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Review of All EMT Concepts National Registry Test 2025 Review of All EMT Concepts National Registry Test 2025 Review of All EMT Concepts National Registry Test 2025
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Bronchodilator
systolic
not fall between 8<x<
carbon dioxide. Very prone to upper resp. diseases like pneumonia.
sufficiently to meet the body's needs. Commonly caused by MI. Pulmonary edema & rales from fluid, sit patient upright (High fowlers, legs down) and administer high flow O2 via NRB mask.
throughout the blood stream and is blocking an artery of the lung.
compresses lung and causes dypsnea. Stems from infection, CHF or cancer.
trauma. Pressure in pleural pace keeps lungs inflated, pleuritic chest pain. Collapsed lung.
Blockage or spasm of blood vessel (clots), signs & symptoms must be gone within 24 hours.
cerebral hypoxia. Lasts less than 30 seconds, should then be immediately alert and oriented. From vagal stimulation. (Fainting)
(what most people think of when they picture a seizure).
before the seizure occurs.
seizure. Breathing may cease or decrease
phase.
grand mal seizure, the patient is altered, disoriented, and recovering.
blood/oxygen flow. EX: clot, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade. Inhibits heart from beating properly.
correctly (don't confuse with obstructive shock, there is no outside agent here). Pulmonary edema
with brain/spinal cord, can't communicate with site of injury's blood vessels.
and sac, usually from blunt or penetrating trauma. Blood leaks into pericardium and accumulates in sac, compresses heart. BECK'S TRIAD
Vein Distention, Muffled heart sounds, Widening systolic/diastolic BP.
Damage to lung tissue. Air that's usually in the lungs escapes into chest cavity, applying pressure to heart and organs. Complete lung collapse on affected side. JVD
ruptures all internal organs. Secondary: metal particles from bomb hit & injure you Tertiary: Being thrown by force to the ground or against the wall.
ligaments
STrain: T for TENDON, overstretching/damaging tendon.
Tendon: muscle to bone connection
into cell spaces between them. This fluid pressure compresses tissue and increases muscle pressure. Leads to muscle & nerve damage and pain out of proportion to the injury. Potential complication of fracture.
trapped/crushed 4+ hours and artery flow is poor. metabolic derangement, Renal failure and sometimes death.
internal bleeding.
angulation/deformity.
Female reproductive organs -large & small intestines
same symptoms as ICP.
skull and dura mater (outermost layer), almost always because of linear fracture. Lucid intervals of LOC
BENEATH dura mater, outside brain. More common than epidural. Fluctuating LOC or slurred speech.
High mortality rate
free floating segment of the chest wall, other internal injuries probably present. Splint using a pillow or towel.
partially blocking upper airway -wheezing: constriction of bronchioles in lungs -gurgling: fluid in UPPER airway -stridor/crowing: partial UPPER airway obstruction
-Propoxyphene (Darvon) -Heroin, morphine, codeine, meperidine (Demerol) These type of drugs suppress the CNS, depressing the respiratory system, heart rate and blood pressure.
Ventilate 40-60 bpm when their heart rate is less than 100bpm. CPR when heart rate is below 60 bpm.
eyes (2 points) Opens eyes in response to painful stimuli
(3 points) Opens eyes in response to voice (4 points) Opens eyes spontaneously
sound (2 points) Incomprehensible sounds (3 points)Utters inappropriate words (4 points) Confused and disoriented (5 points) Oriented, converses normally
movement (2 points) Extension to painful stimuli ---> Decerebrate response (3 points) Abnormal flexion to painful stimuli --->Decorticate response (4 points) Flexion/withdrawal to painful stimuli (5 points) Localizes painful stimuli (6 points) Obeys commands
the cause (not air). Something that can bleed has been damaged, so now blood fills the chest cavity.
TAMPONADE. Peri=around & cardial=heart. Rapid accumulation of fluid around the heart, leading to pressure around the heart so it can't expand and pump adequately. BECKS TRIAD
ends when infant is born.
with delivery of placenta.
system to the baby.
trendelenberg position, high flow oxygen for mom. Leave limb out and transport, c section is required.
does. Left lateral trendelenberg and use hand to keep baby from compressing it (it should be pulsating, this means the baby is getting oxygen). Can use knee-chest position too.
pelvis.
after delivery. FUNDAL MASSAGE and put infant to breast. Place pad over vaginal opening and treat for shock, elevate hips.
decomposes/mummifies.
above the vocal cords, mistaken for croup. Most commonly in children. High grade fever >
laryngotracheal bronchitis. sounds like a "seal bark"
spinal cord & brain). Flu like symptoms with Nuchal rigidity (stiff neck) and body rash of anterior trunk
bpm
You have been called to the top of a mountain resort for a patient that is complaining of a sudden onset of shortness of breath and coughing. Your assessment of the patient reveals an anxious patient with basilar crackles in his lungs. The patient's vital signs include a heart rate of 136, respirations of 28, and a blood pressure of 176/94 mmHg. What is your field diagnosis of this patient? High altitude pulmonary edema New onset congestive heart failure Pneumonia
pulmonary edema, a result of increased pulmonary pressure and hypertension caused by changes in blood flow at high altitudes.