Docsity
Log inSign up
Docsity
Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips
Sell on Docsity
Sell on Docsity
Log inSign up

Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity

Find documents

Prepare for your exams with the study notes shared by other students like you on Docsity

Search Store documents

The best documents sold by students who completed their studies

Search through all study resources
Docsity AINEW

Summarize your documents, ask them questions, convert them into quizzes and concept maps

Explore questions

Clear up your doubts by reading the answers to questions asked by your fellow students

Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan

Share documents
download point icon20 Points

For each uploaded document

Answer questions
download point icon5 Points

For each given answer (max 1 per day)

All the ways to get free points
Get points immediately

Choose a premium plan with all the points you need

Study Opportunities

Choose your next study program

Get in touch with the best universities in the world. Search through thousands of universities and official partners

Community

Ask the community

Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts

University Rankings

Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users

Free resources

Our save-the-student-ebooks!

Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors

From our blog

Exams and Study
Go to the blog

Sensation and Perception in Psychology, Quizzes of Personality Psychology

National Institute of Mental Health and NeurosciencesPersonality Psychology

An overview of the key concepts and principles related to sensation and perception in psychology. It covers topics such as the different sensory modalities (vision, audition, touch, taste, smell, and proprioception), the processes of sensation and perception, the role of sensory receptors, the theories of color vision and hearing, depth perception, and gestalt principles of perceptual organization. The document also discusses the relationship between physical stimuli and our psychological experience, as well as the concepts of sensory adaptation, signal detection, and selective attention. This comprehensive coverage of the fundamental aspects of sensation and perception makes this document a valuable resource for students and researchers in the field of psychology, particularly those interested in the study of human sensory and perceptual processes.

Typology: Quizzes

2022/2023

Uploaded on 03/10/2024

janki-rajyaguru
janki-rajyaguru 🇮🇳

2 documents

1 / 26

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
1. Sensation is to ________ as perception is to ________.
a. vision, olfaction
b. conscious, unconscious
c. awareness, interpretation
d.taste, vision
2. Visual accommodation involves a change in which structure?
a. lens
b. cornea
c. retina
d. fovea
3. If object A overlaps object B we perceive object A as being
closer. Which depth cue are we using?
a. relative size
b. linear perspective
c. proximity
d. interposition
4. ________ is the ability to sense the position and movement of
our body parts.
a. proprioaction
b. proprioception
c. proprioliction
d. proprioprediction
5. A researcher interested in the relationship between physical
stimuli and our psychological experience would be studying:
a. extra sensory perception
b. proprioception
c. auditory realism
d. psychophysics
6. When a person enters a dark room their pupils ________ to allow
more light to enter their eyes.
a. constrict
b. curve
c. dilate
d. a or c
7. Wave ________ is to pitch as wave ________ is to loudness.
a. length, frequency
b. peak, trough
c. pressure, distinctiveness
d. frequency, amplitude
8. In depth perception, accommodation would be most useful for
which activity?
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a

Partial preview of the text

Download Sensation and Perception in Psychology and more Quizzes Personality Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

  1. Sensation is to ________ as perception is to ________. a. vision, olfaction b. conscious, unconscious c. awareness, interpretation d. taste, vision
  2. Visual accommodation involves a change in which structure? a. lens b. cornea c. retina d. fovea
  3. If object A overlaps object B we perceive object A as being closer. Which depth cue are we using? a. relative size b. linear perspective c. proximity d. interposition
  4. ________ is the ability to sense the position and movement of our body parts. a. proprioaction b. proprioception c. proprioliction d. proprioprediction
  5. A researcher interested in the relationship between physical stimuli and our psychological experience would be studying: a. extra sensory perception b. proprioception c. auditory realism d. psychophysics
  6. When a person enters a dark room their pupils ________ to allow more light to enter their eyes. a. constrict b. curve c. dilate d. a or c
  7. Wave ________ is to pitch as wave ________ is to loudness. a. length, frequency b. peak, trough c. pressure, distinctiveness d. frequency, amplitude
  8. In depth perception, accommodation would be most useful for which activity?

a. playing golf b. threading a needle c. driving a car d. flying a kite

  1. What is the visible part of the ear called? a. pinna b. funnel c. tibia d. cochlea
  2. The optic nerve carries information to: a. the retina then the cortex b. the retina then the thalamus c. the thalamus then the cortex d. the cornea then the retina
  3. Where would you find tastebuds? a. on the tongue b. on the walls of the mouth c. at the back of the throat d. all of the above
  4. Damage to the ________ may cause sensorineural hearing loss. a. eardrum b. pinna c. stapes d. cilia
  5. Which are the 4 basic sensations our skin can detect? a. vibration, warmth, tingling, pain b. pain, friction, cold, warmth c. pain, pressure, hot, cold d. itching, tickling, friction, aching
  6. Which of the following is NOT one of the six senses? a. proprioception b. transduction c. olfaction d. taste
  7. Which of the following is a gestalt principle? a. intensity b. density c. proximity d. frequency
  1. Damage to your olfactory membrane would most likely impair your ability to: a. see b. hear c. smell d. feel pain
  2. Which of the following is NOT a set of opponent colours according to opponent process theory? a. red/blue b. red/green c. yellow/blue d. white/black
  3. Your ability to focus on a TV show while ignoring the noise of your partner nagging about supper illustrates: a. synesthesia b. selective attention c. sensory attention d. sensory adaptation
  4. The fact that you may notice a disgusting smell when you first walk into a room but stop noticing it if you stay in the room for a while illustrates: a. synesthesia b. selective attention c. sensory attention d. sensory adaptation
  5. ________ ________ theory argues that pain is determined by the operation of two types of nerve fibres in the spinal cord. a. opponent process b. Young Helmholtz c. gate control d. neural location
  6. The middle ear contains three little bones. They are: a. pinna, cochlea, cilia b. incus, anvil, stapes c. hammer, anvil, stirrup d. tympani, ossicle, pinna
  7. Signal detection analysis examines our ability to: a. tell the difference between blue and green b. detect signals of distress in a baby c. detect the latent meaning of a dream d. separate true signals from background noise
  1. What do we call the field of psychology that focuses on improving the development of technology by using psychological knowledge? a. human factors b. signal detection c. humanistic psychology d. computer science
  2. ________ refers to the minimum amount of stimulus energy required to be detected 50% of the time. a. absolute threshold b. difference threshold c. just noticeable difference d. transduction
  3. Decreased sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as ________. a. transduction b. difference threshold c. sensory adaptation d. inattentional blindness

d. all of the above

  1. The audible range for humans is ________. a. 380–740 Hz b. 10–20 dB c. less than 300 dB d. 20-20,000 Hz
  2. The quality of a sound that is affected by frequency, amplitude, and timing of the sound wave is known as ________. a. pitch b. tone c. electromagnetic d. timbre
  3. The ________ is a small indentation of the retina that contains cones. a. optic chiasm b. optic nerve c. fovea d. iris
  4. ________ operate best under bright light conditions. a. cones b. rods c. retinal ganglion cells d. striate cortex
  5. ________ depth cues require the use of both eyes. a. monocular b. binocular c. linear perspective d. accommodating
  1. If you were to stare at a green dot for a relatively long period of time and then shift your gaze to a blank white screen, you would see a ________ negative afterimage. a. blue b. yellow c. black d. red
  2. Hair cells located near the base of the basilar membrane respond best to ________ sounds. a. low-frequency b. high-frequency c. low-amplitude d. high-amplitude
  3. The three ossicles of the middle ear are known as ________. a. malleus, incus, and stapes b. hammer, anvil, and stirrup c. pinna, cochlea, and utricle d. both a and b
  4. Hearing aids might be effective for treating ________. a. Ménière’s disease b. sensorineural hearing loss c. conductive hearing loss d. interaural time differences
  5. Cues that require two ears are referred to as ________ cues. a. monocular b. monaural c. binocular d. binaural
  6. Chemical messages often sent between two members of a species to communicate something about reproductive status are called ________.

b. good continuation c. proximity d. similarity

  1. According to the law of ________, we are more likely to perceive smoothly flowing lines rather than choppy or jagged lines. a. closure b. good continuation c. proximity d. similarity
  2. The main point of focus in a visual display is known as the ________. a. closure b. perceptual set c. ground d. figure
  3. A clear membrane covering the visible part of the eye that helps gather and direct incoming light Cornea
  4. The opening in the middle of the iris that changes size to let in different amounts of light Pupil
  5. Lines meet eventually in the distance Linear perspective
  1. Group similar items together Law of similarity
  2. The property of color that is the purity of the wavelength Saturation
  3. Best simplest, shape Law of simplicity
  4. The smallest possible strength of a stimulus that can be detected half the time Absolute threshold
  5. Sense of taste Gustation
  6. Specialized cells unique to each sense organ that respond to a particular form of sensory stimulation Sensory receptors
  7. Area of the retina without rods or cones where the optic nerve leaves the eye Optic disk
  8. Sense of balance or equilibrium a. vestibular sense
  1. Sensory receptors located in the muscles and joints that provide info about body positions and movements a. sensory receptors b. taste buds c. proprioceptors d. ganglion cells
  2. Common objects are unchanging a. perceptual constancies b. shape constancy c. sensory adaptation d. depth perception
  3. Sensitive to both motion and edges (pencil bending) Convergence
  4. Includes the skin and vestibular senses Somesthetic senses
  5. Tendency to see objects in their normal brightness, even in changed lighting. Bright consistency
  6. Looking at the whole and discerning features Top-down processing
  7. Light bends in different densities Saturation
  8. Completes objects not fully seen by the eyes Perceptual set
  9. Caused by damage to the outer or middle ear structures. Conduction hearing impairment
  10. Tendency to perceive objects as remaining the same shape even when the shape of the object changes on the retina of the eye. Shape constancy

GLOSSARY:

  1. sensation: the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 158)
    1. sensory receptors: sensory nerve endings that respond to stimuli. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 158)
  2. perception: the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 158)
  3. bottom-up processing: analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p.
  1. top-down processing: information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 158)
  2. selective attention: the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 158)
  3. inattentional blindness: failing to see visible objects when our attention is direct ed elsewhere. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 160)
  4. change blindness: failing to notice changes in the environment; a form of inattentional blindness. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 161)
    1. transduction: conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 162)
  5. psychophysics: the study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 162)
  6. absolute threshold: threshold the minimum stimulus energy needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 163)
  7. signal detection theory: a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise). Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person's experience, expectations, motivation, and alertness. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 163)
  8. subliminal: below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 163)
  1. accommodation: (1) in sensation and perception, the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina. (2) in developmental psychology, adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e pp. 177, 498)
  2. rods: retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray, and are sensitive to movement; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 178)
  3. cones: retinal receptors that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. Cones detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 178)
  4. optic nerve: the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 178)
  5. blind spot: the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p.
  1. fovea: the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 179)
  2. Young-Helmholtz trichromatic (three-color) theory: the theory that the retina contains three different types of color receptors—one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue—which, when stimulated in combination, can produce the perception of any color. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 181)
  3. opponent-process theory: the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, blue-yellow, white-black) enable color vision. For example, some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red; others are stimulated by red and inhibited by green. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 182)
  4. feature detectors: nerve cells in the brain's visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 183)
  5. parallel processing: processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e pp. 126, 183, 329)
  6. gestalt: an organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 187)
  7. figure-ground: the organization of the visual field into objects (the figures) that stand out from their surroundings (the ground). (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 187)
  8. grouping: the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 188)
  1. depth perception: the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 189)
  2. visual cliff: a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 189)
  3. binocular cue: a depth cue, such as retinal disparity, that depends on the use of two eyes. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 189)
  4. retinal disparity: a binocular cue for perceiving depth. By comparing retinal images from the two eyes, the brain computes distance—the greater the disparity (difference) between the two images, the closer the object. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 189)
  5. monocular cue: a depth cue, such as interposition or linear perspective, available to either eye alone. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 190)
  6. phi phenomenon: an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in quick succession. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 190)
  7. perceptual constancy: perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent color, brightness, shape, and size) even as illumination and retinal images change. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 191)
  8. color constancy: perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 192) 50. perceptual adaptation: the ability to adjust to changed sensory input, including an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 195)
  9. audition: the sense or act of hearing. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 198)
  10. frequency: the number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time (for example, per second). (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 198)
  11. pitch: a tone's experienced highness or lowness; depends on frequency. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 198)
  12. middle ear: the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 199)
  13. cochlea: a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sound waves traveling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve impulses. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p.
  1. inner ear: the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs. (Myers Psychology for AP 3e p. 199)

Aqueous humor may be a clear fluid that fills and helps form the anterior and posterior chambers of the attention. The lens and cornea must remain clear to permit light transmission, and thus can’t be invested within a vasculature.

  1. Multimode theory was developed by: [A] Johnston and Triesman [B] Johnston and Broadbent [C] Johnston and Heinz [D] Johnston and Bose Solution: [C] Johnston and Heinz Multimode theory was developed by Johnston and Heinz (1978). This theory believes that spotlight could be a flexible system that enables selection of a stimulus over others at three stages.
  2. The method through which certain stimuli are selected from a bunch of others is cited as: [A] Amplitude [B] Attention [C] Pitch [D] Path Solution: [B] Attention The process through which certain stimuli are selected from a gaggle of others is mostly mentioned as attention. The properties of attention are selection, alertness, concentration and search.
  3. Which of the subsequent help in holding the lens at its appropriate place and in proper shape? Vitreous Humor The humor (also known simply because the vitreous) could be a clear, colorless fluid that fills the space between the lens and therefore the retina of your eye. 99% of it consists of water and also the rest could be a mixture of collagen, proteins, salts and sugars
  1. The receptors of the kinesthetic system are found primarily in Muscles The mechanoreceptors found in muscles, called the first and secondary spindle receptors, are located in muscle spindles, which are elongated structures.
  2. Which of the subsequent gives us information about our body position, movement and acceleration? The sensory system The vestibular apparatus provides the sense of balance and therefore the information about body position that permits rapid compensatory movements in response to both self-induced and externally generated forces.
  3. The areas surrounded by others tend to be perceived as figures, explain: [A] The principle of surroundness [B] The principle of symmetry [C] The principle of smallness [D] The principle of largeness Solution: [B] The principle of symmetry The effect is a minimum of as symmetric because the cause. What the symmetry principle means is that any symmetry of a cause must appear in its effect, while the effect may possess symmetry that’s not symmetry of the cause. Causes and effects in quantum systems are discussed.