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ServiceNow Discovery Fundamentals: A Comprehensive Q&A Guide, Exams of Software Engineering

This document offers a thorough exploration of servicenow discovery fundamentals through a series of questions and answers. it covers key aspects like network, cloud, and serverless discovery, troubleshooting techniques, and credential management. The q&a format facilitates a deep understanding of servicenow's discovery functionalities and best practices. Ideal for students and professionals seeking to master servicenow's discovery capabilities.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 05/02/2025

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ServiceNow Discovery – Fundamentals
Latest Update Graded A+
Network discovery ✔✔Network Discovery discovers the internal IP networks and subnets within
your organization;
Cloud discovery ✔✔Cloud discovery finds resources in AWS and Azure clouds, and then
populates the CMDB with the relevant CIs and relationships. Two types: Service account cloud
discovery & Cloud application discovery;
Serverless discovery ✔✔Discovery can find applications on host machines without the need to
discover the host first. Two type: Standard serverless discovery & Host-based serverless
discovery;
Discocery Dashboard displays ✔✔The Discovery Dashboard displays:
1 The current progress of the actively running schedules.
2 Discovered devices, by category and time discovered.
3 Errors that occurred during a schedule that has run.
4 Credentials that were either not required or unused by a schedule
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ServiceNow Discovery – Fundamentals

Latest Update Graded A+

Network discovery ✔✔Network Discovery discovers the internal IP networks and subnets within your organization;

Cloud discovery ✔✔Cloud discovery finds resources in AWS and Azure clouds, and then populates the CMDB with the relevant CIs and relationships. Two types: Service account cloud discovery & Cloud application discovery;

Serverless discovery ✔✔Discovery can find applications on host machines without the need to discover the host first. Two type: Standard serverless discovery & Host-based serverless discovery;

Discocery Dashboard displays ✔✔The Discovery Dashboard displays:

1 The current progress of the actively running schedules.

2 Discovered devices, by category and time discovered.

3 Errors that occurred during a schedule that has run.

4 Credentials that were either not required or unused by a schedule

Discovery status ✔✔The Discovery status provides a summary of a Discovery launched from a schedule. You can also cancel a Discovery that is in progress from the status form

Discovery status reference lists ✔✔* Discovery Log: classification failures, CMDB updates, and authentication failures

  • ECC queue entried: connected flow of probe and sensor activity, actual XML payload.

  • Device history: summary of all the devices scanned during discovery, and what action sensors took on the CMDB

Include alive ✔✔includes devices on which one port responded to the scan, but no ports are open

Discovery Log ✔✔classification failures, CMDB updates, and authentication failures

Discovery Pattern Log ✔✔includes Horizontal Discovery log records, which display information about discoveries that were performed with patterns. A horizontal discovery log record is created for an entire horizontal discovery run, which includes the results of all the operations specified in the pattern.

Auto select steps for MID Server clusters in load balanced ✔✔1 first MID Server in the cluster that it finds with the status of Up

2 more up, random select one else Paused or Upgrading

Auto select steps for MID Server clusters in fail over ✔✔1 MID Server with the lowest Order value that also has the status of Up

2 else Paused or Upgrading

Where can you set the Shazzam batch size? ✔✔on the Discovery schedule

What is the default batch size for Shazzam? ✔✔ 5000

When not to use MID server clusters? ✔✔LDAP

Export sets

JDBC data sources

When can you get duplicated discovery data ,using a MID server? ✔✔When a fail over MID server starts it is always begins with first ECC entry

What are capabilities? ✔✔MID Server capabilities define the specific functions of a MID Server within an IP address range

What capabilities are available? ✔✔All

Cloud Management

Nmap

PowerShell

Resolve DNS

REST

SNMP

SOAP

SSH

VMware

WMI

Where to validate Discovery results? ✔✔Accessing the ECC queue, analyzing the XML payload, and checking the Discovery log

If there are no working creditials for a device, which creditials are used? ✔✔MID Server service account

Credentials for SHH are for... ✔✔Unix/Linux. Support for SS pasword and private key

Credentials for SNMP are for ... ✔✔Network and printer devices. Support SNMP v2/

Credentials for Windows are for ... ✔✔Windows device

Credentials for VMWare vCenter are for ... ✔✔VMware vCenter on Windows machine

Credentials for CIM are for ... ✔✔CIM servers based on Common Information Model

Credentials for AWS are for ... ✔✔Amzon EC2 Web Services. Cloud management

Where are credentials stored? ✔✔On instance in table Credentials

How will MID Server receive credentials? ✔✔Place request

creditals are decrypted with fixed key

re-encrypted with Web Service key

credtials encryptes on instance SSL

credentials de-crypted on MID server SLL

credentials de-crypted MID server with Web Servicekey

What is Credential Affinity? ✔✔It is a table that holds correct credential found for a CI.

What could be the problem if Windows authentication fails in Classify? ✔✔Powershell not properly configured

Windows credentials not properly set

When will you see 2 log entries for credential failure? ✔✔Powershell is corectly enabled but :

Windows Service Credential and

Windows Credntials

are not correct

Which table is used to view the Device History? ✔✔dicovery_device_history

What needs to be enabled to use external storage credentials? ✔✔Discovery External Credential Storage plugin

What are the requirements for discovering SQL Server? ✔✔On SQL server:

  • Remote Registry Service enable
  • Powershell v
  • Add Windows user

On MID server:

  • Powershell,
  • Microsoft SQL Servcer management lib SMO,

What credentials are needed to discover VMware? ✔✔Windows credentials: vCenter application

VMware credentials: to interogate ESX Servers

CIM credentials are used for? ✔✔Probe CIM server to discover Staorage servers

DAS, NAS and SAN

What protocol is used to discover devices as switches, rouer, printers? ✔✔SNMP.

Only the default read community string needed

If ACLs then MID Server IP must be added

What is a behavior? ✔✔It controls which protocol is to be used when dicovering a device during Port Scan Phase

What is Discovery Functionality? ✔✔defines what each MID Server in the behaviour must do as defined by the Functionality Definition

What is Functionality Definition? ✔✔defines which protocols to detect

How to use a behaviour in Discovery schedule? ✔✔Select for MID server: Use behaviour.

What is the default protocol used when classifying in Shazzem probe? ✔✔WMI

Network devices by functionality

How enable to show the list of classifiers used? ✔✔glide.discovery.debug.classification = true

What could cause duplicated CI's? ✔✔Discovery running and an import and reconciliation and required fields are not correct.

Where can you set indentifiers for CI? ✔✔Discovery Definition > CI indentification > Indentifiers

CI Class Manager

Will Discovery change the Class of a CI? ✔✔Yes, if the CI is in a other class (caused by import).

Where can you check to see what indentification rules are used? ✔✔Discovery log. Shows them in order used.

What other optional platform features can be used to prevent datasources for overwriting attributes? ✔✔Reconcilliation and Datasource Precedence

Reconciliation ✔✔Spicifies atributes a datasource is allowed to update

Datasource Precedence ✔✔The order in which a daatasources are allowed to write over data. Lower order has higher priority.

Which Encryption ServiceNow uses to store credential in Discover_credential table? ✔✔3 DES Encryption

What is MID Server default thread limit? ✔✔ 25

Custom parsing strategies are? ✔✔JavaScript

Where can you find what classifiers were used and in which order? ✔✔Node Log File Browser

What can you set in Discovery Configuration Console? ✔✔Choose what discovery data is populated in CMDB

Swith of Unix Servers, will disable SSH Probe

What will be created if duplicated CI are found? ✔✔Deplicate Tasks (under Indentification/Reconcilliation)

On what port does SSH run? ✔✔ 22

On what port does WMI run? ✔✔ 135

On what port does SNMP run? ✔✔ 161

How to validate permission from MID Server? ✔✔a. Putty for SSH

b. Webmtest for WMI

c. iReasoning for SNMP

We should have same capabilities for all MID Server in cluster? ✔✔True

How many CI Identifier we can have per CI class? ✔✔ 1

Steps to extend discovery using Probe & Sensors. ✔✔a. Create Probe (Under Discovery Definition)

b. Create Sensor (Attach previously created Probe to this sensor)

c. Associate new Probe to server (Under Ci Classifier)

Can we pass multiple commands while creating new Probe? ✔✔Yes! We can but need to select "multiprobe" as probe type.

How many type of horizontal discovery pattern are available? ✔✔Infrastructure

Used to target Server or Host.

Application

Used to target application running on servers or Hosts (Can be identify by running process or TCP Connection).

Which phase do we need to use for the Horizontal Probe on Infrastructure Discovery Patterns ✔✔Identification Phase

Where can you customize the name creating of applications? ✔✔On classification script field

Why use a Porcess Handler? ✔✔If restarted processes have changing parameters.

Makes sure that no dupicated Application CI occur.

What does a Process Handler do? ✔✔make sure that data is the same after restarts of preoces.

Uses a script.

Can you have multiple Process Handlers per class? ✔✔Yes

What is a requirement for MID servers in Load Balance Cluster? ✔✔Have the same capabitlties

What is achieved with Shazzam cluster support? ✔✔It enables Shazzam to be process among multiple MIS Servers ia a cluster. Preformance.

In a fail over cluster a MID Server stops. What will happen? ✔✔NExt highest MID server takes over

MID server check ECC queue for job Processing or Ready

In what way can you extend Discovery? ✔✔Classifiers

  • Classifiy new applications to extend ADM
  • Classify new devices that are not classified in base line

Probes & Sensors

  • Run new commands to collect more details from Unix, windows and SNMP devices

Discovery patterns

  • Create pattern queries that parse returned data to gather CI attributes

For what protcal can you write new probes? ✔✔WMI, SNMP, SSH

Where do you write the propbe commands for SSH? ✔✔In the ECC queue name field

What can Sensors do? ✔✔Parse result returned from Probe

Update CMDB

Trigger other probes