx) - ✔✔false when creating video-self modeling videos, you... - ✔✔videotape the student engaging in the desired behavior and edit out any other behaviors which type of chaining results in the learner being reinforced after they perform the final step in the chain - ✔✔backwards chaining when teaching bob to discriminate boys and girls, his teacher used pictures of exaggerated versions of genders (girls had long hair and dresses, boys wore pants with short hair). Over time, she used less exaggerated features. this is an example of what - ✔✔stimulus fading Imitation training can be used to teach students to take cues from... - ✔✔model prompts what kind of prompt is being used when the teacher flashes the light off then on to get students' attention - ✔✔Visual prompt T/F video modeling is a new area of research in the field of education and behavior analysis - ✔✔false when teaching new behavior, you should use which type of prompt heirarchy? - ✔✔most to least a phonemic prompt is - ✔✔a small verbal prompt that gets the learner to emit the desired response discrimination training requires - ✔✔one response and two antecedent conditions
in DTT, the inter-trial-interval generally lasts how long? - ✔✔ 1 - 3 seconds T/F with expressive targets you can use expanded trials - ✔✔true the following is an example of what; the teacher glances at the cow toy as she presents the instruciton "give me the cow" - ✔✔inadvertent prompting shaping is... - ✔✔reinforcing successive approximations of a target bx what is chaining - ✔✔breaking a skill down into components, teaching each step to mastery and then combining all steps errorless teaching is when - ✔✔the instructor provides prompting when the target is presented so that student response is correct generalizations means demonstration of mastery across - ✔✔time, people, materials how can you tell if an item is a reinforcer - ✔✔if the bx was actually repeated in the future after receiving the item task variation involves the random interspersing of - ✔✔tasks during a therapy session teaching johnny to label his clothing items as he dressed would be an example of - ✔✔natural environment teaching (NET) backwards chaining is... - ✔✔prompting the learner through the initial steps and allowing them to complete the final step, then they complete the final two steps, the three and so on which effective teaching procedures can be used to NaTS to maintain motivation - ✔✔using errorless teaching and varying tasks
Multiple examplar training refers to - ✔✔using many different stimuli to teach a skill to promote generalization sue's teachers say she isnt motivated by anything. She shows little interest in toys, activities or food. an exception appears to be one CD that she listens to exclusively. What can Sue's teachers do to broaden her reinforcement repertiore - ✔✔pair toys, food, and activities with the music she loves and then start to fade music by turning the volume down when teaching a new skill you should, - ✔✔use multiple stimuli there is a functional relationship between a behavior and a consequence when that behavior naturally produces that - ✔✔consequence something you can do to prevent the student from losing motivation in naturalistic teaching is - ✔✔change activities at a pace that is just slightly faster than the learner is losing interest in them in the following teaching sessions when certain parts of the environment impact our responses, this is said to have over our responses - ✔✔stimulus control generalization can refer to the transfer of behaviors to - ✔✔persons, settings, and other behaviors T/F what someone says they want is the best predictor of reinforcer effectiveness - ✔✔false Rob is learning body parts, and loves frogs. His teacher draws a frog but leaves part of his body missing. When he points at the missing part, she prompts him to say the body part, then draws it. This is an example of NT because.. - ✔✔the reinforcer was directly related to the material being taught if a Behavior analyst measured the length of time that it took andrew to respond to someone calling him, she would be measuring the... - ✔✔latency
the role of RBT is to - ✔✔provide direct support and education with individuals recieving ABA services if a practitioner finds that, due to unforseen factors, a potentially harmful multiple relationship has risen, what is reccomended - ✔✔attempt to resolve with the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the guidelines what is a very common type of data used in ITT that takes a little more time - ✔✔cold probe when teaching in ITT, the goal is to fade the frequency of reinforcement from a schedule to a schedule - ✔✔continuous; intermittent T/F instructions (SD) should be delivered in many ways - ✔✔true what assessments can be helpful in setting up a VB program - ✔✔ABLLS-R and VB-MAPP in the ITT, the format is - ✔✔Sd/Instruction--> Response Using transfer trials will help eliminate - ✔✔prompt dependency When our learner is on a roll with responding, reinforcement should be - ✔✔continued at current levels or increased during error correction, after you represent the SD with a prompt, you should - ✔✔represent the same instruction to test if the prompt a woman saying Cynthia after being asked her name is an example of which verbal operant - ✔✔intraverbal are usually the first form of communication to develop in typically developing children - ✔✔mands
Behavior that is evoked by another's verbal behavior such as conversation, can be best described as... - ✔✔intraverbal a guy asks for pizza, this is an example of which verbal operant - ✔✔mand clapping upon seeing another individual clapping is an example of what bx - ✔✔imitation (mimetic bx) billy saying my name is Ricky after ricky said my name is ricky is an example of what - ✔✔echoic Skinner's bx analysis of verbal bx emphasizes in addition to the form of language - ✔✔function as a dog walks in front of a boy, he says, look, a dog, this is an example of which verbal operant - ✔✔tact When a learner becomes more non-compliant, it is most likely due to... - ✔✔they are not getting enough reinforcement and the schedule of reinforcement is too thin a learner will be more likely to perform behaviors that earn him more reinforcement than he would a behavior that produces less reinforcement. This refers to which characteristic of reinforcement - ✔✔magnitude Characteristics and variables that are components of the matching law can be remmebered with the acronym - ✔✔VERMI Present difficult tasks approximatley % of the time - ✔✔ 20 non contingent reinforcement is delievered - ✔✔independent of the childs behavior many individuals with problem behaviors have established learning histories where teachers and leaning environments are.... - ✔✔a worsening sets of conditions
if you have an individual that engages in escape bx you shoud - ✔✔tailor antecedent interventions to the person you support based on data from the FBA After a crisis has occured, the person you support should engage in - ✔✔pre-crisis tasks and activities
