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Renal/Urinary System Class: NURS - Nursing; Subject: Nursing; University: Bryant and Stratton College-Willoughby Hills; Term: Forever 1989;
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Reduced renal blood flow Thickened glomerular and tubular basement membranes Decreased tubule length Decreased glomerular filtration rate Nocturnal polyuria and risk for dehydration TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 If blood pressure rises while patient over age of 50 suddenly, but never before that. TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 Inspection - edema - periorbital and pedal Auscultation - bruit (aneurism) Palpation - enlargement Percussion - dullness Assessment of the urethral meatus for any abnormalities or signs of infection TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Assess for bleeding Bed rest for 4-6 hours Vitals Measure Serum Creatinine after a few days Check urine Encourage to drink fluids TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 inflammation of the urinary bladder
Most commonly caused by bacteria that moved up the urinary tract from the external urethra to the bladder. Catheters are the most common factor placing patients at risk for UTIs in the hospital setting TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 Frequent urge to urinate Dysuria Urgency TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 urinary antiseptics antibiotics analgesics antispasmodics antifungal agents long-term antibiotic therapy for chronic TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 Stress incontinence Urge incontinence Mixed incontinence Overflow incontinence Functional incontinence TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 Keeping a diary Behavioral interventions Diet modification Pelfic Floor (Kegel) exercises Drug therapies (estrogen) Surgery
Assess for previous history of sore throats and strep TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 Slowing the progression of the disease Preventing Complications Change diet - decrease protein, salt and potassium intake Change fluid - decrease fluid drug therapy - diuretics dialysis - transplant TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 Begins with precipitating event and continues until oliguria develops - lasts hours to days Gradual accumulation of nitrogenous wastes, such as serum creatinine and BUN, may be noted. TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 Characterized by a urine output of 100-400 ml/24 hours that does not respond to fluid challenges or diuretics - Lasts 1-3 weeks Laboratory data include increasing serum creatinine and BUN, hyperkalemia, bicarbonate deficit (metabolic acidosis), hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and hypermagnesemia, sodium retention, regulation of water balance by kidneys is impaired TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 Often has a sudden onset within 2-6 weeks after oliguric stage. Urine flow increases rapidly over a period of several days Electrolyte losses typically precede clearance of nitrogenous wastes. Later in the diuretic phase, the BUN level starts to fall and continues to fall until level reaches normal limits
In this phase, the patient begins to return to normal levels of activity. Patient functions at a lower energy level and has less stamina. Residual renal insufficiency may be noted through regular monitoring of renal function. Renal function may never return to pre-illness level, but renal function is sufficient TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 60% nephrons lost TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 75% nephrons lost, GFR decreased to 20% TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 90% nephrons lost, GFR negligible TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 Azotemia Uremia Uremic syndrome high BUN Decreased urine output Sodium decreased early, but high late potassium - hyperkalemia acid-base balance changes metabolic acidosis