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Science Bowl Questions โ Biology, Set 2
- Multiple Choice: The adult human of average age and size has approximately how many quarts ofblood? Is it:
a) 4b) 6 c) 8d) 10
ANSWER: B -- 6
- Multiple Choice: Once the erythrocytes enter the blood in humans, it is estimated that they have anaverage lifetime of how many days. Is it:
a) 10 days b) 120 daysc) 200 days d) 360 days ANSWER: B -- 120 Days
- Multiple Choice: Of the following, which mechanisms are important in the death of erythrocytes (pron: eh-rith-reh-sites) in human blood? Is it a) phagocytosis (pron: fag-eh-seh-toe-sis) b) hemolysisc) mechanical damage d) all of the above ANSWER: D -- all of the above
- Multiple Choice: Surplus red blood cells, needed to meet an emergency, are MAINLY stored in what organ of the human body? Is it the: a) pancreasb) spleen c) liver d) kidneys ANSWER: B โ spleen
- Multiple Choice: When a human donor gives a pint of blood, it usually requires how many weeks forthe body RESERVE of red corpuscles to be replaced? Is it:
a) 1 weekb) 3 weeks c) 7 weeksd) 21 weeks
ANSWER: C -- 7 weeks
- Short Answer: There are three substances found in human blood which carry oxygen and which beginwith the letter "H". Name two of these substances.
ANSWER: Hemoglobin, Hemocyanin, Hemerythrin
- Multiple Choice: The several types of white blood cells are sometime collectively referred to as:
a) erythrocytes (pron: eh-rith-row-cites)b) leukocytes (pron: lew-kah-cites) c) erythroblasts (pron: eh-rith-rah-blast) d) thrombocytes (pron: throm-bow-cites) ANSWER: B -- leukocytes
- Multiple Choice: The condition in which there is a DECREASE in the number of white blood cells inhumans is known as:
a) leukocytosis (pron: lew-kO-sigh-toe-sis)b) leukopenia (pron: lew-kO-pea-nee-ah) c) leukemia (pron: lew-kee-me-ah) d) leukohyperia (pron: lew-kO-high-per-e-ah) ANSWER: B -- leukopenia
- Multiple Choice: The smallest of the FORMED elements of the blood are the: a) white cells b) red cellsc) platelets d) erythrocytes ANSWER: C โ platelets
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements concerning platelets is INCORRECT. Platelets: a) contain DNA b) are roughly disk-shapedc) have little ability to synthesize proteins d) are between 1/2 and 1/3 the diameter of the red cell ANSWER: A -- contain DNA
- Short Answer: What is the primary function of the platelets in huma blood? ANSWER: clotting or blocking leaks from blood vessels
- Multiple Choice: When a wound occurs in humans, the platelets in the blood activate a substancewhich starts the clotting process. The substance which starts the clotting is:
a) adenosine (pron: ah-den-ah-seen)b) histamine c) lecithin (pron: less-ah-thin)d) thrombin
ANSWER: D -- Thrombin
- Multiple Choice: When looking at the cross section of the human tibia, one finds the RED marrow inthe:
a) medullary cavity b) cancellous bonec) periosteum d) epiphysis ANSWER: A -- medullary cavity
- Short Answer: This disease, caused by infection with the gram-negative Yersinia pestis, is transmittedby fleas from rats to humans What is the more common name for this disease?
ANSWER: Bubonic Plague or Black Death
- Short Answer: In the mammalian body, this element plays many important roles. Try to identify thiselement with the fewest number of clues. This element is required to insure the integrity and permeability of cell membranes, to regulate nerve and muscle excitability, to help maintain normalmuscular contraction, and to assure cardiac rhythmicity. It also plays a essential role in several of the enzymatic steps involved in blood coagulation and is the most important element of bone salt. Name this element. ANSWER: Calcium
- Multiple Choice: What eight-letter name starting with the letter "O" is given to that branch of medical science concerned with the study of tumors? ANSWER: Oncology
- Short Answer: In the more highly developed animals, such as humans this gas is used to regulate the activity of the heart, the blood vessels, and the respiratory system. WORKING MUSCLES PRODUCEA LARGE AMOUNT OF THI SUBSTANCE. Narcosis due to this gas is characterized by mental disturbances which can include confusion, headache, low blood pressure and hypothermia. Name thisgas.
ANSWER: Carbon Dioxide or CO
- Multiple Choice: Cariology is the study of the: a) human heartb) tooth decay c) kidneys d) liver ANSWER: B -- Tooth Decay
- Short Answer: The larval form of butterflies and moths is more commonly known as what? ANSWER: caterpillar
- Short Answer: Name the sac-like, blind pouch of the large intestine, situated below the level of the junction of the small intestine into the side of the large intestine. At the lower portion of this pouch onefinds the appendix.
ANSWER: Cecum or Caecum
- Multiple Choice: During the final stage of cell division, the mitotic apparatus disappears, thechromosomes become attenuated, the centrioles duplicate and split, the nuclear membrane becomes reconstituted and the nucleolus reappears. This phase of cell division is known as: a) prophase (pron: prO-phase) b) metaphasec) anaphase d) telophase ANSWER: D -- Telophase
- Multiple Choice: In cell division, the phase following the metaphas is known as:
a) prophaseb) anaphase c) telophase d) extophase ANSWER: B -- Anaphase
- Short Answer: All cells of an organism find their lineage from a single fertilized cell. This singlefertilized cell is called what?
ANSWER: Zygote
- Multiple Choice: Name the clear watery liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and fills the four cavities or ventricles of the brain. ANSWER: Cerebrospinal Fluid
- Multiple Choice: The order of insects which includes beetles is known as: a) Coleoptera (pron: kO-lee-op-teh-rah) b) Orthoptera (pron: or-tho-op-teh-rah)c) Hymenoptera (pron: high-meh-nop-teh-rah) d) Diptera (pron: dip-teh-rah) ANSWER: A -- Coleoptera
- Multiple Choice: This major protein component of connective tissue in mammals comprises most ofthe organic matter of skin, tendons, bones, and teeth, and occurs as fibrous inclusions in most other body structures. Is this material: a) elastinb) collagen c) fatty acidsd) keratin
ANSWER: B -- collagen
- Multiple Choice: Sickle cell anemia and Huntington's chorea are both: a) virus-related diseasesb) bacteria-related diseases c) congenital disordersd) none of the above
ANSWER: C -- Congenital Disorders
- Multiple Choice: In most species of Paramecium there are how many contractile vacuoles? Is it: a) oneb) two c) three d) four ANSWER: B โ Two
- Multiple Choice: The major fibrous proteins are: a) peptone and edestin b) glutelin and leucine
b) pineal glandc) liver d) pituitary gland ANSWER: B -- PINEAL GLAND
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements is TRUE of insulin? Is it: a) secreted by the pancreasb) a protein c) involved in the metabolism of glucosed) all of the above
ANSWER: D -- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Multiple Choice: Select the hormone INCORRECTLY paired with its target. a) TSH - thyroid glandb) ACTH - anterior pituitary c) LH - ovary or testis d) MSH - melanocytes (pron: meh-lan-o-cite) ANSWER: D -- MSH โ MELANOCYTES
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following tissues secrete hormones? a) pancreasb) ovaries c) gastro-intestinal tract d) all of the above ANSWER: D -- ALL OF THE ABOVE
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is directly attached to the ovary? a) oviduct b) uterusc) suspensory ligaments d) vagina ANSWER: C -- SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS
- Multiple Choice: Fertilization of the ovum by the sperm usually occurs in the: a) oviductb) vagina c) uterusd) ovary
ANSWER: A -- OVIDUCT
- Multiple Choice: The corpeus luteum secretes: a) HCG b) LHc) FSH d) progesterone ANSWER: D -- PROGESTERONE
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following does sperm NOT travel through? a) ureterb) urethra c) vas deferensd) epididymus
ANSWER: A โ URETER
- Multiple Choice: The placenta in humans is derived from the: a) embryo onlyb) uterus only c) endometrium and embryod) none of the above
ANSWER: C -- ENDOMETRIUM AND EMBRYO
- Multiple Choice: The number of mature gametes resulting from meiosis in the female is: a) 1b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 ANSWER: A -- 1
- Multiple Choice: Synapsis and crossing over of chromosomes occurs in which phases of meiosis? a) Interphase b) Prophasec) Meterphase d) Teleophase ANSWER: B -- PROPHASE
- Multiple Choice: A layer of dead skin cells is found in the: a) subcutaneous tissue b) dermisc) epidermis d) no dead cells are in the skin ANSWER: C -- EPIDERMIS
- Multiple Choice: Glial (pron: glee-el) cells are found in the: a) muscular systemb) digestive system c) endocrine system (pron: en-de-kren)
- Multiple Choice: Which type of muscle is a syncytium (pron: sin-sish-E-um)? a) skeletal b) cardiacc) smooth d) all of the above ANSWER: A -- SKELETAL
- Multiple Choice: When the potential difference across a membrane of a neuron equals the threshold, what results? a) movement of the membrane b) action potentialc) relaxation d) contraction ANSWER: B -- ACTION POTENTIAL
- Multiple Choice: What ions determine the resting potential of a nerve? a) sodium and calcium b) calcium and copperc) potassium and calcium d) sodium and potassium ANSWER: D -- SODIUM AND POTASSIUM
- Multiple Choice: Which structure does NOT play a part in the motion of cells? a) microvillib) cilia c) flagellad) pseudopodia
ANSWER: A -- MICROVILLI
- Multiple Choice: Bacteriophage (pron: back-teer-e-o-faj) are: a) bacteriab) bacteria precursors c) virusesd) agents which cause the production of bacteria
ANSWER: C -- VIRUSES
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a mode of genetic exchange within a bacterialpopulation?
a) conjugationb) transduction c) transformationd) translation
ANSWER: D -- TRANSLATION
- Multiple Choice: The blastula develops into the: a) gastrula
b) morulac) endoderm d) zygote ANSWER: A -- GASTRULA
- Multiple Choice: Tissue differentiation begins at which stage? a) zygoteb) morula c) blastulad) gastrula
ANSWER: D โ GASTRULA
- Multiple Choice: The nervous system develops from which germ layer? a) ectodermb) mesoderm c) endoderm d) none of the above ANSWER: A -- ECTODERM
- Multiple Choice: During inspiration, the diaphragm moves: a) down by contractionb) down by relaxation c) up by contraction d) up by relaxation ANSWER: A -- DOWN BY CONTRACTION
- Multiple Choice: The valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery is the: a) mitral valve b) semilunar valvec) bicuspid valve d) tricuspid valve ANSWER: A -- SEMILUNAR VALVE
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidney? a) excretion of ureab) regulation of fluids and electrolytes c) elimination of toxic substancesd) defecation
ANSWER: D -- DEFECATION
- Multiple Choice: When CO2 (carbon dioxide) is dissolved in water, it yields a solution that: a) has acidic propertiesb) has basic properties c) is neutral ANSWER: A -- HAS ACIDIC PROPERTIES
d) endoplasma ANSWER: B -- NUCLEUS
- Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of symbiosis? a) lichen b) slime moldc) amoeba d) moss ANSWER: A -- LICHEN
- Multiple Choice: Oxygen enters the body of a grasshopper through: a) gillsb) spinnerets c) spiraclesd) book lungs
ANSWER: C -- SPIRACLES
- Multiple Choice: A heart with a single atrium and single ventricle is a characteristic of adult: a) amphibians b) arthropods c) birdsd) fish
ANSWER: D -- FISH
- Short Answer: Name the four main excretory organs identified in man. ANSWER: SKIN, KIDNEYS, LUNGS, INTESTINAL TRACT
- Multiple Choice: The physical appearance and properties of an organism which is the expression of the genetic makeup is called the: a) phenotype b) pangenesisc) parental trait d) genotype ANSWER: A -- PHENOTYPE
- Short Answer: How many nucleotides make up a codon (pron: kO-don)? ANSWER: 3
- Multiple Choice: The complex of sugar polymers and proteins which are patchily distributed on theplasma membranes of animal cells is called
a) cellulose b) chitinc) glyocalyx d) cytoskeleton ANSWER: C -- GLYOCALYX
- Short Answer: During cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized completely to what two compounds? ANSWER: CO2 (CARBON DIOXIDE) AND H2O (WATER)
- Multiple Choice: Organisms with cells containing two sets of parental chromosomes are called: a) diploid b) bisomalc) haploid d) autosomal ANSWER: A โ DIPLOID
- Multiple Choice: The type of gene interaction in which the effects of one gene override or mask theeffects of other entirely different genes is called:
a) linkage b) mutationc) pleitropy (pron: ply-ah-tropy) d) epistasis (pron: eh-pis-te-sis) ANSWER: D โ EPISTASIS
- Multiple Choice: For which of the following creatures is fat the greatest percentage of body weight? a) termite b) blue whalec) zebra d) female lion ANSWER: B -- BLUE WHALE
- Multiple Choice: Which is false regarding freshwater fish? a) their blood is hypertonic to their environmentb) they often actively take up salt c) they excrete urine hypotonic to the bloodd) their gills actively excrete salts
ANSWER: D -- THEIR GILLS ACTIVELY EXCRETE SALTS
- Multiple Choice: Neutral fats, oils and waxes may be classified as: a) lipids b) carbohydratesc) proteins d) none of the above ANSWER: A -- LIPIDS
- Short Answer: Name three basic morphologies of bacteria. ANSWER: (1) COCCI (COCCUS), (2) BACILLI (BACILLUS) or ROD, (3) SPIROCHETES or SPIRILLA or SPIRAL
- Short Answer: What is the name of the 6 carbon monosaccharide that is the universal cellular fuel of plants and animals? ANSWER: GLUCOSE (DEXTROSE)
