Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction, Study notes of Biology

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Sexual vs. Asexual

Reproduction

I can:

I can compare (and contrast) the advantages

and disadvantages of sexual and asexual

reproduction

Uniform offspring

Diverse offspring

Sexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction

Advantages: Sexual Reproduction

 Diverse offspring : genetic variation among offspring

Half of the DNA comes from mom Half of the DNA comes from dad

 Due to genetic variation, individuals within a population have slight differences Plants – resist diseases  Traits can develop to resist harsh environments that allows an organism survive

Advantages: Sexual Reproduction

 Selective Breeding

Used to develop many types of plants and animals that have desirable traits

Agriculture/Farming: better plants, larger animals

Desirable pets

Examples: Sexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

 One parent: organism produces

offspring without fertilization

 Uniform offspring :

Because offspring inherit all of their

DNA from one parent, they are

genetically identical to each other

and to their parent

Budding: Asexual Reproduction

 Budding : a new organism grows by mitosis and cell division on the body of its parent The bud , or offspring is identical to the parent The bud, when large enough, can break off of the parent and live on its own Offspring may remain attached and form a colony

 Examples : Yeast, Hydra, cactus

Regeneration: Asexual Reproduction

 Regeneration : occurs when an offspring grows from a piece of its parent.  Producing new organisms : Sea Stars Sea urchins, sea cucumber, sponges, and planarians  Producing new body parts : Gecko Newts, tadpoles, crabs, hydra, and zebra fish

Advantages: Asexual Reproduction

Enables organisms to reproduce

without a mate

No wasted time and energy

Enables some organisms to rapidly

reproduce a large number of

uniform offspring

Disadvantages: Asexual Reproduction

 Because their offspring are identical, there is no genetic variation that can give an organism a better chance for survival  Example : If a weed killer can kill the parent, it will also kill the offspring A whole species can be wiped out from a disease

 Dangerous mutations in DNA – if the parent has the mutation in their DNA, the offspring will have it too.

Activity:

 Create a creature that reproduces asexually.

Draw the creature

Describe how the creature reproduces asexually

Describe 1 advantage of reproducing this way

Describe 1 disadvantage of reproducing this way

Name your creature

How the uniform offspring of your creature