Download Respiratory System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
What |is |the |purpose |of |the |cilia?
a. |Warm |and |moisturize |inhaled |air.
b. |Sweep |debris |toward |nasal |cavity.
c. |Stimulate |cough |reflex.
d. |Produce |mucus. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Sweep |debris |toward |nasal |cavity.
What |happens |when |there |is |a |decrease |in |the |oxygen |level |in |the |blood?
a. |Pituitary |stimulates |the |respiratory |system |to |increase |respiratory |rate.
b. |The |alveoli |diffuse |more |oxygen |into |the |blood.
c. |Chemoreceptors |in |the |carotid |body |and |aortic |body |stimulate |the |respiratory |centers |to |modify |respiratory |rates.
d. |The |parietal |pleura |increases |the |negative |pressure. |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Chemoreceptors |in |the |carotid |body |and |aortic |body |stimulate |the |respiratory |centers |to |modify |respiratory |rates.
A |patient |problem |for |the |patient |with |a |new |laryngectomy |would |be |Social |isolation |related |to |impaired |verbal |communication |related |to |removal |of |the |larynx. |What |is |an |appropriate |nursing |intervention?
a. |Complete |care |quickly.
b. |Provide |a |pad |and |pencil |or |magic |slate.
c. |Refrain |from |conversations |with |the |patient |to |reduce |stress |level.
d. |Offer |books |or |jigsaw |puzzles |for |entertainment. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Provide |a |pad |and |pencil |or |magic |slate.
A |55-year-old |man |comes |to |the |health |nurse |at |his |place |of |work |with |epistaxis. |He |reports |he |has |frequent |nosebleeds |that |he |can |usually |control |himself. |What |would |be |the |most |helpful |assessment |after |the |nurse |has |stopped |the |bleeding?
a. |Obtain |a |blood |pressure.
b. |Record |the |approximate |amount |of |blood |lost.
c. |Inquire |about |a |headache.
d. |Record |the |last |episode |of |epistaxis. |- |correct |answer |✔a. |Obtain |a |blood |pressure.
The |nurse |assessing |an | 11 |year |old |who |is |having |an |asthma |attack |expects |to |hear |adventitious |sounds |of:
a. |friction |rub.
b. |sibilant |wheezes.
c. |crackles.
d. |sonorous |wheezes. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |sibilant |wheezes.
How |will |the |kidneys |behave |in |respiratory |acidosis?
a. |Retain |bicarbonate |to |increase |the |pH.
b. |Excrete |more |urine |to |reduce |potassium.
c. |Concentrate |the |urine |to |conserve |circulating |fluid |in |the |bloodstream.
d. |Lower |the |pH |by |excretion |of |bicarbonate. |- |correct |answer |✔a. |Retain |bicarbonate |to |increase |the |pH.
a. |An |increase |in |the |lateromedial |area |from |hypertrophy |of |mucous |glands |in |the
bronchi
b. |An |increased |anteroposterior |diameter |caused |by |overinflation |of |the |alveoli
c. |A |decrease |in |anteroposterior |diameter |caused |by |chronic |dilation |of |the |bronchi
d. |A |widening |of |the |sternocostal |area |secondary |to |chronic |constriction |of |smooth
muscles |in |the |airways |leading |to |bronchospasms |- |correct |answer |✔b. |An |increased |anteroposterior |diameter |caused |by |overinflation |of |the |alveoli
A |patient, |age |22, |is |admitted |with |acute |asthma. |The |patient |shows |a |pulse |oximetry |level |of |SaO2 |of |82%. |How |should |the |nurse |interpret |this?
a. |Only |82% |of |the |red |blood |cells |are |able |to |use |oxygen.
b. |There |is |only |82% |of |oxygen |bound |to |the |hemoglobin |compared |with |the |amount
available.
c. |Eighteen |percent |of |oxygen |is |not |dissolved |in |the |blood. |d. |The |muscular |respiratory |effort |is |only |18% |effective.
d. |The |muscular |respiratory |effort |is |only |18% |effective. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |There |is |only |82% |of |oxygen |bound |to |the |hemoglobin |compared |with |the |amount
available.
What |is |the |appropriate |nursing |intervention |for |a |patient, |age |40, |who |is |diagnosed |with |active |tuberculosis?
a. |Place |the |patient |in |drainage |and |secretion |precautions |
b. |Place |the |patient |in |acid-fast |bacillus |(AFB) |Isolation |Precautions.
c. |Maintain |the |patient |in |enteric |isolation.
d. |Place |the |patient |in |any |Isolation |Precautions. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Place |the |patient |in |acid-fast |bacillus |(AFB) |Isolation |Precautions.
How |should |the |newly |diagnosed |patient |who |has |been |prescribed |isoniazid |(INH) |for |the |treatment |of |active |tuberculosis |(TB) |be |advised?
a. |Report |redness |and |swelling |of |extremities.
b. |Accept |that |the |therapy |is |long |term.
c. |Monitor |renal |function |every |several |months.
d. |Rise |slowly |to |avoid |dizziness. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Accept |that |the |therapy |is |long |term.
The |patient |has |advanced |emphysema |and |complains |of |dyspnea |and |fatigue. |What |would |the |most |appropriate |nursing |intervention |be |for |the |patient |problem |of |activity |intolerance |related |to |an |imbalance |between |the |oxygen |supply |and |demand?
a. |Direct |patient |in |vigorous |independent |ROM.
b. |Allow |to |exercise |until |respirations |are |over | 20 |breaths/min |over |baseline.
c. |Plan |care |to |provide |optimum |rest.
d. |Provide |frequent |cool |showers. |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Plan |care |to |provide |optimum |rest.
A |patient |is |on |postoperative |day | 2 |after |undergoing |a |total |hip |replacement. |The |patient |suddenly |complains |of |chest |pain |and |is |coughing |up |blood-tinged |sputum. |What |should |be |the |nurse's |initial |intervention?
a. |Report |signs |to |the |charge |nurse.
What |is |a |major |advantage |of |video-assisted |thoracoscopic |surgery |(VATS)?
a. |The |surgeon |can |record |entire |surgical |procedure |on |a |video.
b. |The |surgeon |can |remove |tumors |of |the |lung |through |a |small |keyhole |incision
c. |The |surgeon |can |x-ray |and |excise |tumor |in |the |same |procedure.
d. |The |surgeon |can |avoid |the |use |of |a |closed |chest |drainage |system |after |surgery. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |The |surgeon |can |remove |tumors |of |the |lung |through |a |small |keyhole |incision
How |would |the |nurse |examining |a |patient |with |pleurisy |document |a |low- pitched |grating |lung |sound?
a. |Sonorous |wheeze
b. |Friction |rub
c. |Coarse |crackles
d. |Crackles |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Friction |rub
What |is |inspiratory |capacity?
a. |The |amount |of |air |in |the |lung |after |a |maximal |inhalation
b. |The |amount |of |air |moved |with |each |normal |inhalation |and |expiration
c. |The |amount |of |air |that |can |be |inhaled |in |one |breath |from |the |resting |expiratory
level
d. |The |amount |of |air |that |can |be |forcefully |exhaled |after |maximum |inhalation |- |correct |answer |✔c. |The |amount |of |air |that |can |be |inhaled |in |one |breath |from |the |resting |expiratory
level
The |older |adult |patient |with |long-term |emphysema |complains |of |a |sharp |pleuritic |pain |after |a |severe |period |of |coughing. |The |patient's |heart |rate |and |respiratory |rate |have |increased. |Auscultation |reveals |no |breath |sounds |on |the |left |side. |These |are |signs |and |symptoms |of |what |condition?
a. |Pulmonary |embolus
b. |Spontaneous |pneumothorax
c. |Early |signs |of |unilateral |pneumonia
d. |An |attack |of |asthma |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Spontaneous |pneumothorax
Which |important |precaution |should |the |nurse |include |when |instructing |an |emphysema |patient |on |the |use |of |home |oxygen?
a. |Use |oxygen |only |when |extremely |short |of |breath.
b. |Keep |the |home |oxygen |regulator |set |on | 6 |L.
c. |Use |home |oxygen |at |night |while |sleeping.
d. |Limit |to | 1 |to | 2 |L |oxygen |flow. |- |correct |answer |✔d. |Limit |to | 1 |to | 2 |L |oxygen |flow.
The |young |man |who |had |a |bronchoscopy | 1 |hour |ago |asks |when |he |can |eat. |Which |response |would |be |most |helpful?
a. |In | 24 |hours, |but |must |take |cold |liquids |for |the |rest |of |the |day
b. |If |there |is |no |blood |in |his |sputum
c. |In | 8 |hours |after |a |period |of |nothing |by |mouth
d. |When |the |gag |reflex |returns |- |correct |answer |✔d. |When |the |gag |reflex |returns
a. |High |Fowler
b. |Semi-Fowler
c. |Side |lying |on |unaffected |side
d. |Prone |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Side |lying |on |unaffected |side
What |should |the |nurse |do |to |keep |the |chest |tubes |from |becoming |occluded?
a. |Irrigate |tubes |as |needed.
b. |Prevent |dependent |loops.
c. |Loop |the |tube |over |the |bed |rail.
d. |"Milk" |the |tube |frequently. |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Prevent |dependent |loops.
Which |patient |assessment |indicates |the |most |severe |respiratory |distress?
a. |Nasal |flaring, |symmetrical |chest |wall |expansion, |SaO2 |88%
b. |Abdominal |breathing, |SaO2 |97%
c. |Substernal |retraction, |SaO2 |84%
d. |Substernal |retraction, |SaO2 |90% |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Substernal |retraction, |SaO2 |84%
The |nurse |traces |the |path |of |unoxygenated |blood |through |the |respiratory |system |to |the |distribution |of |oxygenated |blood |to |the |body. |What |is |the |second |step |in |the |reoxygenation |process?
a. |Pulmonary |artery |takes |blood |to |capillary |system |of |the |alveoli.
b. |Blood |enters |the |left |atria |via |the |pulmonary |vein.
c. |Blood |enter |the |left |ventricle.
d. |Unoxygenated |blood |enters |the |right |ventricle.
e. |Blood |enters |the |aorta.
f. |CO2 |diffused |and |oxygen |infused |into |the |blood |in |alveoli.
g. |Unoxygenated |blood |enters |the |right |atrium. |- |correct |answer |✔d. |Unoxygenated |blood |enters |the |right |ventricle.
The |nurse |describes |the |pathophysiologic |process |of |an |asthma |attack. |What |is |the |second
step |in |the |process?
a. |Inflammatory |process |in |the |mast |cells |of |the |lungs
b. |Increase |in |edema |and |mucus |production |in |the |bronchioles
c. |Release |of |histamine
d. |Narrowing |of |the |airways
e. |Exposure |to |allergen |- |correct |answer |✔a. |Inflammatory |process |in |the |mast |cells |of |the |lungs
Which |preoperative |teaching |should |a |nurse |include |for |a |person |scheduled |for |a |partial |laryngectomy? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Tracheal |suction |will |be |frequent.
b. |The |presence |of |a |temporary |tracheotomy.
c. |That |isolation |will |be |required |for | 24 |hours.
d. |The |surgery |involves |removal |of |a |diseased |vocal |cord.
e. |Some |speech |will |be |retained.
f. |The |sense |of |smell |and |taste |will |be |lost. |- |correct |answer |✔A,B,D,E
Which |independent |nursing |measures |are |effective |in |aiding |a |patient |to |expectorate? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |PaO2 |rising |in |the |good |lung.
b. |blood |flow |to |"bad |lung" |being |increased.
c. |the |dependent |lung |being |better |perfused.
d. |dyspnea |disappearing.
e. |decreased |hypoxia. |- |correct |answer |✔A,C,E
The |_________ |are |the |structures |of |the |lung |in |which |gas |exchange |occurs. |- |correct |answer |✔Alveoli
The |nurse |prepares |a |patient |for |the |procedure |of |a(n) |__________, |which |will |remove |the |fluid |from |around |the |lung |to |improve |respiration |and |obtain |a |specimen. |- |correct |answer |✔Thoracentesis
The |nurse |explains |that |the |opening |between |the |vocal |cords |is |the |__________. |- |correct |answer |✔Glottis
The |nurse |recognizes |that |the |_______ |reading |in |an |arterial |gas |report |indicates |the |amount
of |oxygen |dissolved |in |the |plasma. |- |correct |answer |✔PaO
The |nurse |explains |that |the |diagnostic |test |that |can |scan |the |chest |and |the |abdomen |in |less |than | 30 |seconds |is |the |_____________ |CT |scan. |- |correct |answer |✔Spiral
Which |is |a |serious |adverse |effect |of |decongestants?
a. |Hypotension
b. |Hypertension
c. |Orbital |edema
d. |Facial |flushing |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Hypertension
The |nurse |is |teaching |a |patient |about |the |administration |of |antihistamines. |The |nurse |will |instruct |the |patient |to |take |the |medication |at |what |time |of |day?
a. |PRN |throughout |the |day
b. |After |contact |with |an |allergen
c. | 45 |minutes |before |exposure |to |an |allergen
d. |Once |nasal |congestion |begins |- |correct |answer |✔c. | 45 |minutes |before |exposure |to |an |allergen
What |can |result |if |a |patient |overuses |topical |decongestants?
a. |Hypertensive |crisis
b. |Allergic |reaction
c. |Secondary |congestion
d. |Permanent |olfactory |damage |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Secondary |congestion
A |patient |at |sports |camp |is |complaining |of |itchy |and |watery |eyes, |coughing, |and |sneezing |when |outdoors. |The |patient's |chart |states |that |he |has |an |allergy |to |grasses. |Which |medication |will |the |nurse |administer?
a. |Antitussive
b. |Expectorant
c. |Antihistamine |d. |Decongestant |- |correct |answer |✔b. |Expectorant
c. |Suppression |of |histamine
d. |Release |of |histamine |- |correct |answer |✔d. |Release |of |histamine
Which |instruction |will |the |nurse |include |when |teaching |a |patient |with |seasonal |rhinitis |and |blocked |nasal |passages |about |intranasal |corticosteroid |therapy?
a. |"Clear |your |nasal |passage |after |administration."
b. |"Anticipate |a |therapeutic |benefit |within | 24 |hours."
c. |"Use |a |decongestant |prior |to |administration."
d. |"Report |nasal |burning |to |your |healthcare |provider." |- |correct |answer |✔c. |"Use |a |decongestant |prior |to |administration."
The |clinic |nurse |is |assessing |a |patient |being |seen |for |a |severe |allergic |reaction |to |environmental |allergens. |Which |symptom |should |the |nurse |prioritize |as |the |most |important? |a. |Hypotension
b. |Urticaria
c. |Dyspnea
d. |Rhinorrhea |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Dyspnea
A |college |student |is |being |seen |at |an |outpatient |clinic |with |reports |of |allergic |rhinitis |and |conjunctivitis. |The |healthcare |provider |orders |fexofenadine. |When |providing |information |regarding |this |medication, |the |nurse |will |include |statements |indicating |that:
a. |fexofenadine |is |one |of |the |least |sedating |antihistamines.
b. |tolerance |will |not |develop.
c. |antihistamines |are |more |effective |if |taken |after |histamine |is |released.
d. |histamine |release |will |be |prevented |by |this |medication. |- |correct |answer |✔a. |fexofenadine |is |one |of |the |least |sedating |antihistamines.
When |does |allergic |rhinitis |occur? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Nasal |mucosa |become |inflamed.
b. |Exposure |as |a |result |of |an |allergen |produces |inflammation.
c. |Histamine |is |released |following |allergen |exposure.
d. |The |weather |is |cold |during |the |winter.
e. |A |person |has |an |initial |exposure |to |an |antigen. |- |correct |answer |✔A,B,C
Which |action(s) |is/are |true |of |antihistamines? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |Reduce |inflammation |locally.
b. |Antagonize |H1 |receptors.
c. |May |be |administered |orally.
d. |Are |systemically |distributed.
e. |Reduce |nasal |congestion. |- |correct |answer |✔A,B,C,D
The |nurse |is |preparing |education |for |a |patient |who |has |developed |rebound |nasal |congestion |resulting |from |use |of |topical |decongestants. |What |information |will |the |nurse |include? |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |For |future |topical |decongestant |use, |follow |the |dosage |directions |daily. |Do |not
overuse.
b. |Stop |the |topical |decongestant |at |once.
c. |A |decrease |in |congestion |will |occur |immediately.
b. |Prednisone |(Deltasone)
c. |Fluticasone |(Flonase)
d. |Flunisolide |(Nasarel)
e. |Budesonide |(Rhinocort |Aqua) |- |correct |answer |✔A,C,D,E
The |nurse |is |providing |counseling |to |a |patient |on |cromolyn |sodium |(Nasalcrom) |nasal |spray. |Information |relayed |to |the |patient |will |include |that: |(Select |all |that |apply.)
a. |cromolyn |must |be |taken |immediately |following |exposure |to |the |stimulus.
b. |the |patient |should |blow |the |nose |before |nasal |instillation.
c. |therapeutic |effects |are |immediate.
d. |inhalation |will |cause |coughing.
e. |the |maximum |is |six |sprays |in |each |nostril |daily. |- |correct |answer |✔B,E
A |patient |has |questions |regarding |a |recently |prescribed |antitussive |agent. |Which |response |by |the |nurse |is |the |best?
a. |"It |will |eliminate |your |cough |at |night."
b. |"It |will |reduce |the |frequency |of |your |cough."
c. |"It |should |be |used |in |the |morning."
d. |"It |should |be |taken |before |sleep." |- |correct |answer |✔b. |"It |will |reduce |the |frequency |of |your |cough."
Which |is |a |common |expectorant |in |over-the-counter |medications? |
a. |Dextromethorphan
b. |Diphenhydramine |
c. |Guaifenesin
d. |Codeine |- |correct |answer |✔c. |Guaifenesin
What |is |the |reason |for |administering |sodium |chloride |to |a |patient |with |emphysema?
a. |To |increase |blood |sodium |levels
b. |To |decrease |mucus |viscosity
c. |To |reduce |metabolic |needs |of |the |body
d. |To |decrease |bronchial |irritation |- |correct |answer |✔b. |To |decrease |mucus |viscosity
Within |minutes |of |the |initiation |of |a |nebulizer |treatment |with |a |sympathomimetic |bronchodilator, |the |patient |turns |on |his |call |light |and |states |that |he |feels |"panicky" |and |his |heart |is |racing. |Which |action |will |the |nurse |take?
a. |Reassure |the |patient |this |is |expected.
b. |Add |more |diluents |to |the |nebulizer.
c. |Administer |a |sedative.
d. |Stop |treatment |and |notify |the |healthcare |provider. |- |correct |answer |✔d. |Stop |treatment |and |notify |the |healthcare |provider.
Premedication |assessments |before |the |use |of |anticholinergic |bronchodilating |agents |should |verify |that |the |patient |has |no |history |of |which |condition?
a. |Diabetes
b. |Hypertension
c. |Liver |disease
