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REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE QUESTIONS-Student Copy
Name: Date:
- Which diagram correctly represents a step in the normal process of human reproduction?
Key = total genetic material of a human cell = one half of the total genetic material of a human cell
- Which situation would be part of the normal reproductive cycle of a human?
(1) the presence of testosterone regulating gamete production in a male
(2) estrogen in concentrations that would produce sperm in a female
(3) a high progesterone level in a male
(4) a low insulin level in either a male or a female
- Which statement describes a function of the human male reproductive system?
(1) It produces gametes in testes.
(2) It supplies a uid that protects the fetus.
(3) It provides support for the development of the embryo.
(4) It provides nutrient materials through a placenta.
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- The data in the table below indicate the presence of speci c reproductive hormones in blood samples taken from three individuals. An X in the hormone column indicates a positive lab test for the appropriate levels necessary for normal reproductive functioning in that individual.
Which processes could occur in individual 3?
(1) production of sperm, only
(2) production of sperm and production of eggs
(3) production of eggs and embryonic development
(4) production of eggs, only
- The diagram below represents human reproductive systems.
Which statement best describes part of the human reproductive process?
(1) Testosterone produced in A is transferred to D, where it in uences embryonic development.
(2) Testosterone produced in D in uences formation of sperm within B.
(3) Estrogen and progesterone in uence the activity of C.
(4) Progesterone stimulates the division of the egg within C.
- The reproductive cycle of a human is usually regulated by
(1) gametes
(2) hormones
(3) natural selection
(4) immune responses
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- Human egg cells are most similar to human sperm cells in their
(1) degree of motility
(2) amount of stored food
(3) chromosome number
(4) shape and size
- Within which structure in the human body does specialization of parts of the developing baby take place?
(1) ovary (2) uterus
(3) testis (4) pancreas
- The accompanying diagram shows the human female reproductive system.
The fetus normally develops within structure
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The graph shows some events associated with the reproductive cycle of human females.
Days of Menstrual Cycle
Which sections of the graph represent structures a ected directly by the hormones shown?
(1) section A and section B, only
(2) section B and section C, only
(3) section A and section C, only
(4) section A, section B, and section C
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- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents the human female reproductive system.
The placenta forms from the combination of fetal tissue and tissue from structure
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
- Structure A usually produces
(1) sperm and eggs
(2) testosterone and eggs
(3) estrogen, progesterone, and eggs
(4) estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents the reproductive systems of the human female and male.
In which structure do gametes usually unite to produce a zygote?
(1) A (2) G (3) C (4) F
- Which reproductive structure is correctly paired with its function?
(1) uterusóusual site of fertilization
(2) testisóusual location for egg development
(3) ovaryódelivers nutrients to the embryo
(4) spermótransports genetic material
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- Which statement describes one function of the placenta in mammals?
(1) It allows blood of the mother to mix with the blood of the fetus.
(2) It contains uid that protects the embryo from harm.
(3) It removes waste products that are produced in the cells of the fetus.
(4) It synthesizes food for the embryo.
- As women age, their reproductive cycles stop due to decreased
(1) digestive enzyme production
(2) production of ATP
(3) levels of speci c hormones
(4) heart rate
- Which hormones most directly in uence the uterus during pregnancy?
(1) testosterone and insulin
(2) progesterone and testosterone
(3) estrogen and insulin
(4) progesterone and estrogen
- The diagram below represents the human female reproductive system.
Exposure to radiation or certain chemicals could alter the genetic information in the gametes that form in structure
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
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- Testosterone directly a ects the
(1) formation of a zygote
(2) changes within an ovary
(3) production of sperm cells
(4) development of a placenta
- The reproductive system of a male mammal provides
(1) support for the internal development of the embryo
(2) materials through the placenta
(3) a means for the delivery of gametes
(4) the ovaries for gamete production
- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.The letters in the diagram indicate structures present in a human male.
What change would occur immediately if both structures labeled B were damaged or blocked?
(1) Structure A would decrease in size.
(2) The blood supply to structure E would decrease.
(3) Gametes would no longer be transported to structure C.
(4) Structure D would be able to deliver more gametes.
- Which structure produces the male hormone responsible for characteristics such as muscle development, deep voice, and gamete production?
(1) A (2) B (3) E (4) D
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- The diagram below represents a system in the human body.
The primary function of structure X is to
(1) produce energy needed for sperm to move
(2) provide food for the sperm to carry to the egg
(3) produce and store urine
(4) form gametes that may be involved in fertilization
- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram below, which represents systems in a human male and on your knowledge of biology.
Which structure has both reproductive and excretory functions?
(1) A (2) G (3) C (4) D
- Which structures aid in the transport of sperm by secreting uid?
(1) A and H (2) B and E
(3) C and D (4) D and H
- Which sequence represents the path of sperm leaving the body?
(1) A! C! G (2) A! C! B
(3) E! F! H (4) D! F! G
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- When a pregnant woman ingests toxins such as alcohol and nicotine, the embryo is put at risk because these toxins can
(1) di use from the mother's blood into the embryo's blood within the placenta
(2) enter the embryo when it eats
(3) transfer to the embryo since the mother's blood normally mixes with the embryo's blood in the placenta
(4) enter the uterus through the mother's navel
- During the last months of pregnancy, the brain of a human embryo undergoes an essential ìgrowth spurt.î Which action by the mother would most likely pose the greatest threat to the normal development of the nervous system of the embryo at this time?
(1) spraying pesticides in the garden
(2) taking prescribed vitamins on a daily basis
(3) maintaining a diet high in ber and low in fat
(4) not exercising
- The diagram below represents some stages that occur in the formation of an embryo.
Which statement best describes stage X?
(1) Stage X is a zygote and contains half the number of chromosomes as the body cells of the parents.
(2) Stage X is formed by the process of meiosis and is known as a gamete.
(3) Stage X is a zygote and is formed as a result of the process of fertilization.
(4) Stage X is formed by mitosis and is known as an egg cell.
- The major function of the placenta is to
(1) cushion the fetus so it won't be hurt when the mother moves
(2) exchange food, oxygen, and waste between mother and fetus
(3) store food for the fetus
(4) support the egg for the process of fertilization
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- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and data tables below and on your knowledge of biology. Use one or more complete sentences to answer each question.
Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause the class of birth defect known as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). Scientists do not yet understand the process by which alcohol causes damage to the fetus. There is evidence, however, that the more a pregnant woman drinks, the greater the chances that the child will be a ected and the birth defects will be serious. Some evidence indicated that even low levels of alcohol consumption can cause intellectual and behavioral problems.
Explain why alcohol consumption by the mother is especially harmful during the early stages of pregnancy.
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- Base your answer to the following question(s) on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.
The Critical Role of the Placenta The proper functioning of the placenta is critical to the growth and development of a healthy fetus. For example, the placenta appears to act as a nutrient sensor. It regulates the amounts and types of nutrients that are transported from the mother to the fetus. Improper functioning of the placenta can alter the structure and function of speci c cells and organ systems in the developing fetus, putting it at risk for health problems as an adult. For example, in some pregnancies, the placenta develops a resistance to blood ow. This resistance appears to force the heart of the fetus to work harder. This could result in an increased chance of the individual developing heart disease as an adult. A group of hormones known as glucocorticoids a ects the development of all the tissues and organ systems. One of the things this group of hormones does is to alter cell function by changing the structure of cell membrane receptors.
Discuss the importance of the placenta in the development of a healthy fetus. In your answer, be sure to:
identify two factors that could in uence the nutrients that can pass from the mother to the fetus identify the group of hormones that alter cell membrane receptors and explain how this alteration can a ect cell function state the role of the uterus in the development of the fetus and the placenta
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- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The graph shows some events associated with the reproductive cycle of human females.
Days of Menstrual Cycle
Identify another human reproductive hormone that is not shown on this graph.
- Which section of the graph shows the location where the zygote would most likely become implanted and develop?
- According to the graph, on which day is the egg released from the ovary?
- Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology.
Endometriosis is a condition that occurs in some women, causing multiple cells or layers of cells to grow outside of the uterus. In some cases, these growths can actually cover the entire ovary or cause the tube leading from the ovary to the uterus to be blocked. The diagram below represents the female reproductive system. Two structures, A and B, are labeled.
Select structure A or B and indicate your selection on the line below. Describe speci cally how the growths that are characteristic of endometriosis at the location you selected could a ect the ability of a female to become pregnant.
Structure:
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