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Respiratory System | BIOL - Anatomy & Physiology, Quizzes of Physiology

Daemen CollegePhysiology

Class: BIOL - Anatomy & Physiology; Subject: Biology / Biological Sciences; University: Daemen College; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 12/06/2010

maggyduffy180
maggyduffy180 🇺🇸

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TERM 1
Conducting portion
DEFINITION 1
-nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi &
bronchioles -filters air & brings it to the end -> the
respiratory portion
TERM 2
Respiratory portion
DEFINITION 2
-alveoli
TERM 3
Functions
DEFINITION 3
-gas exchange -moves air to and from exchange surface -
protects respiratory surfaces from damages (dehydration,
temperature, pathogens) -defense -produces sounds -
produce sounds -regulates the blood volume, pH, and
pressure
TERM 4
external nose
DEFINITION 4
-cartilage: lateral nasal, major & minor alar cartilage -nasal
bone -external nares; nostrils -encloses nasal vestibule:
protected by hairs, opens into the nasal cavity, divided by
the nasal septum opens into the nasal cavity
TERM 5
nasal cavity
DEFINITION 5
-starts at nasal vestibule & end at the internal nares -divided
by nasal septum (made oh ethmoid, vomer, & septal
cartilage) -separated from oral cavity by oral palate & soft
palate -has a mucus membrane lining
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Conducting portion

-nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi &

bronchioles -filters air & brings it to the end -> the

respiratory portion

TERM 2

Respiratory portion

DEFINITION 2

-alveoli

TERM 3

Functions

DEFINITION 3

-gas exchange -moves air to and from exchange surface -

protects respiratory surfaces from damages (dehydration,

temperature, pathogens) -defense -produces sounds -

produce sounds -regulates the blood volume, pH, and

pressure

TERM 4

external nose

DEFINITION 4

-cartilage: lateral nasal, major & minor alar cartilage -nasal

bone -external nares; nostrils -encloses nasal vestibule:

protected by hairs, opens into the nasal cavity, divided by

the nasal septum opens into the nasal cavity

TERM 5

nasal cavity

DEFINITION 5

-starts at nasal vestibule & end at the internal nares -divided

by nasal septum (made oh ethmoid, vomer, & septal

cartilage) -separated from oral cavity by oral palate & soft

palate -has a mucus membrane lining

olfactory region

-superior regions -all areas with olfactory receptors:

cribriform plate, superior nasal concha, superior septum

TERM 7

Lateral walls

DEFINITION 7

-have concha, -3 projections; ethmoid bone, inferior nasal

concha -grooves are called meatuses -divides nasal cavity

into passageways, supports mucous membranes, increase

surface area, increases turbulence: filters out airborne

particles

TERM 8

Sinuses

DEFINITION 8

-air-filled sacs located in several bones of the skull (maxillae,

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid) -open into nasal cavity; lined with

mucous membrane -decreases weight of skull by producing

resonant chambers

TERM 9

Pharynx

DEFINITION 9

-throat, a shared passageway for respiratory & digestive

system -nasopharynx: above uvula & posterior to internal

nares -oropharynx: portion visible in a mirror -larynopharynx:

between hyoid & esophagus -passage for food, air, and place

of sound production

TERM 10

Layers of Respiratory Tree

DEFINITION 10

-mucosa: goblet cells in pseudo-stratified columnar

epithelium -submucosa: areolar CT, serous & mucous glands

-hyaline cartilage -trachealis muscle: transverse &

longitudinal smooth muscle, and you move closer to the

lungs there is more muscle

Lungs

-occupy most of thoracic cavity, surrounded by membranes -

parietal pleura (outer) -pleural cavity (in between) -visceral

cavity (attached to lung) -structures include -apex & base -

hilus: where all vessels & bronchi enter; indentation -lobes

(left=2, right = 3, fissures separate them) -lobules

TERM 17

pulmonary ventilation

DEFINITION 17

-moving air in & out of lungs

TERM 18

external respiration

DEFINITION 18

-gas exchange between pulmonary blood & alveoli -alveoli

put O2 into blood stream

TERM 19

respiratory gas transport

DEFINITION 19

-transport of oxygen & carbon via blood

TERM 20

internal respiration

DEFINITION 20

-gas exchange between blood & tissues

Steps in Breathing

-volume change in thoracic cavity->pressure change-> gas flow in to equalize pressure(size changes first)->inspiration(diaphragm, external intercostals & scalene muscles contract, thoracic cavity expands, pressure in pleural cavity decreases; active process)->air moves into lungs balancing pressure difference(expands to lower pressure, 2 membranes expand, muscles relax, thoracic cavity shrinks)-

expiration(passive process; pressure in pleural cavity increase, lungs are compressed, air moves out to equalize pressure)-> as muscles relax

air is pushed out of lungs -when you push air out it is by contracting intercostal muscles