1. The basics
a) Define the term "silent mutation"
Silent mutations are DNA mutations that do not result in a change to the amino acid
sequence of a protein
b) What is the "central dogma" of molecular biology?
Biological information flows in only one direction, from DNA to RNA to proteins.
Replication (DNA) ->Transcription (DNA-RNA)->Translation (RNA->protein)
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c) Identify the longest open reading frame in the following DNA sequence and translate it
into an amino-acid sequence (note: translation table provided at the end of the exam)
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TGCGTATGTATGTCAGACGGTGAGACGCTTGCGGGCTAAGCGACG
ATG TCA GAC GGT GAG ACG CTT GCG GGC TAA
M S D G E T L A G
2. Sequence alignment
a) Describe the recurrence and location of answer for global alignment between two
sequences.
Recurrence:
Bottom rightmost cell
