Scatter Radiation and X-Ray Beam Restrictors: Understanding the Impact and Solutions, Summaries of Radiography

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SCATTER

RADIATION AND

X-RAY BEAM

RESTRICTORSVarun Bijay Joshi

Enrollment no: 19FMDRI

WHAT IS SCATTER

RADIATION?

 Scatter radiation refers to secondary x-rays that scatter after

exposure this a major imagedegrading factor in radiography.

This is a dangerous form of x-ray radiation that poses risks for

health care personnel.

 In short: is the radiation that spreads out in different directions

from a Radiation beam when the beam interacts with a

substance, such as body tissue.

They have low energy than the original radiation beam but

can still accumulate in the body O er time, leading to severe

and chronic health conditions.

1. APERTURE DIAPHRAMS

2. CONES AND CYLINDERS

3. COLLIMATORS

1) APERTURE DIAPHRAMS

• This ks made up of a sheet of lead with a hole at it’s centre this is the the simplest type. The advantage of it, is because of it’s simplicity, whereby the lead is soft, the APERTURE can be easily altered to any desirable size and shape. The disadvantage is that, the penumbra at the periphery of the x-ray field is large.

2) CONES AND CYLINDERS

• Cones are flare shaped while cylinders are basically beam restrictors at the far end of the barrel so less penumbra is achieved. The diagrams below are cones and cylinders.

 (^) Extras: New innovations in X-ray machines have something called an automatic collimator. Whereby automatic collimator have ;  (^) Positive beam lighting devices  (^) Shutters areotor driven  (^) When the cassette is loaded into the film holder, sensors will identify the alignment of the cassette.  (^) The information relayed to the collimator motors, which will move the shutters  (^) These devices must be accurate to within 2% of the source to image distance (SID)

CONCLUSION: Function of x-ray beam restrictors;

1. Patient protection
2. To decrease scatter radiation 1) PATIENT PROTECTION - This simply means protecting the patient from unnecessary radiation. Meaning for instance via collimator, the smaller the X-ray field the smaller the volume of the patient is irridated. 2) DECREASE SCATTER RADIATION

• The quantity of radiation reaching the film is directly proportional to the field size. Also it is important to note that; x-ray field of 30×30cm or more is directly proportional to maximum production of scatter radiation.